ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1986.tb00172.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The health of Aboriginal Australians remains poor despite improvements over the past decade. Aboriginal life expectancy is at least 20 years less than that of the Australian population overall. The wastage of fetal and infant life is three times that of non‐Aborigines.1Available data on Aboriginal childhood morbidity indicates a seemingly unchanging pattern of ill‐health; poor growth performance with widespread mild‐to‐moderate protein‐energy malnutrition2and high prevalance rates for infections of the upper and lower respiratory tract,3,4gastrointestinal tract,5eyes6and skin.7We may have reached a state of diminished returns where blind expenditure on health delivery will not secure any major imp

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1986.tb00173.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

If a man eat garlick (sic), onions, fast overmuch, study too hard, be over sorrowful, dull, heavy, dejected in mind, perplexed in his thoughts,… (his) children will be much subject to madness and sorrow. Robert Burton,The Anatomy of Melancholy(162

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1986.tb00174.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1986.tb00175.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTNon‐gonococcal ophthalmia neonatorum was the first recognized manifestation of sexually transmitted chlamydial infection and for many years it was thought to be the only manifestation in infants born to infected mothers. In the 20 years since techniques for isolation ofChlamydia trachomatisin cell culture were described, many important effects of chlamydial infection, including afebrile pneumonia in infants, have been established. Prospective studies have determined the incidence of chlamydial infection in pregnant women and the risk of transmission of infection to their infants. They have shown that these are among the commonest perinatal infections. It is estimated that at least 1% of infants in this community have chlamydial conjunctivitis and up to 5/1000 will develop pneumonia. Chlamydial infections are characterized by a subacute onset and, without appropriate treatment, a prolonged course. Although they are rarely fatal, symptoms are sometimes severe and there may be long‐term sequelae. The recent development of rapid and relatively inexpensive methods for direct detection of chlamydiae in clinical specimens will facilitate the diagnosis and treatment of infections in infa

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1986.tb00176.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1986.tb00177.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThis paper compares the lengths of hospital‐stay of Aboriginal and non‐Aboriginal children in Western Australia and the Northern Territory over the past few years. The comparison yields two trends: (1) Aboriginal children stay longer in hospital than do non‐Aboriginal children; (2) within each racial group, children stay longer in hospital in the Northern Terrritory than in Western Australia. By‐and‐large, these trends continue irrespective of age, sex, diagnostic category. hospital and usual piece of residence. It appears that factors In addition to high rates of infectious disease, severity of illness and remoteness of home address affect length of hospital stay. Two organizational factors are suggested: (1) the latent, working logic of service institutions such as public hospitals and (2) the tendency of government to institutionalize impoverished people. It is concluded however, that as health care becomes holistic and more the responsibility of Aboriginal people, there is every reason to predict a decrease in the lengths of hospital stay of Aboriginal

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1986.tb00178.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTComplaints of sleeping difficulties in a large group of New Zealand children were studied prospectively over four years from 5 to 9 years of age. No association was found between sleeping difficulties and the sex, intelligence, or educational attainments of the child. Mothers who described their child as anxious or who were poor sleepers themselves, tended to report sleeping problems in their child more frequently. There was no association between sleeping problems and teacher ratings of behaviour problems. Children who reported sleep problems also tended to report other problems. There was low agreement between parents and children. Only 0.3% of the total sample had a problem which persisted over the whole period.

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1986.tb00179.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThirty‐six children with suspected gastrointestinal hypersensitivity to cow's milk protein were investigated before and after challenge with cow's milk protein by one or more of four tests of gut function: the appearance of small bowel mucosa, mucosal disaccharidase levels, a 1‐h blood‐xylose test, and a 50 g‐lactose breath‐hydrogen test. These tests were not always abnormal in children who had definite adverse reactions to milk. Conversely changes were seen in some with negative milk challenges. Although small bowel biopsy, assessment of disaccharidase activity and perhaps the breath‐hydrogen test have an importannt place in the pre‐challenge assessment to exclude other causes of gastrointestinal symptoms, these gut function tests and the 1‐h xylose test done following milk provocation do not appear to have any advantage over careful clini

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1986.tb00180.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTTwelve children with asthma and persistent airflow obstruction were studied to determine the degree and duration of bronchodilation achieved following oral fenoterol compared to oral salbutamol. Each child received oral fenoterol, oral salbutamol or placebo in a randomized double‐blind manner and pulmonary function was recorded up to 6 h after the dose. The baseline FEV1, did not differ between the three groups. The responses to oral fenoterol and salbutamol, measured as the percentage change from the baseline FEV1, were significantly greater from 1 to 6 h after treatment compared with responses to placebo but there were no significant differences in the responses to the two active medications. It is concluded that, using the manufacturers' recommended doses, there is no difference between oral fenoterol and oral salbutamol in term of their bronchodilator effectiveness and duration of actio

ISSN:1034-4810    

DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1754.1986.tb00181.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY