ISSN:0898-5669    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

PurposeThis study was designed to determine whether supine positioning of infants born preterm in a hammock instead of the prone position affects their neuromuscular maturity, growth, and autonomic stability.MethodsTwenty healthy infants who were born premature with very low birth weight (VLBW) (<1500 g) were randomized into two groups. Subjects were pair-matched for weight (difference less than 100 g), gestational age (difference less than eight days), and postnatal age (difference less than eight days). Ten infants were placed supine in a hammock for three hours daily for ten consecutive days, and ten infants were maintained nested in the prone position. Neuromuscular maturity (based on three neurological parameters adopted from the Ballard examination), heart rate, respiratory rate, and weight gain (g/cal) were compared between the groups.ResultsCompared with nested prone positioning, supine positioning in a hammock was associated with a higher neuromuscular maturity score (p< 0.003) and a more relaxed condition, as expressed by lower heart rate and respiratory rate (p< 0.05 andp< 0.01, respectively).ConclusionsMaintaining infants who were born preterm with VLBW in the supine position in a hammock may positively affect their autonomic stability and neuromuscular maturity.

ISSN:0898-5669    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between both use of infant equipment and play positions and motor development of infants born preterm who were classified as high risk. Subjects were 60 parent-infant dyads attending a developmental follow-up clinic.MethodsParents reported the duration of infant equipment use and the predominant positions in which their infants played in the previous month. Infants were assessed using the Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS).ResultsEquipment use was not related to motor development; however, the duration of carrying was negatively related to the sit subscale of the AIMS (r= −0.31,p< 0.05). As a group, the infants in this sample spent more time in the relatively less active play positions of sitting and supine than in the positions of prone and standing.ConclusionsTherapists should consider the use of equipment and specific play positions to enhance motor development of infants born preterm and work with parents to promote an understanding of the importance of providing their infants with opportunities to develop early motor competencies.

ISSN:0898-5669    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to examine changes in item-specific functional activities and caregiver support in children and youths with acquired brain injury (ABI) in an inpatient setting using the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI).MethodsThe PEDI was administered by therapy staff at admission and discharge to a consecutive sample of 94 children and youths with brain injury (62 males and 32 females; age range = one to 19 years of age) admitted to the inpatient service at Franciscan Children's Hospital and Rehabilitation Center during a two-year, 10-month period. Individual PEDI item scores were abstracted from the medical records.ResultsUsing the Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test (two-tailed), significant differences between admission and discharge scores were found for most mobility, self-care, and social activity item groups and for all domains of caregiver support. Patterns of activity-specific improvements were contrasted between children with traumatic ABI and those with nontraumatic ABI.ConclusionsRecovery in children with ABI can be detected during inpatient rehabilitation across many areas of functioning as represented by item content of the PEDI. Changes at the item level may serve as a guide for defining specific physical therapy goals for inpatient episodes. Item groups in which changes are not detected provide information about sections of the PEDI that are less relevant for hospital-based recovery of children with ABI.

ISSN:0898-5669    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

PurposeThis study compares the attitudes of parents and early intervention (EI) providers concerning the effectiveness of family-centered services, identifies factors associated with parental satisfaction, and describes providers’ perceptions of obstacles in forming collaborative relationships with families.MethodsA cross-sectional study was used to assess providers’ (N= 11) and parents’ (N= 18) perceptions of EI services. Participants completed a questionnaire including basic demographics, services received, and perceived effectiveness in the delivery of services. Participants also completed a modified version of the Project Dakota assessment of program effectiveness in meeting the needs of families.ResultsEighty-seven percent of parents were satisfied with their EI programs, with lesser parental satisfaction noted in learning how to develop strategies and set goals, strategies to discipline and set limits, and available community resources. Providers’ overall satisfaction was 99%. Providers felt they needed more development in building parent networks and helping parents value the time their child spends with children without delays.ConclusionsThe results of this study are consistent with previous literature and suggest that the attitudes of parents and professionals regarding program effectiveness are similar.

ISSN:0898-5669    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to determine the motor control issues, motor learning differences, and secondary impairments of children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) and to explore physical therapists’ contribution to their early management.Summary of Key PointsDCD is a condition involving limitations in gross motor, postural, and/or fine motor performance that is not attributable to other neurological disorders. Manifestation is varied across children and depends, in part, on their level of anticipatory motor control, response to specific task demands, and ability to attend to feedback to obtain flexible, adaptive movement solutions. Children with DCD rely primarily on vision for feedback, frequently use “fixing” strategies, and exhibit limited motor repertoires. As a result of their movement problems, they tend to avoid physical activity and are prone to secondary impairments, including decreased strength and power.Clinical Implications and RecommendationsPhysical therapists can 1) use their keen observational skills to identify children with DCD earlier in life and 2) use their knowledge of the secondary impairments and movement difficulties to work with families to engage children in continuous movement activities to maintain strength and power and thus obtain the physical, social, and psychosocial benefits of physical activity.

ISSN:0898-5669    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0898-5669    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0898-5669    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0898-5669    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0898-5669    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2003

数据来源: OVID