摘要:

ABSTRACTSpatial pricing models have been used to illustrate a tariff's asymmetric effects on consumers located at different points in the protected economy, and to demonstrate that the optimum tariff for a small open spatial economy may be positive. In these models, the distribution of households has been taken as uniform and fixed.We extend the spatial model by allowing households to optimally locate and consume variable amounts of land, as well as the domestic‐ or foreign‐produced good. Land consumption, location rents, and the distribution of consumers are endogenous, responding to tariff‐induced changes in the delivered prices of the domestic and foreign goods. Within this limited general equilibrium framework, a neoclassical result resurfaces: from the perspective of private consumers, the optimum tariff in a small open economy is zero. The possibility of a positive optimum tariff, however, may remain intact in a more integrated model where domestic profits and tariff revenues are redistributed within the spatial ec

ISSN:0022-4146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9787.1991.tb00127.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we first develop a measure of total factor productivity (TFP) growth and summarize a source‐of‐growth analysis for the manufacturing sector of 48 states. As have others, we find little association between TFP growth differentials and output growth differentials for census regions. At the staterather than the regional level, however, we find a positive association between TFP growth and output growth. We use cross‐sectional data to estimate the determinants of the variation in TFP growth. Two results emerge that are important for regional policy and for understanding national productivity trends. First, state investments in education and in transportation infrastructure may affect TFP growth. Second, energy price increases in the early 1970s had no differential effects on productivity growth across states. We also explore the determinants of manufacturing output growth and find that TFP growth, demand growth, wage growth, wage levels, and state corporate income tax rates are signif

ISSN:0022-4146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9787.1991.tb00128.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThis paper examines two‐dimensional spatial competition, with Bertrand price determination. With a block metric, equilibrium prices are significantly lower when market areas are squares than when they are diamonds (rotated squares) of the same size. If demand density grows, waves of entry occur, and the shapes of market areas change from squares to diamonds and back to squares again. The former change leaves prim unchanged, whereas the latter cuts prices in half. Results are also derived for a Euclidean metric, with square and hexagonal market areas. Optimal waves of entry are examined with the block metric. With either metric, the socially optimal market shape becomes suboptimal if market areas are constrained to be of the zero‐profit s

ISSN:0022-4146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9787.1991.tb00129.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTIn this paper, I use estimates of the parameters of an industry demand function and a CES production function for Northern Ireland manufacturing in order to measure the relative impact of factor subsidies on employment, capital, and output. A simulation model is able to differentiate theoutputandsubstitutioneffects of subsidies. The results indicate that since manufacturing industry in the province tends to operate with a labor‐intensive technology and, since its price‐elasticity of demand for output is very low, the employment creating effects ofcapitalsubsidies are strongly negat

ISSN:0022-4146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9787.1991.tb00130.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we use recent advances in the theory of local public goods to develop more‐complete measures of the fiscal impacts of population change. Each fiscal impact measure extends the average‐cost‐based simple multiplier. The service‐based impact measure accounts for the public service production function. The local welfare measure further allows the size of the public budget to vary. The global welfare measure additionally introduces interneighborhood substitution of public services. These four nested measures are calculated for police servims in Vancouver. We demonstrate that the commonly used simple multiplier is an unreliable estimator of fiscal

ISSN:0022-4146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9787.1991.tb00131.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we examine the effects of state land‐use controls on the aggregate demand and supply of residential land. Previous studies have examined the effect of land‐use regulation on housing prices using single‐equation estimation. We estimate a three‐equation intejurisdidional supply‐demand model of land‐use controls. Our results suggest that land‐use regulations have a significant impact on both the demand and supply of residentid lan

ISSN:0022-4146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9787.1991.tb00132.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we given an economic interpretation of Kuhn's dual of the Steiner‐Weber problem. It depends essentially on the notion that different transportation systems arerelevant for the primal and the dual. Moreover, the Euclidean metric underlies the interpretation of the primal, the block one that of the dua

ISSN:0022-4146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9787.1991.tb00133.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Remodelling Geography, edited by Bill Macmillan.Postmodern Geographies: The Reassertion of Space in Critical Social Theory, by Edward W. Soja.The Condition of Postmodernity An Enquiry into the Origins of Cultural Change, by David Harvey.Spatial Structures, by Martin J. Beckmann and Tönu Puu.Advanced Transport and Spatial Systems Models: Applications to Korea, by Tschangho John Kim, in association with Sunduck Suh.Travel Behaviour Research, edited by the International Association for Travel Behaviour.The Evolution of Regional Economies: Entrepreneurship and Macroeconomic Change, by Luis Suarez‐Villa.Urban Problems in Western Europe, by Paul C. Cheshire and Dennis G. Hay.The Human Geography of Eastern Europe, by David Turnock.ECESIS: An Interregional Economic‐Demographic Model of the United States, by Paul M. Beaumont.Natural Landscape Amenities and Suburban Growth Metropolitan Chicago, 1970‐1980, by Christopher Mueller‐Wille.Evaluation Methods for Urban and Regional Plans: Essays in Memory of Morris Hill, edited by Daniel Shefer and Henk Voogd.Region as a Socio‐Environmental System: An Introduction to a Systemic Regional Geography, by Dov Nir.Tourist Development, 2nd edition, by Douglas Pearce.Tourism Analysis: A Handbook, by Stephen L. J. Smith.The Community Tourism Industry Imperative: The Necessity, the Opportunity, Its Potential, by

ISSN:0022-4146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9787.1991.tb00134.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Housing the Homeless and Poor: New Partnerships among the Private, Public, and Third Sectors, edited by George Fallis and Alex MurrayEscalating Land Values: Causes and Consequences for the Next Decade, edited by Benjamin Chinitz.

ISSN:0022-4146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9787.1991.tb00135.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-4146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9787.1991.tb00136.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY