摘要:

AbstractIn order to examine the geographical variation of dental health within 10 county districts in North Wales, 3538 children were examined. The associations between three demographic indicators, based on the 1981 OPCS census, and dental health outcomes were assessed for electoral wards within the county districts. The Townsend and Jerman indices were the first two indicators employed and the third was based on a mathematical model representing the variation in the mean number of untreated decayed surfaces per person for the wards. This model was developed using the children examined in the five most westerly county districts. Using the data derived from the five most easterly county districts, the three indicators were assessed. All three showed strong correlations (r0.88) with dental health. These results indicate that measures of dental health based on large administrative units may obscure variation within them. It is concluded that geographical methods of this type may be useful for targeting dental resources at small areas with high levels of need.

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1996.tb00802.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCross‐sectional relationships between free smooth surface and proximal caries were assessed in 3 age groups, comprising 252 subjects aged 12 yr, 301 aged 15–16 yr and 102 aged 18–19 yr. Caries diagnosis was clinically on while spot and radio graphically on enamel lesion level. Fair correlation between buccallingual and proximal caries observed among 12‐yr‐olds (r=0.47) declined in the older subjects (r=0.24). While statistically significant the variability in proximal caries, explained by buccal‐lingual lesions, was low (range 6–22%). Sensitivity and specificity for buccal‐lingual lesions as an indicator for proximal caries in the same tooth ranged from 0.37–0.44 and 0.84–0.91, respectively, with associated Pv+ and Pv– ranging from 0.41–0.44 and 0.84–0.91, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity for buccal‐lingual caries in identifying subjects with proximal caries ranged from 0.33–0.44 and 0.67–0.98, respectively. Pv+ ranged from 0.94–0.99 and Pv‐ from 0.06–0.35. ROC curve analysis yielded Az‐values of about 0.76 in the two younger age groups and 0.57 in the oldest. The results imply that information obtained from visual examination should be applied with caution when inferences about current caries status on proximal surfaces are made fro

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1996.tb00803.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study reports on the caries susceptibility of tooth surfaces in 4294 adolescents (mean age 12.5 yr) during a 3‐yr, double‐blind clinical caries trial, conducted in Lanarkshire, Scotland, between 1988 and 1992. Children were selected on the grounds of dental maturity and past caries experience. Clinical examinations with mirror, CPITN probe and fibre optic trans‐illumination were carried out on the permanent dentition, with the buccal pits of mandibular molars and palatal pits of maxillary molars being recorded as separate sites. At baseline 6061 surfaces were decayed (1.0% of 601 160 surfaces examined), 20 160 (3.4%) filled, and 10 909 (1.8%) missing due to caries. The number of surfaces recorded as sound at baseline in subjects completing the study was 454 663. Of these 8176 (1.8%) new surfaces were decayed, 14 832 (3.3%) filled and 4000 (0.9%) missing at the final examination. Molar occlusal surfaces showed greatest susceptibility to attack, 35.8% of those at risk becoming carious in the course of the study. All buccal and lingual smooth surfaces showed a low susceptibility, but 8.8% of buccal and palatal pits developed caries. At the final clinical ‐ only examination, pit and fissure caries accounted for 48%, inter proximal surfaces for 39%, and smooth surfaces for 13% of caries prevalence. However, overall the contribution of these surfaces to 3‐yr increments was, 40%, 47%, and 13%, res

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1996.tb00804.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstactAn epidemiological survey was carried out in 1992 researching dental caries and treatment needs in an adult population in Oviedo, Spain. A representative sample of 261 subjects, randomly obtained and stratified by age, was examined. Results show a dental decay prevalence of 99.6%; 12.5 DMFT index with 2.9. 7.5 and 2.1 mean values for D, M and F components. Women and the lower social class showed the highest DMFT index. Treatment needs reach a mean value of 12.1 teeth per person. Politics are the most needed treatment, the mean value increases with age while the differences among age groups and social classes are statistically significant. The next most needed dental treatment is filling of one surface which decreases with age, is the same for men and women and higher among the middle social class; the differences arc statistically significant among the social classes.

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1996.tb00805.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract1386, 5–6‐yr‐old and 1326, 12‐yr‐old schoolchildren in the mainly rural province of Matabeleland South, in Zimbabwe, were examined for dental caries and interviewed about their oral hygiene practices. Fluoride contents of the drinking water source of the schools were determined and were found to be in the range 0.05–2.5 ppm. Among 5–6‐yr‐old children, 25.2% were affected with caries and the mean dent score was 0.6 whereas 19.8% of the 12‐yr‐old children had caries, and the mean DMFT score was 0.3. In both age groups low fluoride levels in drinking water (<0.8 ppm) were associated with higher prevalence of caries (5–6‐yr‐olds: OR 2.47: 12‐yr‐olds: OR 2.09). Chewing sticks were the most commonly applied oral hygiene practice. Children who reported using chewing slicks had fewer carious lesions than children who reported the u

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1996.tb00806.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPrevalence and severity of dental fluorosis was assessed in 1739 Singaporean children aged 9, 12 and 16 yr in three different ethnic groups. All subjects had resided since birth in Singapore, which has a tropical climate. The water supply was fluoridated in 1957 at a level of 0.7 ppm. In this sample, mouth prevalence was 82.6%, tooth prevalence was 66.9%, the community fluorosis index was at 1.96; 9.2% of children had severe fluorosis and 26.2% had moderate fluorosis. There were no significant gender or racial differences. Prevalences were higher than those reported in most other studies. Due to differences in indices used and methodology, comparisons could not be made directly with other studies.

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1996.tb00807.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPatients' perceptions play an important role in assessing the quality of dental treatment. This study investigated 56 possible quality aspects on their importance as judged by regular attenders. A nationwide sample of 5000 Dutch people was contracted, 1328 persons meeting our selection criteria tilled out the questionnaire and responded. The results show that hygiene of instruments and the availability of the dentist in case of emergency were considered the most important. It was concluded that in general these patients judged technical and functional aspects of dental care to be of more importance than communicative and informative aspects. Differences in perceptions were found according to sex and, to a lesser extent, to education, means of insurance and place of residence. But, on the whole, response patterns were homogeneous.

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1996.tb00808.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCentral to the evaluation of any dental health programme is the dental status of the population it serves. The DMFT index has been widely used to indicate dental status in evaluations, however, there are a number of characteristics of the DMFT index which undermine its value in evaluating programmes. The aim of this study was to compare DMFT, live utility weighted versions of this index, and single measures of caries experience, in order to determine their relative validity. The indices were investigated in terms of two criteria: 1) the percentage of variance explained by a set of antecedent and behavioural variables in a series of multiple regression analyses; and 2) percentage changes in the indices following re‐examination of the population after live years. Results show that the variance explained by the different composite indices ranged between 29% and 46%, while it varied between 16% and 49% for the single measures. The size of percentage changes after five years ranged between 0% and 4.5%, and indicated that utility weighted indices were generally not more sensitive than the DMFT, but that some single measures were. Where composite indices are required, a lull quality adjusted tooth years (QATY) approach, rather than utility weighting the DMFT index, may be required to improve the validity of dental health status indicators. Single rather than composite measures also provide valid information for evaluating dental programme

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1996.tb00809.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study employed a recently developed questionnaire, the Dental Coping Beliefs Scale (DCBS), to evaluate the effect of oral hygiene interventions on denial beliefs. The DCBS was administered to 100 subjects. Compared to an untreated control group, there was an increase in the ability to improve oral health through self‐effort for the three experimental interventions: Attention (Al), Education (El) and Cognitive Behavioral (CBI). When the Dental Coping Beliefs Scale was divided into scales of Internal Locus of Control, External Locus of Control. Self‐Efficacy, and Oral Health Beliefs, additional changes were evident. For the CBI Group, all four scales changed significantly between baseline measurement and post‐intervention toward beliefs favoring control and prevention of dental disease using brushing and flossing. For the A and E groups, three scales paralleled the results of the CBI: Internal Locus of Control and Self‐Efficacy increased and External Locus of Control decreased after the intervention. However, unlike the CBI, Oral Health Beliefs did not significantly change. Overall, for all experimental groups, there was a shift from external locus of control beliefs to internal beliefs. The untreated Control Group showed no changes across the five weeks. This study was supported by a VA Medical Research Service Merit Revie

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1996.tb00810.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe present study compares visible‐light Delton with Duraphat fluoride varnish for the prevention of occlusal caries in permanent first molars. A clinical trial was carried out in three groups of 6–8‐yr‐old schoolchildren: a sealant group (100 children), in which Delton light‐polymerized fissure sealant was applied to permanent first molars; a varnish group (98 children), in which Duraphat was applied to permanent first molars; and a control group (116 children). Replacement (sealant) and reapplication (varnish) was carried out every 6 months. Percent effectiveness at 24 months (percentage of saving from caries taking molars as analysis unit) for those molars initially healthy and with complete occlusal eruption was analyzed. 272, 252 and 238 molars met the inclusion criteria in the control, varnish and sealant groups, respectively. Of these, 45.2%, 28.2% and 10.5% developed caries after 24 months. The effectiveness was greater in the sealed molars than in the varnished molars

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1996.tb00811.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY