ISSN:0039-2499    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1970

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0039-2499    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1970

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Inhaled 133-xenon was utilized in conjunction with the Anger gamma scintillation camera to evaluate cerebral circulation in 20 asymptomatic control subjects and in 41 patients with clinical cerebrovascular disease. Sequental cerebral scintiphotos thus obtained revealed focal areas of decreased activity in 2 of 19 control subjects and in 15 of 38 patients. A computerized curve-fitting technique was used to calculate an index of cerebral blood flow (“K”) by means of the 133-xenon clearance curves obtained from each half of the head. Shorter periods of 133-xenon inhalation resulted in more rapid rates of clearance. In patients with clinical cerebrovascular disease, cerebral clearance rates tended to be lower and to show more variation between the two sides of the head than in asymptomatic subjects.

ISSN:0039-2499    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1970

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Histories were taken and neurological examinations performed according to a carefully standardized protocol by two neurologists on 28 patients with histories of probable transient cerebrovascular insufficiency. Duplicate examinations were performed within a short interval of the initial examinations. Comparison of the findings on the two examinations showed extreme discrepancies in recording of presence or absence of specific symptoms and of signs on the neurological examination, including signs considered “objective”—for example, reflex asymmetry. Discussion between the examiners followed by another set of duplicate examinations reduced the discrepancies on the findings of neurological examination, but did very little to the discrepancies in the history. The necessity of realizing the variability of the history and examination in evaluating the course of, and therapy for, transient cerebrovascular ischemic attacks is emphasized.

ISSN:0039-2499    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1970

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A training program for hospital “stroke teams”, consisting of physician, nurse-coordinator and physical therapist, is a unique feature of the Area VIII Regional Medical Program. Training in team concept of stroke management based on the experience of Memorial Hospital of Long Beach will be offered Area-wide. Thirty acute hospitals and 73 extended-care facilities located within Area VIII will participate.It is stipulated that each team completing such training at Long Beach return to its own hospital to put the new approach and methods into effect, and also to train backup teams where personnel is available. Professional faculty will make follow-up visits to gauge the effectiveness of the training program both in application of the technique by the team and in influencing total approach to the care of stroke patients.Extended-care facilities also are urged to participate, in line with their own staffing patterns. The Easter Seal Rehabilitation Center of Orange County will cooperate by providing other disciplines for the stroke team when and where needed.While quantitative evaluation of results may be unfeasible, it is anticipated that the qualitative effects of this new program will be reflected in better care for the stroke patient, enhanced opportunities for return to self-sufficient living, and (hopefully) eventual improvement in the morbidity, mortality and residual-disability statistics for stroke.

ISSN:0039-2499    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1970

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The form of the ocular pulse in anesthetized dogs resembled an arterial pressure tracing. Obstructing the carotid artery reduced the amplitude of the pulse in the ipsilateral eye, but if collateral circulation through the basilar artery remained intact, the pulse soon returned to normal. Division of the basilar artery by itself temporarily increased the pulse amplitude in both eyes, probably reflecting increased collateral circulation through the carotid arteries. A 14% reduction in carotid blood flow or a 4% reduction in carotid blood pressure reduced the amplitude of the ocular pulse by 10% in dogs.

ISSN:0039-2499    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1970

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The right middle cerebral artery (MCA) was occluded in cats; after subsequent craniectomy cortical blood flow (CBF) was measured bilaterally with85Kr, and photographs of the superficial microvasculature were made. Ventilation was controlled, and PaCO2was altered by changing the concentration of CO2in the inspired air. In nonischemic cortex CBF varied as an exponential function of PaCO2, and the caliber of superficial arterial vessels (50 to 200 μ in diameter) increased with increasing PaCO2. In ischemic cortex, changes of PaCO2produced no change of CBF in six of ten animals studied within one day of occlusion; in four of these six, there was no change in the caliber of arterial vessels. In the four other animals of this group, there was a paradoxical response (an increase of PaCO2produced a decrease of CBF of ischemic cortex), and in two of these four animals, there also was a paradoxical response of the caliber of arterial vessels. In eight animals allowed to survive 5 to 12 days after MCA occlusion, the arterial vessels of ischemic cortex regained some reactivity: a normal response of CBF to changes of PaCO2was found in four, and appropriate changes of vessel caliber were found in all eight. The ischemia-induced impairment of the reactivity of cortical vessels to changes of PaCO2, casts doubt on the usefulness of CO2inhalation for the treatment of strokes of humans.

ISSN:0039-2499    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1970

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The left carotid artery of arteriosclerotic and nonarteriosclerotic male and female rats was surgically ligated to induce a state of cerebral ischemia. The animals promptly developed signs of cerebral impairment and were sacrificed 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 24, and 48 hours later to determine what dynamic pathophysiological changes attend acute cerebral ischemia.Several of the arteriosclerotic animals developed myocardial infarcts concomitant with the cerebral edema, hemorrhage, necrosis, and leptomeningitis observed in general. All of the experimental animals manifested necrosis and fatty infiltration of the liver, and their adrenal glands were hypertrophied, hemorrhagic, and depleted of lipid.Serum creatine phosphokinase and glutamic oxalacetic transaminase rose abruptly after 24 hours of cerebral ischemia. Triglycerides, free fatty acids, and cholesterol alterations were in keeping with intense lipid mobilization, dissolution of peripheral adipose tissue sites, and fatty metamorphosis of the liver. The animals also showed marked hyperglycemia and increased secretion of corticosterone. These investigations indicate that acute cerebral ischemia is a severe stress and will elicit dynamic alterations in serum parameters such as enzymes, lipids, glucose, and the adrenocortical stress hormones. Animals with pre-existing arteriosclerosis manifest more untoward effects and greater excursion in serum metabolic parameters than nonarteriosclerotic subjects.

ISSN:0039-2499    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1970

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The immediate postoperative cerebral complications of 65 carotid occlusions were evaluated. The occlusions were done in all but one case for intracranial saccular aneurysms and were performed by either direct ligation (quick type) or slow turning down of a Silverstone clamp or similar device (slow occlusion). Cerebral complications occurred in 21 patients. The quick type of occlusion of the artery resulted in a complication rate of 24% whereas the slow type had a rate of 38%. A total of 123 cases involving cerebral complications after carotid ligation were collected from the literature and evaluated. The combined total of 81 cases of transient complications that were collected from the literature and from our series showed that such deficits occur frequently from 10 minutes to six hours after the occlusion of the vessel.

ISSN:0039-2499    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1970

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0039-2499    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1970

数据来源: OVID