ISSN:1525-3279    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2002

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Until recently care settings for those with Alzheimer's disease have not focused on the outside environment and the need to encourage older adults to spend time outside in fresh air and sunshine. Safe, secure outside spaces encourage walking and other forms of exercise and, in addition, offer beneficial exposure to increased natural light levels. Gardens and other outdoor settings provide many opportunities for socialization, sensory stimulation, fun, and meaningful activities. Designing the outside environment has been an overlooked opportunity to create meaningful places that are rich in association, encourage good health and exercise, and are responsive to the magic of the changing seasons.

ISSN:1525-3279    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2002

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

In spite of considerable interest and anecdote, the degree to which plants, animals, and children are present in long-term care, and the impact of these interventions on resident outcomes, has received relatively little empirical attention. As part of a longitudinal study of 193 residential care/assisted living (RC/AL) facilities and 40 nursing homes (NHs) in four states, the presence of plants, animals, and children in study facilities was assessed, and nearly 3000 subjects were followed longitudinally for a year. Data were analyzed to identify the relationship of plants, animals, and children to mortality, hospitalization, and the rate of resident decline in activities of daily living (ADLs). The majority of both RC/AL and NH facilities provided their residents with little or no contact with plants, animals, or children. In longitudinal analyses, the presence of plants was associated with 4 unfavorable and 1 favorable outcome (out of 24 comparisons made), the presence of animals was associated with 3 favorable and no unfavorable outcomes (out of 24), and the presence of children was associated with no significant outcomes. While the study had limitations, the trend for animals and not plants to be associated with favorable outcomes may represent a true effect based on interactions between animals and residents. The lack of results regarding children may be due to the overall low prevalence of child-resident interactions.

ISSN:1525-3279    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2002

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This study developed and tested an intervention to promote use of preserved abilities in oral care among nursing home (NH) residents with dementia. Changes were made to environmental support for oral care and in how nursing staff provided oral care. Five NH residents participated. Changes in oral care independence and oral hygiene adequacy were assessed. Four (of 5) participants were more independent in key, “in-the-mouth” oral care tasks. Oral hygiene ratings improved 47% (±27%). All residents responded positively to the intervention. Although some staff complained initially, most embraced the changes after trying them.

ISSN:1525-3279    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2002

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

ADA accessibility guidelines are based primarily on the capabilities of young people with disabilities and, as such, may not compensate adequately for the range of physical and cognitive disabilities that are common among older adults. This article reviews findings from several studies of toilet transfer that not only suggest that ADA accessibility guidelines (ADAAG) for toilet and grab bar configurations do not meet the needs of older adults, but that other, non-ADAAG compliant designs are better suited for an older population.

ISSN:1525-3279    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2002

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Environmental design can be a prominent factor in behavioral outcomes for people with dementia. Despite a decline in the use rate of nursing homes by persons 65 years and older, frequent predictors of nursing home placement include cognitive impairment and difficulty with at least two activities of daily living (ADLs). Bathing and toileting present special challenges when caring for residents with dementia in various care settings. This article describes the design of private bathrooms in a new dementia-specific, assisted-living facility and how postoccupancy evaluation guided the design for a similar facility at another location. Initial program objectives, design interventions, and outcomes for residents and staff are presented. Design changes implemented at the second site are described.

ISSN:1525-3279    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2002

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Creating a successful bathing experience for the individual with Alzheimer's disease often represents one of a caregiver's most challenging activities. It also requires major rethinking about current bathing room design. In an environment where virtually every waking hour is a communal experience, the bath experience can and should provide a time for individual attention. In designing this space, the more we realize how seemingly insignificant items can make a significant difference, the more we transform the bathing environment into a welcoming, highly personalized space where the expectation is for nurturing, increased personal attention, pampering, and sensitivity in attending to personal care needs. This visually and emotionally supportive space acknowledges the need for good hygiene and the equally important emotional needs of the individual to feel safe and cared for. We literally change the experience and send a personalized message.

ISSN:1525-3279    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2002

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

As human experience happens within the context of places, places can serve as a tool in understanding personal life experiences. Personal place-related experiences can be used to reconnect with people with dementia to their past. Information about past places, such as childhood homes, neighborhoods, and schools, as well as homes in early adulthood, is a potential resource for understanding the person behind the symptoms of dementia. In this study, place-biosketches of residents with dementia were developed based on interviews with the family members. A staff survey was conducted to assess the potential utility of the residents' place-biosketches in understanding the residents' personal life histories and programming activities that may be meaningful for them.

ISSN:1525-3279    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2002

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

When nursing home residents with dementia are unable to locate their own room, it can create a variety of problems for residents and staff. Behavioral assessments were conducted with 40 residents to identify which residents had difficulty locating their room. Several residents were identified as able to respond to a request to locate their room but unable to consistently locate their own room. A multiple baseline design experiment was conducted with six residents to evaluate the impact of placing a portrait-like photograph and personal memorabilia in a display case outside each participant's room. Mean room finding increased by 45%, suggesting that the intervention increased room finding.

ISSN:1525-3279    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2002

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Most nursing home residents with dementia live in areas of the facility that house residents with a range of cognitive abilities, including those who are cognitively intact. The challenge is to create environments that provide privacy, opportunity for movement, and safety for all residents using the least restrictive methods possible. Achieving privacy in a multiple occupancy room is a challenge, but the first step is to acknowledge that each resident has a defined private area in their room that should be acknowledged and respected. Unwanted intrusion can reduce quality of life for the residents. The goal is to create barriers on a continuum using the least restrictive method possible to ensure privacy and safety for all residents. It is possible to provide maximal privacy, moderate barriers, and minimal intrusion on units that are not locked Special Care Units.

ISSN:1525-3279    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2002

数据来源: OVID