ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690030102

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1957

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSince the shear rate of a non‐Newtonian fluid is of importance in fixing the rheological or viscometric behavior of such a material, the present study has been concerned with the development of a general relationship between impeller speed and the shear rate of the fluid. The resulting relationship was then used to interpret and correlate power‐consumption data on three non‐Newtonian fluids by use of a generalized form of the conventional power‐number–Reynolds‐number plot for Newtonians.Flat‐bladed turbines from 2 to 8 in. in diameter were used exclusively. Tank diameters ranged from 6 to 22 in. and power inputs from 0.5 to 176 hp./1,000 gal. The study encompassed a 130‐fold range of Reynolds numbers in the laminar and transition regions. The results to date indicate that power requirements for the rapid mixing of non‐Newtonian fluids are much greater than for comparable Ne

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690030103

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1957

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690030126

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1957

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690030127

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1957

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractExperimental studies of the mixing of coaxial streams of a natural gas and air at atmospheric pressure were made at Reynolds numbers of 44,000 and 79,000 under conditions where the turbulent‐velocity profile of nearly uniform flow was altered as little as feasible by the blending of the two streams.Total diffusivities of natural gas in air for the region near the center of the conduit were computed from the data for turbulent, steady, nonuniform flow. The total diffusivities were found to be rather complicated functions of the conditions of flow. Limitations in the configuration of the apparatus did not permit a study of the behavior of the total diffusivities to be made over as wide a range of flow rates as would be necessary to investigate the large‐scale trends indicated by this st

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690030104

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1957

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractOne of the important factors affecting the efficiency of vapor‐liquid contacting operations is the relationship between available interfacial area and contact time.Because of the difficulties in measuring these quantities, little information has heretofore been made available on them. Previous studies have been confined to extreme over‐simplifications of the turbulent type of contacting taking place in fractionation devices. The present investigation consisted of the determination of interfacial area and contact time for the formation of air bubbles submerged in water and aqueous solutions. The bubbles were produced at single vertical slots and rose through a flowing liquid. In order to complete the study on physical contacting, a companion study is concerned with vapor‐liquid behavior in the forth and entrainment zones. The experimental technique in this study involved taking high‐speed motion pictures of the bubbling action. Measurements of the area and volume of bubbles were made at intervals during the course of their growth, and values of total contact time and average interfacial area per unit volume of vapor are presented.It was found that both the average interfacial area per unit volume of vaporaand the total contact timetmwere primarily affected by the head of flowing liquid on the slot. Below slot submergence of approximately 2.5 in. of liquid, interfacial area was shown to decrease with increasing slot submergence and increasing slot area. Above 2.5 in. of liquid, interfacial area was a function of skirt clearance, liquid viscosity, and surface tension.Total contact time was found to increase with increasing slot submergence and to decrease with increasing vapor rate and skirt clearance.Through the use of an integrated mass transfer–rate equation, the termsaandtmcan be used in conjunction with the appropriate mass transfer coefficient for predicting the point efficiencies on bubble

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690030105

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1957

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA phase‐behavior approach to the prediction of the performance characteristics of a dissolved‐gas–drive reservoir is unique in that the problem of choosing flash, differential, or composite‐solution gas‐oil ratios and formation‐volume factors has been circumvented. Data required are a compositional analysis of the reservoir fluid, the bubble point of this fluid, and the relative‐permeability curves for the reservoir rock.Gas‐oil ratios and formation‐volume factors were calculated under conditions duplicating the performance of the reservoir. A comparison was then made between these results and those obtained by calculations involving a differential, a flash, and a composite process. A vital factor in the solution of the problem is the accuracy of the calculated equilibrium constant. Agreement within 3% was obtained when a calculated differential formation‐volume curve was compared with an experimental

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690030106

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1957

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractExperimental equilibrium vapor and liquid compositions are reported for the hydrogen‐methane system at −150°, −200°, and −250°F. and at pressures of 500 to 4,000 lb./sq. in. The ternary system hydrogen‐methane‐propane was studied at 0°, −100°, and −200°F. at 500 and 1,000 lb./sq. in. Phase compositions were determined for a limited number of similar conditions for the hydrogen‐methane‐propylene and hydrogen‐methane‐ethylene‐e

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690030107

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1957

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractData are reported for the evaporation of spheres of naphthalene into air, helium, carbon dioxide, and Freon‐12, and of liquid diethyl adipate into air at pressures from 0.1 to 3,000μ Hg and at Reynolds numbers from 0 to 1.37. By use of suitable values of the surface‐evaporation coefficient and the assumption of additivity of surface evaporation and diffusional resistances, the data are well correlated. The results lend semiquantitative support to the theory of sublimation of crystals developed by Stra

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690030108

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1957

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractRates of mass and heat transfer to single spheres and cylinders at low Reynolds numbers are predicted from boundary‐layer theory. The velocity distributions which are assumed to exist are those derived from the linearized Navier‐Stokes equations by Tomotika and Aoi.In the case of the sphere the Nusselt number is found to be a function only of the Peclet group when the Stokes streamline function is assumed to apply. Experimental data for mass and heat transfer to singel spheres fall 10 to 40% higher than predicted from the theory. Experimental data for heat and mass transfer to single cylinders at largeNPecheck the theory.Curves are also plotted for the efficiency of removal of colloidal particles by combined direct interception and diffusion for both spheres and cylind

ISSN:0001-1541    

DOI:10.1002/aic.690030109

出版商:American Institute of Chemical Engineers    

年代:1957

数据来源: WILEY