摘要:

This paper introduces the Special Issue onThe social context of emotion.The contributions are discussed in relation to social constructionist approaches to emotion. This collection of papers demonstrates that, while the constructionist approach is useful in reminding us of the importance of the social context in the production of emotion and also as part of the emotional experience, its tendency to proscribe most methodologies would hinder rather than promote our understanding of emotional phenomena.

ISSN:0144-6665    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8309.1988.tb00800.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Within social psychology emotion has been studied either as a collection of discrete states or as the product of the cognitive interpretation of arousal. These traditions have accepted that feeling resides inside individuals and is controlled by social structures. This paper argues an alternative position; that emotion is expressive of the relationship of individuals to society. Insofar as individual feeling is subject to articulation it has form; to the extent that social systems are value‐laden they embody feeling. Using these arguments a conceptual framework is outlined within which emotion is treated as a universal feature of the coordination of individual and social life, within which its degree and form of expression can be understood. From this perspective, questions of the mode of articulation of feeling, the legitimacy of emotional expression and the place of mental and physical imagery in affective settings become central to an understanding, not only of particular emotions, but of social relations in genera

ISSN:0144-6665    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8309.1988.tb00801.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper is in three sections—theory, method and data. We consider that emotions are socially constructed, and begin with an interpretation of social constructionism as it applies to emotion. The conclusion drawn from the analysis of theories from a variety of disciplines is that it is important to incorporate and extend the notion of appraisal into a study of emotion. This notion is prominent in the cognitive approach and the social constructionist approach allows the cognitive and social views of emotion to be integrated.This approach enabled us to examine the process whereby individuals engage with each other, and hence with the social structures, in their construction of emotions. We employed a method ‘memory‐work’ which uses written memories as source material. This is discussed at some length since it is integrated within a theory of socialization which is closely related to social constructionism.Finally, we present an analysis of some data which illustrate and demonstrate the processes involved in constructing emotion. Our work confirms and extends the social constructionist view. Paradoxically, in highlighting the notion of agency, we stress the essentially social nature of the individual and overcome some of the problems which arise in methods which examine only the individual or the

ISSN:0144-6665    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8309.1988.tb00802.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Are emotions essentially an individual‐subjective phenomenon, or are they broader in scope? Do emotions mainly represent what the individual feels ‘inside’ or do they also carry implications for the social context? Questions such as these were in the background of the present research that has examined the way emotions are viewed, understood, and experienced by young and older adult men and women (ranging in age from 18 to 50) in two cultural environments, Germany and the US. Overall, the results revealed distinctly different patterns of age and sex differences in the evaluation and experience of emotions for Americans and Germans. In addition, the study identified specific emotions (e.g. gratitude, despair, rage) that seem to have different connotations and associations for individuals in the two cultural groups. Interpretation of the findings emphasizes connections between the emotional life and emotional understanding of the individual and broad sociocultural themes. It is argued that social context is an important feature of emotion requiring more extensive consideration is psychological theory and research on em

ISSN:0144-6665    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8309.1988.tb00803.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This experiment tests a rule‐role model of accounting for angry aggression. The hypothesis, derived from Averill's (1984) rule model of anger, is that people with stronger norms against aggression will account for their own angry aggression by interpreting it as a passion, that is as externally caused and uncontrollable, more than people with weaker norms against aggression. It was also hypothesized that sex role would affect interpretations. Women are believed to have stronger norms against aggression. Would they therefore account for angry aggression by presenting it as externally caused and uncontrollable more than men. Subjects (n= 45, 23F and 22M), were asked to evaluate an angry incident as if they had taken part in it themselves. Women judged more normative conflict about the episode than men, but had low consensus in using passion schemas (identified by multiple regression). Men had high consensus in using passion schemas. A control condition in which the protagonist wept was carried out (n= 43, 21F and 22M). In this condition there was some consensus among women in using a passion scheme but none among men. It must be concluded that sex role constrains the appropriateness of the accounting strategy use

ISSN:0144-6665    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8309.1988.tb00804.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Two studies tested the hypothesis that self‐reports of emotional experiences contain components of impression‐management and self‐deception. In study 1, subjects provided retrospective self‐reports of the frequency, intensity and duration of 14 positive and 14 negative emotions. Subjects also completed measures of impression‐management and self‐deception. Correlational analyses confirmed that the impression‐management and self‐deception measures were correlated significantly with the reported frequency, intensity and duration of the negative emotions. Self‐deception, but not impression‐management, was correlated with ratings of the positive emotions. The self‐report biases associated with negative emotions were further investigated in study 2. Correlations were computed among measures of impression‐management, self‐deception and dimensions of anger. Consistent with study 1, the results showed that impression‐management and self‐deception scores are correlated significantly with self‐reported dimensions of anger. The need for a self‐presentational approach to the study of

ISSN:0144-6665    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8309.1988.tb00805.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study examined the impact of subjects' moods on their compliance with simple messages. It was predicted and found that recipients of messages: (1) complied more when in a happy mood than when in a neutral state, and (2) complied less when in an angry mood than when in a neutral state. These effects were observed both when high and low pressure messages were used. Possible boundary conditions for the observed effects are discussed.

ISSN:0144-6665    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8309.1988.tb00806.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In this paper we take a discrete emotions approach to personality development. We suggest that individual differences in affective organization, acquired during the course of development, result in affect‐specific biases in expressive patterns and idiosyncratic perceptual organizations. These affective biases, which have a pervasive influence on a wide domain of individual and interpersonal behaviours, contribute to psychological continuities that we identify as emotional traits. An array of data in support of this proposition is detailed. We propose a developmental model of how such affective organizations may be established initially, and the mechanisms by which they become consolidated over time. A final section discusses broader implications for developmental theor

ISSN:0144-6665    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8309.1988.tb00807.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY