ISSN:0896-5846    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0896-5846    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Serious analytic errors in potassium measurements have been Identified in blood specimens obtained from newly inserted central catheters. Erroneous elevated readings have been related to interactions of chemistry analyzer electrodes and substances fixed to external and intraluminal walls of the central catheter. Anecdotal summaries of this phenomenon are presented to enable the nurse to recognize potential problems when sampling blood from central catheters. Studies were performed to determine the amount of flush necessary to clear the catheter of interfering residue. To eliminate this potentially hazardous occurrence, recommended flush volumes, nursing implications, and actions are described.

ISSN:0896-5846    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Traditionally, drug doses and intervals between doses have been empirically decided by prescribers. Doses and intervals were subsequently adjusted based on observed efficacy or toxic effects. In the absence of consistent clinical findings or when the disease being treated is episodic in nature, such as in the case of asthma or epilepsy, optimal dosing is difficult to achieve. An alternative approach is the adjustment of doses based on the concentration of drugs in plasma. This approach has come to be called therapeutic drug monitoring, or TDM. To make adjustment of doses more efficient, mathematical models have been developed that describe and predict drug concentrations in various body fluids. These mathematical models incorporate pharmacokinetic parameters, such as volume of distribution, absorption rate constant, and clearance, which, when known for a particular patient or group of patients, allow judicious adjustment of doses of drugs that might otherwise be ineffective. This article reviews the model most commonly used in TDM and explains the parameters associated with it. It also considers the importance of TDM in clinical practice and the role of the nurse in this aspect of patient care.

ISSN:0896-5846    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Chronic moderate-to-severe pain is a common problem that directly impacts on the quality of life of the patient with a malignant neoplasm. It is estimated that pain is a major symptom in 70% of cancer patients. Continuous subcutaneous infusion of opioids has proved to be an efficacious and safe method to control the chronic pain of the home-bound and hospitalized patient. A wide variety of opioids can be used, including morphine, hydromorphone, and methadone. The subcutaneous route offers economic as well as physiologic advantages. The primary disadvantage to the system is volume limitations. Competent nursing management of the subcutaneous infusion helps to maximize the effectiveness of the opioid, thereby improving the patient's quality of life.

ISSN:0896-5846    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Until recently, continuous heparin infusions have been rendered only in the hospital setting. With the expansion of high technology, proper monitoring, and patient and family participation, it is practical and safe to administer heparin anticoagulation therapy in the home setting. The home care coordinator plays a key role in coordinating a smooth transition from hospital to home. This article provides an overview of the history of heparin, the indications for home heparin anticoagulant therapy, patient teaching goals, and the role of the home care coordinator.

ISSN:0896-5846    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Intravenous nurses must find their work both satisfying and fulfilling, emotionally and professionally. Autonomy is a vital component of long tenure and satisfaction. Nurses need to get involved in decision making, setting standards, and ensuring quality. Shared Governance, a professional nursing practice model, provides the structure for accountability for nursing practice and participation in the process. I.V. nurses have a unique opportunity to be in the leadership forefront because of their mobility and visibility within their institutions.

ISSN:0896-5846    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Many states have developed a nursing organization of a different nature—a coalition of representatives from all specialties within the nursing profession. These coalitions have opened new avenues for coordinated actions among all nursing organizations. The Intravenous Nurses Society's legislative network has opened new doors for opportunity for legislative representatives on the local level. When combined, these two forces can result In many positive changes for the profession of nursing.

ISSN:0896-5846    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0896-5846    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0896-5846    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID