摘要:

ABSTRACTAn examination is presented of lexicological and etymological aspects of Russian terminology for wheat species, rye and some related crops, including wheat‐rye hybrids, in relation to the early development of cereal cultivation, especially in areas of the former U.S.S.R. In examining the origin of the words concerned, the influence of some cereal names on one another is indicated, together with cases in which the earliest names were supersede

ISSN:0079-1636    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-968X.1994.tb00425.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThis paper presents diachronic evidence from four modern German dialects against Anderson's (1982) formal dichotomy between inflection and derivation, otherwise known as the ‘Split Morphology Hypothesis’ (SMH). It examines the relative productivity of analogical umlaut rules (i.e. the analogical fronting of back vowels in morphologically complex forms leading to the creation of new ‘phonemes’) in a number of inflectional and derivational categories and demonstrates that these rules are either (i) productive in inflection and derivation, (ii) productive in inflection and diminutive nouns but sporadic in derivation or (iii) productive only in diminutive nouns. As a marker of noun plurals, analogical umlaut is lexically conditioned. On the basis of this evidence, it is argued that the productivity of analogical umlaut is determined by semiotically‐based parameters, including the semantic transparency of the relation between base and derivative and the uniformity and transparency of the formal means used to mark morphologically complex forms, all of which interact to determine the overall perceptual saliency of particular alternat

ISSN:0079-1636    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-968X.1994.tb00426.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThis paper demonstrates the existence in Sogdian, a Middle Iranian language belonging to the Eastern Iranian sub‐group, of ‘second person’ demonstratives based on the stemsš‐andt‐, sometimes represented by the Aramaic ideograms 'LHand 'LK. It is argued that Sogdianš‐andt‐, like the Khotanese demonstratives based on the suppletive stemssa‐andtta‐, derive from Old Iranianaiša‐andta‐, which were combined into a suppletive system by contamination ofaiša‐/aita‐‘this’ and the neutral demonstrativeha‐/ta‐. The triple system of deixis attested by Sogdiany‐/m‐‘hic’,š‐/t‐‘iste’, andx‐/w‐‘ille’ survives in some modern East Iranian languages, w

ISSN:0079-1636    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-968X.1994.tb00427.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTIn this paper I try to relate a problem in the history of literary style to wider issues in the theory of language change. The stylistic question I address concerns the historical origin of empathetic narrative (Bally'sstyle indirect libre). I contest the standard account, which associates its first appearance with the nineteenth‐century novel, and argue instead for a linguistic origin in the everyday use of shifted (empathetic) deictics and for a historical origin in the emergence of modern subjectivity in seventeenth‐century epistemology. I propose a quantificational method for comparing the incidence of empathetic narrative in texts and a theory ofstylisationto account for its progressive development across a historical corpus. The paper's interest to non‐literary readers lies, on the level of data, in the evidence it presents of the use of tense‐adverb combinations as an exponent of aspect and, on the level of theory, in its challenge to Traugott's account of the role of subjectivisation in language

ISSN:0079-1636    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-968X.1994.tb00428.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY