摘要:

The release profiles of interleukin 1 (Il-1) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) were studied during experimental Escherichia coli4 h) the Il-1 response. During peritonitis, a delayed (30 min) but otherwise similar Il-1-response was observed. TNF levels rose rapidly (+30 min) in all animals, and remained high throughout the experimental period (6 h). The trauma did not influence the TNF response. We conclude that a synergism exists between trauma and infection with regard to the magnitude of the Il-1 respon

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000129251

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups in which group 1 received a sham operation (controls), groups 2-5 underwent common bile duct ligation and transection 14 days before the experiments. Two days prior to the studies, animals in groups 1 and 2 received saline orally, while groups 3–5 received an oral administration of either cholic acid, deoxycholic acid or whole bile. Specimens were taken for bacterial culture, and blood was collected for endotoxin assay. The rate of positive bacterial cultures from mesenteric lymph nodes in jaundiced salinetreated animals was significantly higher (p < 0.05) as compared with both controls and the other jaundiced animals treated with either bile or bile acids. Assays were positive for endotoxin in the jaundiced salinetreated group, whereas they were negative in both controls and bile- or bile-acid-treated animals. We conclude that oral administration of cholic acid, deoxycholic acid or whole bile inhibited bacterial translocation and endotoxin absorption in obstructive jaundice in the ra

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000129252

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000315842

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Experimental ischemia of 15, 30, or 60min length, followed by 30 min of reperfusion, was produced in situ in the cat small intestine by means of an adjustable arterial clamp. Arterial perfusion pressure was lowered to such an extent that intestinal blood flow decreased from about 25 to 3.5 ml × min–1 × 100 g–1. The rate of free radical formation was followed intermittently with ESR and a modified spin trapping technique in the control period prior to ischemia and at various times during reperfusion. Upon reperfusion radical formation increased above the preischemic control value in all three series of experiments. Cumulative radical production during the 30 min reperfusion period rose from about 3 µmol × 100 g–1 after 15 min ischemia to approximately 4.5 µmol × 100 g–1after 30 min and 8-10 µmol × 100 g–1 after 60 or 120 min ischemia. At the same time mucosal damage became more pronounced, suggesting a causal connection between tissue damage and radical formation. More specifically, radical production was strongly correlated to histological damage occurring during reperfusion as seen when comparing radical production in animals not experiencing reperfusion damage to those who did. Radical formation in these two groups were 0.35 and 9.0 µmol × 100 g–1, resp

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000129253

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

To determine the effect of ischemia on tissue oxygenation and the healing of experimental wounds, chronic ischemia was induced in the ears of hairless mice by ligating 2 of the 3 main nutritional arteries. Tissue ischemia was verified by measurement of transcutaneous pO2 (tcp O2)prior to and on days 3, 6, 9,12 and 15 after vessel ligation. TcpO2values decreased from 24 to 6 mm Hg at day 2 after ligation, and slowly recovered to 12 mm Hg at day 12 after vessel ligation. In animals treated with the vasoactive drag buflomedil (3 mg/kg BW i.v., starting 2 days after vessel ligation) tcpO2values were significantly higher on days 6 and 9 when compared to saline-treated control animals. In order to find out whether the enhanced tissue oxygenation resulted in enhancement of healing of wounds, we created circular wounds (diameter = 2.5 mm, depth 0.1 mm) on ischemic ears 2 days after vessel ligation. The wound surface area was measured by means of intravital fluorescence microscopy and digital planimetry at 3-day intervals until the time of wound closure. These experiments were performed on buflomedil-treated and control animals receiving equivalent amounts of saline. The reduction of wound surface area was accelerated and wound closure time was reduced from 15 days in control animals to 12 days in buflomedil-treated animals (p < 0.01). Functional capillary density as well as the microhemodynamic parameters microvessel diameter and red blood cell velocity were not different between buflomedil-treated and control animals.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000129254

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000315843

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

This study was performed to evaluate the validity of the bursting strength test of experimental anastomoses. By a combination of measuring the intraluminal physiological pressure during the test procedure with a radiological detection of the anastomosed intestinal segment until disruption it was demonstrated that the bursting pressure is a meaningful parameter since the maximum pressure equals the time of anastomotic leak. At day 6 60% of the tested segments disrupted outside the anastomotic line. This indicates that the bursting strength test is not a valid measure for determining the strength of colonic anastomoses after the 4th to 5th postoperative day. Moreover, the bursting wall tension parameter was evaluated. Assessment of the anastomotic radius demonstrated significant differences when the anastomotic radius at disruption was determined from the amount of inflated contrast compared with the radius detected radiologically. These differences had the effect that the wall tension at burst compared with the wall tension determined from direct radius measurement on day 4 was 61 % higher than the wall tension determined from the amount of inflated contrast with no correction for elongation of the tested segment, and 36% higher than the wall tension determined from the amount of inflated contrast and corrected for elongation of the segment. No differences in the bursting strength were found between inflation rates of 2.5 and 5.0 ml·min–1. In conclusion, the bursting strength test is a meaningful parameter since the maximum physiological pressure equals the time of anastomotic radiological disruption, and the bursting pressure is a more exact parameter for measuring the bursting strength than the bursting wall tensi

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000129255

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The myoelectric activity of 25-30 cm ileal loops interposed isoperistaltically or antiperistaltically between colon and rectum was investigated 1-3 and 20-22 weeks after surgery, in growing pigs chronically fitted with intraparietal electrodes on the loop and the ileum. The fundamental motor profile of the small intestine consisting of migrating myoelectric complexes (MMC) was present on both loops; the MMCs were propagated on the antiperistaltic loop in the original anatomical direction. There was no coordination between the occurrence of phase 3 on the loop and the ileum. Some minor differences concerning the duration, the frequency and the velocity of propagation of phase 3 were observed between the loops and the ileum. Moreover propagated clusters of spike bursts and propagated long duration spike bursts appeared on the isoperistaltic and antiperistaltic loop, respectively, but not on the ileum. No prominent differences in the motor profiles of the loops have been observed between 1 -3 and 20-22 weeks after surgery. It is concluded that despite the presence of semisolid contents with an abundant microflora the fundamental intestinal motor profile persists in ileal loops interposed between colon and rectum.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000129256

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000315844

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Synthetic neurotensin (NT) was infused intracerebroventricularly in 14 mongrel dogs to study the effects of the peptide on gastric secretion and on gastrin and NT levels. The infusion was performed with a specific apparatus, and gastric fluid was collected with a Pavlov pouch. NT was given in two series of experiments: as a bolus intracerebroventricular injection of 269.8 pmol/kg and as a continuous intracerebroventricular infusion at a rate of 539.6 pmol/kg/h for 30 min. The bolus injection caused a very significant decrease of gastric fluid volume, a significant decrease of HC1 output and a significant increase of its pH, while serum immunoreactive gastrin increased significantly. The continuous infusion of NT caused similar changes in gastric secretion. The plasma NT levels did not change. In conclusion, the intracerebroventricular administration of NT increases the serum gastrin levels, decreases the volume and HC1 content of gastric fluid, and increases its pH.

ISSN:0014-312X    

DOI:10.1159/000129257

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger