ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690060102

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMaximum stable droplet size in nonuniform dispersoids may be ignored or treated as a statistical‐limiting parameter or as a physically significant quantity. In this paper the author shows that treatment as a physically significant quantity is always permissible and in most cases advantageous. It is found that maximum stable droplet size as well as a mean droplet size can be calculated in some cases from theory and in other cases from correlated experimental data; this is illustrated with examples involving sprays and emulsion

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690060103

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractNo abstracts.

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690060140

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA study was made of the evaporation from single drops containing solids. By means of a specially designed sensitive balance, drops were suspended over a hot‐air stream and their drying behavior was observed. Weight changes were measured during evaporation. Experimental data are presented on the time of appearance of the first solid phase and the formation of a solid crust for a wide range of drying conditions and materials. A theory is advanced for predicting the formation of a solid phase in drying a droplet containing a dissolved solid. This theory shows reasonable agreement with the experimental results. A tentative proposal for the application of the results to spray‐dryer performance is sugges

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690060104

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTwo‐ and three‐dimensional boundary‐layer equations have been developed for pseudoplastic non‐Newtonian fluids which can be characterized by a power‐law relationship between shear stress and velocity gradient. The types of potential flows necessary for similar solutions to the boundary‐layer equations have been determined. For two‐dimensional flow the results are similar to those obtained for Newtonian fluids. For three‐dimensional flow, however, the possibility of similar solutions depends on the nature of the expression which describes effective viscosity of the fluid. At most, similar solutions are possible only for the case of flow past a flat plate where the potential velocity vector is not perpendicular to the leading edge of the plate; this is a much more restrictive condition than is obtained for N

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690060105

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractStudies of the evaporation and drying rates in an experimental concurrent spray dryer, 8 in. in diameter and 14 ft. high, are reported for various operating air temperatures. It was found that the total evaporation and drying time could be accurately predicted by employing a step‐by‐step method of calculation. Owing to the probable absence of internal diffusional resistance in the small particles, less than 30 μ, produced in the dryer, no significant falling‐rate period was observed. This was in marked contrast with tray‐drying experiments carried out on the same substance, under similar drying conditions. The results also confirmed that a Nusselt number of 2 can safely be used in spray‐drying heat transfer ca

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690060106

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA study was made of the effects the surface tension of aqueous solutions of surface‐active agents had on the bubble‐formation characteristics of these solutions. Bubbles were formed by two processes: by passing air through a horizontal orifice submerged in the solution and by nucleate boiling at an electrically heated surface. The experimental measurements taken with the air‐bubble system were used to determine the nature of the surface‐tension effect on air‐bubble formation. This knowledge was then applied to the interpretation of boiling measurements made with the same solutions. The boiling coefficients of the Tergitol‐water solution were found to vary inversely with dynamic surface tension. Boiling coefficients for Aerosol‐water solutions, however, varied in a manner which could not be related to surface‐

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690060107

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBy use of the Benedict‐Webb‐Rubin (BWR) equation of state an attempt has been made to correlate experimental vapor‐liquid equilibrium data on hydrogen‐methane‐propane mixtures in the temperature range from 0° to −250°F. and pressure range from 500 to 1,500 lb./sq. in. abs. Considerable improvement in hydrogenKvalues has been obtained by adjusting the coefficient ν in the BWR equation for hydrogen. In the final adjustment it was necessary to specify a new value of ν for hydrogen at each temperature. The root‐mean‐square deviation of calculated from observedKvalues for hydrogen is 6.6%As a further check the recommended BWR coefficients for hydrogen have been used to calculate the low‐temperature hydrogenKvalues in mixtures with ethane and ethylene with good results.The predictedKvalues for propane at temperatures below −150°F. have not been altered and are still in error by as much

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690060108

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe constant‐volume heat capacities of gaseous perfluorocyclobutane and propylene have been measured over a considerable range of temperatures and densities with a new type of adiabatic calorimeter. This calorimeter differs from previous constant‐volume gas calorimeters in having very thin walls and being equipped with an internal motor stirrer to provide temperature uniformity. The experimental results have been compared with the predictions of the Benedict‐Webb‐Rubin and Martin‐Hou equations, by use of published values of the zero‐pressure‐constant‐volume heat capacity. The over‐all agreement is satisfactory, with a maximum difference between the experimental and calculated heat capacities of 6.7%; however the comparison reveals several interesting systematic differences between the experimental and calculated values of the derivatives of the constant‐volume heat capacity with respect to temp

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690060109

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe critical temperatures available in the literature for seventeen elements constitute the basis of this study for predicting critical temperatures from normal boiling points. When not available, the normal boiling point can be estimated from vapor‐pressure data. The extension of the vapor‐pressure data beyond the normal boiling point establishes the critical pressure from the estimated critical temperature.In accordance with this procedure, critical temperatures and pressures have been predicted for thirty‐six elements included in the periodic table from lithium to uranium. These critical constants consitute the core of this study and have been used to calculate both van der Waals' constants. These constants, when plotted against their atomic numbers, produce correlations that may permit the further prediction of van der Waals' constants for other elements.A simple relationship between the critical volume and the volume van der Waals' constant is found to exist and is presented as a basis for predicting the critical volume of ele

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690060110

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY