摘要:

AbstractFive compositions incorporating octogen with an energetic binder, a reference composition and four compositions containing ammonium perchlorate, were studied experimentally by measuring the detonation velocity versus the diameter, by performing the cylinder test and a frontal projection test using a VISAR interferometer. The results obtained are treated in the frame means of the ZND phenomenological model extended to nonideal explosives and by using an adaptation of Kamlet's method. The conclusions drawn from this study are:– the phenomenological model is in line with the experimental results,– AP is entirely decomposed in the steady‐state zone,– the recombination reactions between the oxygen, released by the AP, and the carbon, released by other components, occur completely in the steady‐state zone in the case of small grain‐size AP (10μm),– these reactions are prolonged, for a few microseconds, in the non steady‐state zone in the case of large grain‐size AP (200μm),– In this case, the heterogeneity of the material is reflected in the structure of the detonation wave which shows a Von Neumann shock with a finite rise time (30 ns).The methodology developped in this work can be used for the study of the majority of

ISSN:0721-3115    

DOI:10.1002/prep.19940190102

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe equation of state of detonation products is essential to the explosive application. The study of this paper is set up with the following procedures: (1) cylinder expansion test is performed in a detonation test chamber, and the radial expansion, varied with time, of copper tube which is filled with Composition B, is recorded by Hamamatsu streak camera, (2) the JWL parameters are obtained by means of a simple mathematical analysis, and (3) the 2DL Code has been modified using JWL equation of state instead of HOM equation of state to study the behavior of the detonation gases. The results show that the JWL parameters of this study are in close agreement with the LLNL's approach and the JWL equation of state can more accurately predict the behavior of detonation products than the HOM.

ISSN:0721-3115    

DOI:10.1002/prep.19940190103

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIt is shown, that the portion of a shaped charge jet that emerges from explosive reactive armor is longer or at least less disturbed if the jet tip velocity can be raised. Generally, the residual jet length largely depends on the ratio of the reaction time of the armor and the standoff of the shaped charge from the armor.

ISSN:0721-3115    

DOI:10.1002/prep.19940190104

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPhase transitions in the α‐, β‐, γ‐, and ϵ‐polymorphs of 2,4,6,8,10,12‐hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (HNIW) have been studied as a function of temperature. Described are the results of high temperature equilibrium solvation studies coupled with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) for the identification of polymorphic conversion. These results are augmented by data in Part II from differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), differential thermal analysis/thermogravimetric analysis (DTA/TGA), and optical hot stage microscopy(6). The thermodynamic stability order of ϵ>γ>α‐hydrate>β is shown, with the epsilon polymorph the most thermodynamically stable phase of HNTW at room temperature. The existence of multiple α‐hydrate phases is shown to complicate the determination of the equilibrium P

ISSN:0721-3115    

DOI:10.1002/prep.19940190105

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe shock sensitivity of a typical sheet explosive RDX‐WAX (90:10) has been experimentally determined with gap test arrangement by measuring free surface velocity in different thicknesses of the barrier and shock and particle velocity of non‐reactive shock wave in the sheet explosive with Pin Oscillography Technique. It has been found that a shock wave, generated by a point‐initiated cylindrical explosive in contact with an aluminium barrier of diameter nearly twice the diameter of the charge, attenuates exponentially and a 6.5 mm thick sheet explosive, of density 1.28 g/cm3and velocity of detonation 6.43 mm/μs, detonates with 50% probability by a shock wave of 11 kbar pressure in the exp

ISSN:0721-3115    

DOI:10.1002/prep.19940190106

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractEnergy and dipole moment calculations show 3‐nitro‐5‐ amino‐1,2,4‐triazole is the most stable tautomer of ANTA either in the gas phase and polar solvents, in agreement with X‐ray findings. Our calculations predict that the 5‐nitro‐3‐amino‐1,2,4‐triazole tautomer is more sensitive to shock or impact. Some discrepancies between semiempirical (AMI and PM3) calculations and ab initio (up to 6‐3

ISSN:0721-3115    

DOI:10.1002/prep.19940190107

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe kinetic deuterium isotope effect was used to investigate the rate‐limiting process in the combustion of formulated nitramine propellants. Model propellant formulations containing either octahydro‐1,3,5,7‐tetranitro‐1,3,5,7‐tetrazocine (HMX), hexahydro‐1,3,5‐trinitro‐1,3,5‐triazine (RDX), or their deuteriated analogues were pressed into pellets and burned under nitrogen pressure in a window bomb. The magnitudes of the observed deuterium isotope effects indicate that the HMX and RDX exert significant control over the combustion phenomenon of the propellants studied. Furthermore, assuming a consistent mechanism between decomposition and combustion, the observed isotope effects suggest that a carbon‐hydrogen bond rupture in HMX or RDX is the rate‐controlling step in the combustion of the model nitramine propellants. Observed isotope effect values for HMX‐CW5 and RDX‐CW5 formulated propellants at 1000 psig (6.99 MPa) pressure were 1.29 ± 0.09 and 1.24 ± 0.07, respectively, compared to a theoretical estimate of 1.29 for a primary effect due t

ISSN:0721-3115    

DOI:10.1002/prep.19940190108

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0721-3115    

DOI:10.1002/prep.19940190109

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0721-3115    

DOI:10.1002/prep.19940190110

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0721-3115    

DOI:10.1002/prep.19940190101

出版商:WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY