摘要:

Renal biopsy and clinical data from 60 patients with extracapillary proliferation (crescent formation) in > 50% of glomeruli were correlated. Nephropathy was related to infection (15 cases) malignancy (4 cases) and trichlorethylene exposure (2 cases). Isolated proteinuria was found 0.5–20 years before biopsy in 16 patients. Outcome was significantly related to percentage of crescentic involvement. Oligoanuria and impaired function at presentation were bad prognostic signs but preceding infection was favourable. Diverse histological and immunofluorescent findings indicate that extracapillary glomerulonephritis is not a single entity. The clinical course is not always rapidly progressiv

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180578

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1976

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The coefficient of true intestinal calcium absorption (a value) was measured by a double radioisotope technique in 29 chronic renal failure patients (serum creatinine levels 2.5–19.5 mg%) aged 20–75 years. The mean log10a ( ± standard error) of these subjects (1.197 ± 0.031) was significantly lower (p < 0.001) than that of 52 controls (1.532 ± 0.024), the geometric mean of the renal failure group (15.7%) being approximately half (46%) of that of the controls (33.9%).The decrease of a value of the uremic patients was more pronounced in the younger than in the older subjects as shown by a statistically significant (r=0.570; p < 0.001) positive curvilinear, relationship between a value and age. The lowest intestinal calcium absorptions were observed in patients with a serum creatinine level of approximately 11 mg%, the a values increasing progressively with lower or larger than 11 mg% serum creatinine levels, as shown by a statistically significant (r = 0.485; p < 0.01) parabolic relationship between a value and serum creatinine. The possible mechanism(s) of this relationship are dis

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180579

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1976

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A formula has been developed to predict creatinine clearance (Ccr) from serum creatinine (Scr) in adult males: Ccr = (140 – age) (wt kg)/72 × Scr(mg/100ml) (15% less in females). Derivation included the relationship found between age and 24-hour creatinine excretion/kg in 249 patients aged 18–92. Values for Ccr were predicted by this formula and four other methods and the results compared with the means of two 24-hour Ccr’s measured in 236 patients. The above formula gave a correlation coefficient between predicted and mean measured Ccr·s of 0.83; on average, the difference between predicted and mean measured values was no greater than that between paired clearances. Factors for age and body weight must be included for reasonable pre

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180580

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1976

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

NH4CI was infused into the left renal artery of anesthetized dogs at 50–125 µM/kg/min for up to 110 min. Renal blood flow declined early then increased to supra-control levels during infusion. Kidneys perfused at 125 µM/kg/min for 90 min showed patchy to confluent mixtures of cortical necrosis and tubular necrosis. Experimental kidneys invariably showed lower urine osmolality than contralateral controls 48 h after perfusion. Kidneys with necrosis showed depressed creatinine clearance as well. Renal artery infusion of NH4 acetate or intravenous infusion of NaHCO3 during arterial infusion of NH4CI prevented significant acidosis and caused minimal histological changes, but depression of urine osmolality was not prevented. It is concluded that renal ammonium concentrations up to 40 µM/liter for 90 min does not cause tubular necrosis but does impair urine concentration. Severe tissue damage followed renal exposure to high ammonium concentrations in the presence of metabolic or renal acid

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180581

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1976

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In normal persons, a decrease in urine flow following the injection of small amounts of vasopressin was accompanied by a significant decrease in the clearance and excretion of urate. When vasopressin and a small natriuretic dose of mannitol were administered together, urine flow and urate excretion again decreased. The recovery of urine flow to control values was accompanied by a similar recovery of urate excretion. Because a natriuretic dose of mannitol did not reverse the antiuricosuric effect of the flow decline, it is postulated that the flow effect probably reflects changes in a component of urate efflux distal to the loop of Henle.

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180582

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1976

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The renal papilla has a double blood supply – from both the vasa recta and the calyceal arteries. The importance of the latter supply is not established. A case of polyarteritis associated with papillary necrosis is reported, in which the calyceal vessels, supplying the area, show acute necrotizing arteritis and occlusion. The pathophysiological and clinical implications are discusse

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180583

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1976

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The urinary excretion of magnesium, calcium and sodium has been measured in 19 obese patients undergoing 12 days on complete fast (days 1–12) followed by 6 days of carbohydrate supplementation (days 13–18), while receiving no mineral supplements or either calcium, magnesium or sodium supplements. Magnesium and calcium followed different excretion patterns during the 12 days fast. The oral administration of 107 g carbohydrate daily during days 13–19 resulted in a marked decrease in the urinary excretion of magnesium, calcium and sodium by the non-, calcium- and sodium-supplemented patients, but there was no carbohydrate-induced reduction in magnesium excretion in the magnesium-supplemented patients. The kidney appears capable of selectively influencing calcium and sodium reabsorption, without magnesium excretion being affected. It is suggested that involvement in increased renal gluconeogenesis during fasting renders the renal tubule incapable of maximally conserving both divalent and monovalent ions. The increased tubular reabsorption of urinary constituents induced by carbohydrate administration probably stems from the concomitant reduction in gluconeoge

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180584

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1976

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

To increase the number of regular dialysis patients without increasing apparatus, staff or buildings, short time-high area dialysis was undertaken for 3.5 h twice a week or 3 h three times a week with two UF 2 coils in series (2 m2) with dialysis fluid flow of 300 ml/min/kidney in parallel. The biochemical and clinical results were compared with those obtained in a period immediately prior to this using conventional 7-hours dialysis twice a week or 6 h three times a week on UF 145. Urea, creatinine and vitamin B12 clearances, predialysis blood urea and creatinine levels and the clinical state of the patients were satisfactory on short double UF 2 coil in series dialysis. Addition of 1–1.5 liters of saline during dialysis permitted an average net fall in body weight of 1 kg without cramps or hypotension. The merits of rapid dialysis with a large area dialyzer are discusse

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180585

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1976

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:1660-8151    

DOI:10.1159/000180586

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1976

数据来源: Karger