摘要:

A new method (type B) for isolation of canine islets was developed, utilizing intraductal collagenase perfusion, stationary digestion, filtration and tissue separation by means of a dextran density gradient. The results of this technique were compared with those of a previously established method (type A). Islets were autotransplanted either via the splenic or the portal vein. Lasting normoglycemia was obtained in 5/8 intrasplenic type B transplants (63%), 6/8 intrahepatic type B transplants (75%), 5/6 intrasplenic type A transplants (83%) and 0/3 intrahepatic type A transplants. No difference was found in metabolic parameters 2 weeks after successful transplantation following type A or B islet isolation. Islet yield was higher with type A and purification better with type B isolation. Both techniques are relatively simple and inexpensive. Because of its higher purification rate and the success of intrahepatic islet transplantation method B has replaced method A as the routine procedure in our laboratory.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000129075

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

We present a new technique for specific ex situ fluorescent staining of islets of Langerhans with neutral red. Depending on the concentration of neutral red (1 µg/ml), this technique allows the differentiation between exocrine and endocrine pancreatic tissue, according to differences in fluorescence intensity. Pancreatic islets can be stained not only in situ, but in particular ex situ after pancreas digestion. Since intravital staining of the pancreas in situ with neutral red is not applicable in human transplantation, the staining procedure ex situ may be a useful tool for islet purification by particle sorting, using a fluorescent-light-activated system; thus, a sufficient mass of purified islets for free transplantation may be isolated

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000129076

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

We conducted a cross-over single-dose pharmacokinetic study in 4 pigs to measure the bioavailability of ciclosporin (CS) after intravenous and intramuscular administration. Each animal was given 5 mg/kg i.v. followed by 20 mg/kg i.m. after 1 week. Serial blood samples were taken over 36 h after each dose, and the concentration of CS was assayed by radioimmunologic methods. The pharmacokinetic parameters after intravenous administration were (mean ± SD; n = 4): clearance = 327 ± 21 ml/h/kg; volume of distribution = 7.2 ± 2.8 liters/kg. The same parameters after intramuscular dosing were: clearance = 326 ± 59 ml/h/kg; volume of distribution = 6.9 ± 2.1 liters/kg. The percent bioavailability of intramuscular CS was 101.9 ± 13.3 with a mean absorption time of 10.6 ± 2.7 h. Our results indicate that following a single dose, the percent bioavailability of intramuscular CS in pigs is considerably greater than that reported in previous s

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000129077

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Orthotopic liver transplantation was performed in 20 pigs. Serum total bile acids (STBA) were determined and their profile compared with standard early function parameters: total bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and lactic acid. In phase I, the STBA level was 32.89 ± 1.29 µmol/l. In phase II, STBA accumulated to 84.46 ± 15.25 µmol/l (p < 0.01), followed by hepatic clearance in phase III (63.61 ± 9.71 µmol/l; NS). Between phase III and 6- and 12-hour samples, STBA decreased progressively, reaching values of 33.63 ± 7.05 µmol/l at 24 h. AST was elevated in phases I, II, III, and at 6, 12 and 24 h (p < 0.001), as was ALT (but with insignificant differences). Thus, STBA and their profile appear to be earlier and more specific indicators of early graft function than conventional par

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000129078

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000315814

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The effect of allopurinol was studied in a normothermic liver ischemia rat model. Functional (bile flow) and biochemical parameters (high-energy phosphates, ATP, ADP, AMP), energy charge, hypoxanthine and xanthine were determined prior to and during 60 min of ischemia followed by 120 min of reperfusion. Allopurinol given in the preischemic period (50%) and as a bolus (50%) prior to reperfusion improved liver function significantly, whereas allopurinol given in the preischemic period (50%) and after start of reperfusion (50%) had no effect. The data indicates that allopurinol given prior to reperfusion saved hypoxanthine which was used for ATP resynthesis during reperfusion.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000129079

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The effect of portacaval shunt (PCS) with and without hepatic arterialization (HA) upon the liver morphology, hemodynamics, and in relation to testicular weight, histology, and plasma sex steroid levels has been investigated in male rats. PCS rats showed a significant decrease in hepatic blood flow, body and liver weights, together with signs of severe hypogonadism. In contrast, in HA rats the increment in liver blood flow was associated with higher body and liver weights. In spite of total portal blood shunting, a beneficial effect on testicular morphology and an increase in plasma testosterone level were observed. In respect to plasma estradiol levels the intergroup differences could not be evaluated due to large individual variations. This was probably caused by the presence of cross-reactive plasma component(s) masking the level of endogenous estrogen. It is concluded that portosystemic shunting is not of primary importance in the etiology of PCS-related hypogonadism in the male.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000129080

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The effects of methylprednisolone (MP) on endotoxin-induced activation of complement were studied in citrated pool plasma. Complement activation was tested in two immunoassays: one evaluating C3 activation fragments (C3act) and the other the terminal complement complex (TCC). These components are indicators of initial and terminal complement activation, respectively. Plasma samples were obtained at 1 2, 4 and 6 h of incubation. Plasma containing endotoxin (2 · 109 ng/l) without MP revealed a marked increase of both C3act and TCC after 1 h. MP in high doses (10 mg/ml) gave an additive effect on activation of the initial part of the complement cascade compared to test plasma containing only endotoxin. In contrast, endotoxin-induced activation of the terminal part of the complement cascade was inhibited by the same dose of MP. The influence of lower doses of MP (0.1 and 1 mg/ml) on endotoxin-induced activation of complement was insignificant. Interestingly, MP without endotoxin induced activation of the initial part of complement. In test plasmas containing 5 and 10 mg/ml of MP (without endotoxin) marked increases of C3act values were seen. Despite this obvious activation of the early part of complement, only insignificant changes were found in TCC values. Test plasmas containing 0.1 and 1 mg/ml of MP revealed only minor changes in both C3act and TCC. In conclusion, the present study shows that high doses of MP activate the initial part of complement and that the endotoxin-induced activation of this cascade system was facilitated by MP. The terminal part of complement was, on the other hand, inhibited by high doses of MP

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000129081

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000315815

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The chemosensitivities of 18 estrogen-receptor-positive (ER+) tissues were compared with that of 38 estrogen-receptor-negative (ER–) tissues, using the in vitro succinate dehydrogenase inhibition test. These human breast tissues were exposed to six antitumor drugs: carboquone, adriamycin, mitomycin C, aclacinomycin A, cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil. Decrease in succinate dehydrogenase activity was noted in ER-compared to ER+ tissues, exposed to six antitumor drugs, in particular to adriamycin (p < 0.001) and aclacinomycin A (p < 0.05). The sensitive rates were higher in ER- than in ER+ tissues, against all six antitumor drugs. The resistance rates to all drugs tested were 25 % in ER- and 45 % in ER+ tissues. A higher chemosensitivity is associated with the absence of ER. It appeared that the ER status in case of breast cancer is an important predictor of the response to chemotherap

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000129082

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger