ISSN:0039-2499    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

156 patients with transient ischemic attacks (TIA) or reversible ischemic neurological deficit (RIND) were given prophylactic anticoagulant (AC) treatment against cerebral infarction in a prospective multicenter study from 5 hospitals in southern Sweden. After 2 months of AC treatment, 135 patients remained in the study and were randomized into 2 groups; one continued with AC treatment and one changed to anti-platelet therapy. The patients were followed for 12 months. No significant difference was seen between the 2 groups but 3 completed cerebral infarctions occurred during anti-platelet therapy against one during AC treatment. One cerebral hemorrhage was seen during AC treatment. All completed strokes occurred in men who initially had carotid symptoms. The number of patients with TIA/RIND was somewhat higher in the anti-platelet group whereas myocardial infarctions occurred more often during AC treatment. Compared to the natural history of untreated TIA/RIND both treatments were found to have a prophylactic effect against cerebral infarction.

ISSN:0039-2499    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Compressed and enteric-coated acetylsalicylate (ASA) tablets have been compared in normal healthy subjects. Plasma ASA and salicylate (SA) were measured by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). Platelet cyclooxygenase activityin vitrowas studied by a radiometric technique. Following ingestion of 650 mg of ASA in the form of compressed tablets, cyclooxygenase activity was inhibited 95% within 45 mln. Enzyme activity was observed to increase within 8 h and reached 10% of control level by 24 b. The pattern suggests that only circulating platelets are affected by ASA ingestion. Following the administration of 650 mg of ASA as enteric-coated tablets comparable inhibition of cyclooxygenase activity was observed, although the effect was delayed, reflecting the delayed appearance of ASA in the plasma. Return to control levels followed a pattern similar to that observed with the compressed tablet.

ISSN:0039-2499    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

As part of an ongoing longitudinal study of coronary heart disease and stroke among Japanese men in Hawaii, 8,006 men of Japanese ancestry living on the island of Oahu and aged 45–68 at entry examination have been followed by reexamination and surveillance. One hundred and eleven were found to have evidence of prior stroke at the time of the initial examination. During a six-year follow up period of the remaining 7,895 men, 94 developed definite thromboembolic stroke, 33 definite intracranial hemorrhage, and 6 developed stroke of unknown type. The principal risk factors for thromboembolic stroke were: elevated blood pressure, glucose intolerance, age, and electrocardiographic evidence of left ventricular hypertrophy or strain. Attributes associated with increased risk of intracranial hemorrhage were elevated blood pressure, electrocardiographic evidence of left ventricular hypertrophy or strain, and alcohol intake. Serum cholesterol level was negatively associated with risk of intracranial hemorrhage.

ISSN:0039-2499    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

At the Honolulu Heart Study 7,895 men of Japanese ancestry, 45–68 year-old, who were free of prerious stroke at the baseline examination (1965–1968) were followed 6 years for the development of transient cerebral ischemic attacks (TIA). Fifty-one men developed probable or possible episodes. In multivariate analysis TIA was associated with preceding hypertension, cigarette smoking and coronary heart disease. It was less common in men who were facile with written Japanese language, in those who consumed alcohol, and in those who were physically active. During an average follow up of 3 years after these TIA events 2 strokes occurred, vs 0.7 expected. This prognosis is more favorable than that reported by other studies.

ISSN:0039-2499    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Foils coated with specific cholesterol esters indicate differences in temperature by changes in color. When these foils are placed on the skin, the skin temperature measured is related to the perfusion provided by the vessels supplying this area of the skin. A group of 300 patients were examined simultaneously with plate thermography and directional Doppler sonography in order to detect obstruction or occlusions of the carotid artery. Abnormalities were found in 42 patients. In 31, the positive findings obtained by the 2 methods were in agreement. In 8 only plate thermography gave a positive result, and in 3 only Doppler sonography yielded a relevant finding. Plate thermography as a method for the detection of a stenosis or an occlusion of the carotid artery is suggested as useful for an initial screening method.

ISSN:0039-2499    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was measured by the123Xenon inhalation method in a selected group of 44 normal non-hospitalized, normotensive subjects aged 19 to 79 years. rCBF was computed as the initial slope index value (ISI). Advancing age was associated with significant reductions in the mean brain and mean hemispheric ISI as well as in individual ISI levels measured from all areas in both hemispheres. Our findings suggest that decline of rCBF is not limited to normal elderly subjects but that it is a progressive phenomenon which begins at an earlier age.

ISSN:0039-2499    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The development of a non-invasive technique for simultaneous bihemispheric measurement of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) by inhalation of123Xenon made available a safe method for evaluation of cerebral circulation under various cardiac conditions. Regional cerebral blood flow was measured by133Xenon inhalation in 31 patients with chronic atrial fibrillation without symptoms of heart failure and free from neurological diseases. Their age ranged from 35 to 80 (mean 60.3 years). In 27 out of the 31 patients rCBF was found to be lower than for age-matched normal control subjects. A reduction in cerebral blood flow from 17.5% to 5.5% in various age groups was found. The highest reduction in mean rCBF (17.5%) was found in the younger age group (35–50 years). In the group of patients between 51–65 years, the reduction was 13.4% and in the patients above 65, only 5.5%. The reduction of rCBF observed in our patients apparently did not reach the level required to produce cerebral manifestations. However, it is plausible to assume that any superimposed rhythm or rate pathology and/or cerebral arteriosclerosis may further compromise the cerebral circulation. Although cerebral emboli are a frequent cause of cerebral manifestations in cardiac arrhythmia, a chronic reduction in cerebral perfusion consequent to rate or rhythm disturbances in patients with cerebral vascular diseases should be considered. Early recognition and therapy of chronic arrhythmia with reduced cerebral perfusion may prevent neurological complications at a later stage.

ISSN:0039-2499    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Measurements of total and regional cerebral blood flow in paralyzed rats maintained on 70 % N20/30 % O2obtained by a diffusible tracer technique, iodoantipyrine, and by a particle distribution method, microspheres, have been compared. Total CBF rallies were in good agreement, 0.86 ± 0.07 ml/g/mln (Paco237.3 ± 1.5, iodoantipyrine method) and 0.88 ± 0.02 (Paco, 36.2 ± 0.8, mlcrosphere method). Regional cerebral blood flows showed good agreement with the 2 methods, with highest flow in the colliculi, striatum and cerebral cortex and lowest flows in the bypothalamiis, pons medulla and cerebellum. The iodoantipyrine method is technically easier to perform and had a higher precision.

ISSN:0039-2499    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This investigation tests the hypothesis that the normal cerebral image obtained non-invasively during continuous inhalation of C15O2is related to cerebral blood flow. Trace amounts of CO2labeled with the positron-emitting radionuclide15O were administered to 4 normal subjects at normo- and hypocapnia and to 2 of these subjects at hypercapnia. Hypocapnia typically caused a marked decrease in cerebral15O activity, and hypercapnia a small increase in activity. The relative difference in the change in count rate in response to hypoand hypercapnia is what one would expect if the activity represented blood flow, according to a mathematical model which assumes the15O label enters the brain as water of perfusion. The findings in this study suggest that the normal cerebral image obtained during continuous inhalation of C15O2is related to cerebral blood flow, but in a non-linear fashion, and that the technique would be more sensitive to ischemic events than to hyperemic phenomena.

ISSN:0039-2499    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID