ISSN:0039-2499    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0039-2499    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

As part of the Ni-Hon-San Study, stroke incidence was compared in the Japan and Hawaii cohorts. Stroke cases were classified in two types, intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) and thrombo-embolic stroke (T-E). For each type the incidence in Japan was about three times as great as in Hawaii. The ratio ICH/T-E was 1/2.2 and 1/1.6 in Japan and Hawaii, respectively. Blood pressure was the most important risk factor, followed by age for total stroke in both Japan and Hawaii. Proteinuria was also a risk factor in Hawaii. Conversely, an index of animal food intake was inversely related to total stroke, significantly in Hawaii, and at a suggestive level for total and hemorrhagic stroke in Japan.Since the levels of blood pressure do not differ between Japan and Hawaii, one possible explanation for the large difference in stroke incidence between the two cohorts may be the fact that animal protein and saturated fat intake, which is inversely associated with stroke incidence, is much greater in Hawaii than in Japan. This explanation would support epidemiologic and experimental studies in Japan which suggest that dietary animal protein and fat exert an inhibitory effect on the incidence of stroke.

ISSN:0039-2499    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This study of cerebrovascular lesions at autopsy among Hawaiian Japanese men identifies similar risks factors for cerebral infarction and hemorrhage that have been identified in a previous incidence study. Demonstrated differences were essentially the same whether subjects with these tissue changes were compared to men showing no central nervous system disease at autopsy or when they were compared with men still alive. Cerebral infarcts accompanied myocardial infarction (CHD) in 58% of autopsy cases and were associated with CHD risk factors (high serum cholesterol, hypertension, severe atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries and aorta). These associations did not persist when CHD cases were removed from the analysis, indicating there were two subsets of men with cerebral infarction. Hypertension was strongly associated with hemorrhagic disease, as were cigarette use and alcohol consumption. Stroke Vol 15, No I, 1984

ISSN:0039-2499    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A Japan Collaborative Study of Stroke covering 20 regional and occupational population groups was conducted with the support of the Ministry of Health and Welfare. In this study 17,423 males and 16,856 females, aged 40 to 69, were followed up prospectively from 1975 to 1979. The average annual incidence of all types of stroke was 3.94 for men and 2.52 for women per 1,000 population. The incidence of cerebral hemorrhage for men and women stood at 1.26 and 0.59 and that of cerebral infarction at 1.87 and 1.10 respectively. The difference in incidence between the sexes was large particularly in the age range of 40-49. The incidence of all types of stroke, cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction increased with age. The incidence of all strokes in Japan during the period 1975–1979 appears to have decreased in comparison with that in 1960–1969, but tended to be still higher than that in Western countries. Stroke Vol 15, No 1, 1984

ISSN:0039-2499    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Naloxone, an opiate antagonist, has recently been reported to temporarily reverse neurologic deficits associated with subarachnoid hemorrhage. To determine if this unexpected effect of naloxone might also occur in other forms of cerebrovascular diseases, 13 patients who presented with acute neurologic deficits were administered intravenous naloxone. In 3 of these patients, coincidental improvement in neurologic status was seen. In one patient the improvement was permanent. Ten of the 11 patients with non fatal neurologic damage improved later in their hospital course - 7 of them to their pre-admission state. The only side effect noted was the temporally related onset of a single focal seizure in an ethanol intoxicated patient with an intracerebral hemorrhage. Stroke Vol 15, No I, 1984

ISSN:0039-2499    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

In this study we assessed regional cerebral blood flow in patients with signs and symptoms of acute stroke using single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and N-isopropyl 1-123 p-iodoam- phetamine (IMP). Twenty-five patients with acute cerebral infarction had both IMP brain perfusion studies and CT scans performed within one week of each other; 22 had positive and three had negative perfusion studies. Of the 22 patients who had positive perfusion studies, six had negative CT studies initially. In the 16 patients who had abnormal CT studies, eight of the studies depicted areas of edema that were smaller than the perfusion deficits noted on the IMP studies and eight had areas of edema that were approximately equal in size to the perfusion defect. Of the three patients with normal IMP studies, two had normal CT studies and one had a positive CT study showing a 3-ram lacunar infarction. Using eight control patients, mean count rates per tissue volume normalized for the injected dose was calculated. Similarly, the quantitative data from regions of interest in the stroke patients were calculated and compared to the control patients or to a normal region in the uninvolved hemisphere in the same patients. SPECT with IMP was used to assess regional brain perfusion in acute cerebral infarction. Perfusion abnormalities were seen in our patients when the CT scan was normal, and quantitative data could be used to approximate regional cerebral blood flow in these patients when compared to the normal patient population. Stroke Vol 15, No I, 1984

ISSN:0039-2499    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Brain unidirectional extraction and flux of leucine were measured simultaneously with cerebral blood flow (CBF) at various times after transient global cerebral ischemia in the rat. The results permit an evaluation of blood-brain barrier permeability in the postischemic period independent of alter- ations in CBF at the time of measurement. Leucine extraction was higher (p< 0.001) than that of CBF- matched controls at 15 min and 6 hr after 30 min of global cerebral ischemia, but was not different from control at 30 min and 1 h after ischemia. Leucine flux into brain was increased only at 15 min after reperfusion of the brain.Cerebral edema occurs 15-30 min after reperfusion in this ischemia model, but the permeability of the blood-brain barrier to large molecules is unaltered during this period (Petito et al: J Neuropath Exp Neurol 41:423-436, 1982). Increased barrier permeability to small molecules such as leucine may contribute to the production of this early postischemic edema. Stroke Vol 15, No I. 1984

ISSN:0039-2499    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

To elucidate the connection between blood flow and the localized genesis and development of atherosclerosis and thrombosis at the human carotid artery bifurcation, detailed studies of the flow patterns and distributions of fluid velocity and wall shear rate in this region were carried out using a transparent segment of the carotid artery, prepared from a human subject postmortem, and cinemicro- graphic techniques.It was found that a recirculation zone which consisted of a pair of complex spiral secondary flows, symmetrical about the common median plane of the bifurcation, was formed in the carotid sinus over wide ranges of inflow Reynolds numbers, Re0, and flow rate ratios, Q|/Qo(internal/common). The formation and the size of the recirculation zone were largely dependent on Q|/Qo, as well as on Refl. The size of the recirculation zone increased from ˜ 4 mm at Reo = 300 to a maximum of ˜ 9 mm at Reo> 800. The results suggest that, under physiological conditions (Reo ˜ 600, Q|/Qo˜ 0.7), a standing recirculation zone exists in the carotid sinus, thereby affecting local mass transfer and interactions of blood cells with the vessel wall, which may lead to the incidence of atherosclerosis and thrombosis in this region. Stroke Vol 15. No I, 1984

ISSN:0039-2499    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Cerebral angiographic findings of 32 Japanese patients with carotid system TIA's were compared with those of an equal number of age and sex matched American Caucasians. The end points included irregularity, ulceration, stenosis or occlusion of the carotid artery appropriate to the side of TIA. Atherosclerotic changes were found in 27 patients (84.4%) of the Japanese and 30 patients (93.7%) of the American patients. Mild lesions (49% stenosis and below) were similar in either frequency of topography between both groups; namely 25 intracranial and 17 extracranial lesions in Japanese as well as 29 intracran- ial and 10 extracranial in Caucasian patients. There was, however, an extra-intracranial difference in severe lesions (50% stenosis and above) between American Caucasian and Japanese patients; 10 of 12 severe lesions in Japanese were located intracranially, while 17 of 20 severe lesions present in the American group occcurred in the extracranial portion of the internal or common carotid arteries. Stroke Vol 15, No 1. 1984

ISSN:0039-2499    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1984

数据来源: OVID