ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128640

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

We compared left lateral thoracotomy and sternotomy in rats which were mechanically ventilated for at least 1 h in order to perfect the technique and the surveillance of thoracic opening. Lateral thoracotomy proved to be superior to sternotomy as it was associated with a lower mortality within the first 24 h (20% compared with 50%; p < 0.05). Lateral thoracotomy causes a smaller reduction in mean blood pressure (104 ± 11 vs. 71 ± 7 mm Hg; mean ± SD; p < 0.05). Furthermore, following lateral thoracotomy, the rats had a higher postoperative PaO2 (77 ± 16 vs. 72 ± 7 Torr) and a lower PaC02 (29.5 ± 1.5 vs. 35 ± 4.3 Torr), although these differences were not statistically signi

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128441

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In a total of 18 ‘Göttingen’ mini-pigs we studied basal glucose in the peripheral plasma, and the hormones insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin in the peripheral and portal plasma, as well as in extracts of pancreatic tissue, both in animals subjected to pancreatic duct occlusion with prolamine (Occ pigs) 9 months previously and in controls. Additionally, in the pancreas the relative frequency of A-, B-, D- and PP-cells was determined by immunocytochemistry. In peripheral blood of Occ pigs glucose, insulin, and somatostatin were unchanged, while glucagon was decreased. Also after occlusion the portal plasma revealed an increase in insulin but unchanged glucagon and somatostatin, while in the pancreatic tissue insulin and glucagon were statistically unchanged, but somatostatin was reduced. The relative frequency of A-, B-, D- and PP-cells in the pancreatic islets was comparable in both control and Occ pigs. It is concluded that also in the pig pancreatic duct occlusion leads to atrophy of the exocrine pancreas, but leaves undisturbed basal blood glucose, insulin, glucagon and islet c

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128442

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128642

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128643

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A 50% small bowel bypass was performed in diabetic rats (streptozotocin-treated) and in normal rats. Normal rats and diabetic rats were used as controls. Values of fasting blood glucose and oral glucose tolerance test showed a normalization and the disappearance of glycosuria, polyuria, polydipsia and hyperphagia in diabetic rats after surgery. Mean loss of weight 3 months after surgery was 9.1 % in normal bypassed rats and 60.5% in the diabetic controls. After an initial postoperative weigth loss of 33.4%, the diabetic bypassed rats gained subsequently their previous weight plus an increase of 7.2%. Improvement in carbohydrate metabolism appears to be independent of loss of weight and decrease in food intake in lean diabetic rats. Amelioration of diabetes after jejunoileal bypass is the result of several metabolic consequences, particularly the malabsorption of carbohydrates, fats and amino acids.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128443

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128644

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The gastric acid secretion in the awake state of the pig was compared to that during halothane, chloralose, pentobarbital and etomidate anaesthesia. After collection of basal juice, acid secretion was stimulated with pentagastrin in the dosages of 0.25, 1.00 and 4.00 µg/kg/h. Halothane strongly inhibited acid secretion, whereas acid secretion during chloralose anaesthesia was enlarged by a factor 6 as compared to that of the awake animal. The mean acid output after receiving pentobarbital was close to that of the awake condition, but the interindividual variation was large. Nearly identical values for acid secretion were found during etomidate anaesthesia, but with much higher consistency in the results. Etomidate anaesthesia seems to be the most suitable method for measurements of gastric acid secretion during anaesthesia in the pig

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128444

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128645

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Transmucosal gastric potential difference (TGPD) was measured in the antrum and fundus of the stomach in two groups of rats submitted to hemorrhagic shock. In the first group the stomach contained 2 cm3 of 0.1 N HCl and in the second 2 cm3 of physiological saline. After the hemorrhage both antral and fundal TGPD diminished significantly in both groups. Antral TGPD dropped from –20 to –6 mV (p < 0.001) in the first group and from –22 to –12 mV (p < 0.01) in the second group; fundal TGPD dropped from –41 to –16 mV (p < 0.001) in the first group and from –40 to –17 mV (p < 0.05) in the second group. 20 min after reinfusion of blood extracted during the hemorrhage, both antral and fundal TGPD returned to normal values in the rats instilled with physiological saline, while in those treated with HCl TGPD values remained at levels significantly lower than the baseline values (in the antrum –10 mV, p < 0.001; in the fundus –25 mV, p < 0.02). Only those rats whose stomachs contained HCl developed ulcers, mainly located in the fundus of the stomach. These results suggest that the energy metabolism of the cells of the gastric mucosa undergoes constant alteration from the earliest stages of hemorrhagic shock. These alterations are greater in the fundus than in the antrum, a fact compatible with the greater incidence of ulcers in the fundus. It is probable that in the presence of HCl in the stomach, back-diffusion of H+ occurs, leading to the formation of ulcers, while the metabolic alterations occurring in the absence of acid prov

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000128445

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger