ISSN:0894-9115    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A 35-item questionnaire was designed to assess the relative importance of various factors to medical students when ranking physical medicine and rehabilitation (PM&R) residency training programs. The questionnaire was used to assess the relative importance of the various factors to three groups of medical students: those who interviewed, those who matched and those who were listed on the match list of the UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School (NJMS) Department of PM&R, as well as to our current residents. Recipients were asked to grade selection factors based on a numerical scale: 1, extremely important; 2, very important; 3, important; 4, minimally important; 5, not important.A response rate of 100% (n=72 medical students + 25 residents) was attained. The analysis indicates that, overall, there is no significant difference in ranking of the factors by each of the four groups. However, the medical students who recently matched with the UMDNJ-NJMS PM&R program rated the opportunity to conduct research significantly higher than the current house staff or the medical students on the entire match list. This is a desirable result, as the program strives to provide an environment that is conducive to the growth of research and academic physiatrists. This questionnaire could also be used by other residency training directors to guide the development of their program and to gain valuable information regarding the perception of their program among in-coming residents and the importance of various factors to the students interested in their program.

ISSN:0894-9115    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Twenty-five spinal cord-injured (SCI) males and 25 normal volunteers were studied for their scrotal and thigh temperatures by using contact liquid crystal thermography. The initial temperature was recorded after transfer and disrobing which took about 2 minutes. Later temperature was recorded 10 minutes after exposing the genitalia to room air (20-22°C). The initial scrotal and thigh temperatures of SCI subjects were significantly higher than those of normal volunteers (32.8 ± 0.8° C v 31.6 ± 0.4° C; 32.9 ± 0.8° C v 31.7 ± 0.4° C, respectively,P< 0.001), although their rectal temperatures were not different. The scrotal and thigh hyperthermia of SCI subjects disappeared after 10 minutes of exposure to room air. There was no significant difference between scrotal and thigh temperatures in either the SCI subjects or the normal volunteers in the later temperature reading. Sitting in a wheelchair for 2 hours results in an increase of average 0.8° C of scrotal and thigh temperature in five normal volunteers. Our study suggests that scrotal hyperthermia of SCI subjects is mainly the result of local factors such as a prolonged sitting position, adduction of the thighs, the cushion's insulating effect and infrequent movement of the buttocks. Adequate ventilation of the scrotal area can overcome the impaired scrotal heat dissipation of SCI subjects. Liquid crystal thermography is a useful, noninvasive method for detecting hyperthermia in SCI subjects.

ISSN:0894-9115    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Anodal block and stimulation are poorly documented electrophysiologic phenomenon. Median and superficial radial nerves are examined in a prospective study to explore the significance of anodal block in routine nerve conduction studies. In addition, the anode's ability to stimulate the peripheral nervous system is evaluated. A monopolar stimulation technique is employed to achieve pure anode-generated responses. Additionally, a similar monopolar cathode stimulation technique is utilized and found to be equivalent to the traditional bipolar cathode stimulation. Based on the findings in this investigation, anodal block does not appear to occur during routine nerve conduction studies; however, transposition of the anode and cathode is clinically significant because the increased distance between the cathode and recording electrode results in predictably prolonged latencies. With higher levels of stimulus intensity, sensory, motor and F wave responses are generated by anodal stimulation in all cases. The actual mechanism of anodal stimulation remains uncertain and requires further study. Predicated on the results of this investigation, it appears that anodal block is an unlikely occurrence during routine electrodiagnostic medicine evaluations.

ISSN:0894-9115    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The peak amplitude of the M response from the extensor digitorum longus muscle (EDL) was measured in 26 healthy subjects (12 women and 14 men, aged 19 to 45 years) using conventional peroneal nerve stimulation at the fibular head. The mean amplitude of the EDL was 6.5 mV (±1.3 mV) and 6.1 mV (±1.2 mV) for the right and left sides, respectively. The side to side difference in amplitude of the M response was 0.4 mV (±1.1 mV). Twenty-five of the twenty-six subjects had side to side amplitude differences within two standard deviations of the mean. None of the subjects had an EDL amplitude from the right lower limb over 1.8 mV less than that of the left, nor an EDL amplitude from the left lower limb over 2.8 mV less than that of the right.The technique used in the present study allows an accurate assessment of the M response amplitude from the EDL muscle. These reference data should prove useful in the evaluation of early focal nerve root injury (e.g. after 4 days, within 3 weeks) and in establishing prognosis for recovery in such conditions.

ISSN:0894-9115    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Electromagnetic stimulation has been used to excite tracts in the human motor cortex, but little has been done to study inhibitory effects. In three normal subjects we have noted that an electromagnetic stimulation applied to the motor cortex during maximum voluntary contraction produces silent periods lasting up to 300 ms in the contralateral abductor pollicis brevis. Duration of the silent period is directly proportional to the intensity of the stimulus. Abductor hallucis has similar silent periods lasting 150 to 200 ms, although proximal upper and lower limb muscles have shorter silent periods. F and H waves are easily elicited during this silent period suggesting that the a motoneuron is still excitable. This silent period may result, at least in part, from a synchronous volley of inhibitory postsynaptic potentials induced by the electromagnetic stimulator at the cortical level. This technique may prove useful in further delineating cortical inhibitory function.

ISSN:0894-9115    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

After amputation for arterial occlusive disease of the lower limbs, healing and local adaptation to a prosthesis depend on the oxygen ratio in the tissue. Transcutaneous oxygen tension (TcPo2) is a noninvasive microcirculatory exploration. Forty six below-knee stumps were selected without any prosthetic problem excepting vascular, with a follow-up mean duration of 23 months. They were classified into different prosthetic categories. The first was the worst because it required further amputation on the thigh and the fourth the best, which displayed complete adaptation to a socket contact. These groups were related to their TcPo2values on the anterior and exterior face of the stumps in both reclined and seated positions. It seems that it is impossible to achieve healing when the TcPo2value is lower than 15 mm Hg in lying position. However, healing is possible above 20 mm Hg but socket contact is not possible when TcPo2values are under 40 mm Hg. When TcPo2values are above 40 mm Hg, a good prosthesis fitting is possible when no problems are encountered other than vascular ones.

ISSN:0894-9115    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0894-9115    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

We performed electrophysiologic evaluation in three adult patients with diagnosis of tethered cord syndrome confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging. In addition to lower motor neuron lesion signs in the lumbar and sacral myomeres we noticed shortened latencies for the H and bulbocavernosus reflexes. H reflex latencies ranged from 23.3 to 26.0 ms; bulbocavernosus reflex latencies ranged from 18.2 to 20.2 ms. The low location of the conus medullaris accounts for the shortening of the monosynaptic H reflex and for a part of the shortening of the polysynaptic bulbocavernosus reflex, anoxia of the conus being probably another important factor. In the absence of previous description of alternative pathology accountable for such a shortening, our observations suggest that shortened sacral reflex latencies might be specific of the tethered cord syndrome.

ISSN:0894-9115    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0894-9115    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID