ISSN:0022-4146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9787.1995.tb01396.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.A large proportion of regional production takes place in nontraded goods and services. In addition, significant productivity increases can be observed in some segments of this sector. Starting from these two empirical observations we construct a model of growth in a two‐region setting with factor mobility. The growth process is based on endogenous technological change in the nontraded input sector, whose output serves as an input in the production of one of the two final goods, the so‐called industrial good. We consider two extreme cases, one with locally limited, the other with interregional knowledge spillovers. Conditions are established under which interior solutions with production of local inputs and steady‐state growth in both regions result, and others under which we find a core‐periphery pattern with growth concentrated in one region only. The stability of the equilibria is discussed by considering the transition processes. Finally, it is shown that catching‐up as well as leapfrogging may occur, if new technologies become

ISSN:0022-4146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9787.1995.tb01397.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.This paper presents a model of regional development which attempts to explain differing patterns of growth in two regions. The model is an extension of Krugman's model of uneven development, but it incorporates not only scale economies within each region but also regional externalities across the regions. Depending on relative magnitudes of net scale economies of the two regions, the model entails different regional development patterns: uneven development, stable or joint development, or a mix of the two. The novel feature of the present model is that different regional development patterns can be explained within the same analytical framework.

ISSN:0022-4146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9787.1995.tb01398.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Johansen's (1988) multivariate test for cointegration is first applied to four models involving quarterly state data and five variables, along with a national model based on Friedman and Kuttner's (1992) model of money demand, which uses three variables. Each regional model consists of frequently used national and state series, for which theory suggests the possible cointegration of several series pairs. Beginning with all five series, however, one state model is found to be cointegrated over each of 20 successive estimation intervals. The money demand model and one state model are not cointegrated over the same intervals. In the cointegrated case, five‐year experimental forecasts show that error correction mechanism (ECM) and Bayesian ECM models outperform all other approaches. More importantly, forecasting performance improves further by respecifying the ECM model based on three cointegrated series pairs rather than the five‐component cointegrating vector. For the two noncointegrated systems, the first‐difference model suggested by the cointegration/ error correction literature is far superior to VAR in levels over both shortand long‐term h

ISSN:0022-4146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9787.1995.tb01399.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.This paper presents an initial version of a new theory of central places for retailing activities. Confined to a linear market and using the Contextual Theory of Demand to model consumer behavior, the model extends the economic theory of central places (Eaton and Lipsey, 1982). In its present form, the model specifies four parameters that control the spatial relationship between the locations of households and the equilibrium locations of central places: expenditure shares in consumption, transportation cost functions, storage costs by commodity, and capital costs of retailers. The locational equilibria of the model are optima when all costs are considered.

ISSN:0022-4146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9787.1995.tb01400.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.A general axiomatic framework is developed for analyzing alternative measures of interactivity between the sectors of a given activity system (such as the industrial sectors of an economy). Within this overall framework, we analyze an ordinal class ofadditive‐ratio measureswhich has been applied to a wide variety of systems, including both economic and ecological systems of activities. Our main result is to show that such measures can be characterized by four interactivity axioms. In addition, a wide variety of alternative measures are compared to additive‐ratio measures in terms of this axiom sys

ISSN:0022-4146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9787.1995.tb01401.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.A hedonic migration modelisdeveloped where regional amenities are viewed as influencing household production within the framework of the new demand theory. The inputs to household production are goods, time and housing. It is shown that economic growth in the economy as a whole will increase the relative attractiveness of regions that are relatively time‐saving, in the sense that they have a lower time elasticity of household production. Hence, migration will flow into time saving regions and housing costs in those regions will rise as real GDP grow

ISSN:0022-4146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9787.1995.tb01402.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.We model an economy of a developing country that produces an exportable manufactured good in an urban sector and a nontradable rural good. Manufacturing faces a fixed wage, which encourages urban unemployment. Changes in cultivated area in the rural sector involve deforestation or reforestation at frontiers. Government taxes to pay for urban infrastructure that assists the manufacturing sector. Increases in urban infrastructure may relieve or exacerbate frontier deforestation but expands manufacturing employment and reduces urban unemployment. Rural transportation improvements exacerbate frontier deforestation but expand employment in the urban manufacturing sector. A larger population, ceteris paribus, widens the rural‐urban wage gap and exacerbates deforestation, but may cause manufacturing employment to expand or contrac

ISSN:0022-4146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9787.1995.tb01403.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.In this paper we attempt to clarify the theoretical links between the concepts of “center of gravity” and “point of maximum population density” which describe the present, and the concepts of “minimum of the comprehensive Weber problem” and “maximum comprehensive gravity potential” which guide the future. Critical values of the characteristic parameters of the relevant functions are estimated. Implications for the understanding of spatial inerti

ISSN:0022-4146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9787.1995.tb01404.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.In studies of urban and state income distribution, the estimation of percentile incomes within intervals reported by the Bureau of the Census has often been done under the assumption that incomes are uniformly distributed. This paper shows that income may be significantly underestimated if the assumption is applied to lower‐level percentiles in the black family income distribution. Consequently, conclusions about the level and determinants of the relative income of poor black families may be misleadin

ISSN:0022-4146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9787.1995.tb01405.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY