ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690170102

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690170104

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractEnthalpies of the coexisting equilibrium vapor and liquid mixtures of the ethane‐n‐butane‐n‐pentane system are computed at several pressures. Saturated liquid enthalpies are obtained by using a new multicomponent Clapeyron equation with the B‐W‐R equation of state and the experimental temperature‐composition data for the ternary mixture. Saturated vapor enthalpies are calculated by applying the B‐W‐R equation to the vapor mixture. Ideal gas state enthalpies are used in both vapor and liquid enth

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690170105

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFor a Lewis number one gas, the equations of energy and diffusion state that if local equilibrium exists in a fog region, fog may form in a continuous manner, but it may be vaporized only discontinuously at the boundary between fog and nonfog regions. The local rate of formation of fog is proportional to the square of the local gradient of temperature or concentration. A class of solutions to the transport equations has been obtained for problems in which no vaporization occurs at the fog boundary. Under these conditions, the temperature and concentration at the boundary of the fog region are both shown to be constant at values that depend only upon the initial and/or boundary values of temperature and concentration and upon the equilibrium curve.

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690170106

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPacked columns are being considered for contacting liquid metals with molten salts to extract fission products from spent nuclear fuel. Extraction rates between a liquid cadmium alloy and a liquid chloride salt were measured at 530°C. in a prototype column. With a system of water and a low melting metal alloy, measurements of the pressure drop, limiting flow rates, and hold‐up were made and compared with the predictions of existing correlations. These data indicate that packed columns might be effective contacting devices for pyrochemical process

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690170107

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractGreen's functions for various Graetz problems are identified. Multiple forms of Duhamel's formula with improved convergence were obtained, using particular solutions to unit flux, linear prescribed flux, and similar problems. The method makes it possible to quickly calculate interfacial concentrations from a knowledge of outlet concentrations at several flow rates. The analysis is illustrated with experimental combustion data from a tubular reactor.

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690170108

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA numerical study was performed to investigate improvement in mass transfer rates obtainable by introduction of secondary convection into a proposed membrane blood oxygenator. The three‐dimensional Navier‐Stokes equations were solved numerically for the velocity field in channel and the results used in the numerical solution for the localPo2in the oxygenator. The convective diffusion equation solved is nonlinear, in addition to being three‐dimensional, because of the presence of red cell oxygen sinks.The convection introduced was generated by moving one wall of the blood flow channel laterally to the main flow. Decreases in blood side film resistance up to 5 × 104were predicted. In the presence of moderate to strong convection, the limiting factor on oxygenation rate is imposed by the membrane situated between blood and gas phases. It appears that a considerable decrease in required blood priming volume would be possible if the method discussed here were imple

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690170109

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFor certain classes of chemical reactions, it is possible to increase the yield of the desired products by choosing appropriate variable‐volume operating policies. An analysis of the steady state and semibatch operation of a stirred tank reactor demonstrates operating policies for both the isothermal and adiabatic case to maximize the steady state yield and to produce an improved semibatch yield. Computations carried out by using an analogue computer with a digital logic expansion system demonstrate further relationships between yield increase and operating polic

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690170110

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIsobaric vapor‐liquid equilibrium data at atmospheric pressure are reported for seven systems, each consisting of water, an alcohol (methanol or ethanol), and an anhydrous acetate salt (of sodium, potassium, barium, or calcium) dissolved to saturation in the boiling liquid phase. These systems are intended to complete a matrix about the single system ethanol‐water‐potassium acetate for which data were reported previously.Solubility data are reported in terms of saturation salt concentration as a function of alcohol‐water proportionality in the liquid. Sodium acetate as well as potassium acetate was found capable of eliminating completely the ethanol‐water azeotrope.Major differences in the effects of these salts as compared to those reproted for other salts in the salt‐effect literature were observed. Systems were discovered in which the salt appeared to cause both salting out and salting in of the alcohol in differing composition regions of the same system, the predominating effect depending on the relative proportions of alcohol and water. Systems were also discovered in which the salt salted‐in the component in which it was less soluble. Both observed effects are in contradiction with previously accepted theories of salt effect in vapor‐liq

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690170111

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe optimal control problem is formulated, and a weak maximum principle for such distributed parameter systems is derived. From this principle an efficient computational algorithm is presented which allows the simultaneous solution of the problems of both catalyst distribution (along the reactor) and optimal control. Detailed numerical examples are worked for isothermal reactors, adiabatic reactors, and adiabatic reactors with both a catalyst distribution problem and an optimal control problem. For irreversible reactions constant conversion policies are found to be optimal a significant portion of the time.

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690170112

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY