摘要:

AbstractThis study was conducted to update our knowledge about the relation between sugar consumption and dental caries in nations throughout the world. Data on the prevalence of dental caries for 6‐ and 12‐year‐old children in, respectively, 23 and 47 nations were obtained from the World Health Organization's Global Oral Epidemiology Bank. Information on sugar supplies was obtained from Food Balance Sheet data prepared by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. The study indicates that for the 12‐, but not for the 6‐, year‐old children there is a significant positive correlation between the per capita availability of sugar and dental caries. The data also suggest that the availability, and presumably the ingestion, of 50 g of sugar per day may represent an outer limit of “safe” or “acceptable” sugar consumption. Furthermore, a comparison of data obtained from Food Balance Sheets for the per capita daily “consumption” of sugar with data for consumption obtained from Household Consumption Surveys in six countries, shows that these data collection methods frequently do not give comparable results. Accurate, total, age‐specific consumption figures with information on frequency and the manner of use are needed if the relationship between oral disease and dietary

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1982.tb00352.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA study was undertaken in order to test the effect of hygiene instructions given by specially trained chair‐side assistants and to test the value of depuration prior to instructions. Chair‐side assistants were trained to motivate and instruct patients in oral hygiene methods. The 71 participants (12 female and 59 male employees of the same industrial firm) were divided into three groups. Group C received depuration (one visit) prior to oral hygiene instructions, Group B hygiene instructions only, and Group A depuration only. Following instructions, the participants were examined after 4, 12 and 24 weeks with respect to: DMFT, Gingival Index, Retention Index, plaque surface and periodontal pockets ≧ 4 mm. The results showed a reduction in plaque surfaces from baseline to 24 weeks in Groups B and C of 67% and 70% (difference not significant). Slight improvement was noted in Group A. Significant improvement was also observed in Gingival Index scores and pocket depths. Significant differences were not found between the groups with respect to Retention Index scores. Smoking did not influence the program. The effects of instructions were retained after 6 months. It is concluded that the use of this kind of personnel is highly effective and expedient, and that the present model can be useful in preventive dental health

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1982.tb00353.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper analyzes the relationship among presence of fluoride in the drinking water, oral health and dental expenditures in four towns in Finland. A two‐stage least‐squares model is used to determine the effect of fluoridated water and other independent variables on the number of missing teeth and per capita annual dental service expenditures for 555 adults. The results show that regularity of dental visits is the only significant factor explaining per capita expenditures. In contrast, many factors affect the number of missing teeth; most importantly, the number of dentists per capita, level of fluoride, age, education, use of services and smoking habits. These findings suggest I hat fluoride significantly improves oral health status but does not reduce adult per capita dental expenditu

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1982.tb00354.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of the present study was to assess the quality of silver amalgam restorations rendered by Israeli dentists. A group of 433 new army recruits, 18–20 years of age was selected for the study. A total of 707 amalgam restorations were examined in an army dental clinic, under standardized conditions by the same observer. The quality of amalgam restorations was assessed according to an index devised for this purpose. The quality of restorations was relatively low. Approximately two‐thirds of the fillings exhibited satisfactory quality when marginal adaptation of the filling material was examined. Three‐fifths of the fillings followed the principles of extension for prevention. A relatively high percentage (75%) of the fillings did not extend beyond the cavosurface margin at any point or did not fall short of it. However, in only 47% of all fillings was appropriate occlusion restored. The fillings were found to be porous in about 60% of the cases and almost none of the fillings were polished. Overhangs were detected in about one‐quarter of the restorations (22.8%); inflammatory reactions of the gingival tissue were noticeable in more than half of the cases (51.3%). An attempt was made to study the various characteristics of the amalgam filling as categorized by the index presented in this study, and discuss its effect on the filling's overall quality. It was suggested that lack of standardization of performance levels in Israel is reflected, in part, in the observed low quality of amalgam restorations. The conclusions of this investigation point to interventions which can be initiated through the dental education, financing and public health planning sectors of the society, to increase awareness of this problem and define specific interventions to improve the quality of restorative dental cave delivered in general practice in

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1982.tb00355.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDental health education attempts to change behaviour by altering an individual's knowledge, attitudes, and belief's about health matters. Perception of vulnerability to illness and dental disease is a central, but poorly understood, health belief. In this study of 303 New Zealand and 297 Australian schoolchildren perceived vulnerability was measured by the degree of expectancy to which subjects believed they would contract health problems. The pattern of health problem expectancy was consistent across age groups, cultures, and other demographic divisions. High expectancies of general health problems and dental caries were associated with potential preventive dental visits and with potential denture wearing. New Zealand schoolchildren, and children from lower socioeconomic backgrounds, had higher expectancies of general health problems and dental caries than Australian or middle class children.

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1982.tb00356.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractOf the two random samples studied, the first represented 6–8‐year‐old residents of a natural high fluoride area (n= 115) and residents of all other areas of Finland (n= 1219). The second sample was representative for 7–9‐year‐old children participating in public dental care in an area with artificially fluoridated pipe water (n= 182) and areas with low fluoride (n = 530) in one Finnish county. Structured questionnaires were used to collect data on social class; caries diagnoses were made by local dentists in municipal dental clinics. Children in the highest social class had the lowest caries experience in both high and low fluoride areas. Differences between middle and lower social class children were small. Fluoride affected caries in the primary dentition similarly in all social classes; in both samples this was shown statistically by non significant interaction between social class and fluoride. In Finland, differences between social classes in caries in the primary dentition cannot be removed solely by implementing water f

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1982.tb00357.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe aim of this investigation was to study the periodontal status at the ages of 15 and 20 years in the same individuals. Gingival and periodontal data from 100 adolescents in 1973 constituted the basic material. Eighty subjects could rereexamined in 1978. The mean number of teeth per subject was 27.1 both in 1973 and in 1978. Three individuals in 1973 and two in 1978 had no bleeding gingival units. There was a decrease between 1973 and 1978 in the number of subjects with a high number of inflamed gingival units. The buccal and lingual surfaces also showed lower prevalence of gingivitis, while the proximal surfaces showed a slight increase in prevalence. The prevalence of surfaces with plaque in 1978 was decreased for buccal and lingual surfaces but slightly increased for proximal surfaces. Sixty‐six individuals in 1973 and 71 in 1978 had no pocketing. Altogether 75 tooth surfaces with pocketing were diagnosed in 1973 and 21 in 1978. Most of the pockets were located at the proximal surfaces of the molars. Four individuals with infra bony defects in one to two sites were found in 1973 and five in 1978. No progression of the bony defects found in 1973 seemed to have occurred during the 5‐year period. In spite o(the frequent proximal areas with gingivitis, very few 20‐year‐olds showed signs of marginal bone loss, which indicates that gingivitis does not necessarily lead to destructive periodontitis in young

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1982.tb00358.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to establish the mean timing of permanent tooth emergence in a low to middle socioeconomic level schoolchildren population sample from the Southeastern part of the Dominican Republic. A total of 900 children (15.6%of the 5–14‐year‐old schoolchildren from this city) were studied. Girls were relatively advanced in their emergence times except for the canine and second premolar in the maxilla and the first premolar in the mandible. The mean emergence times were, in general, relatively advanced when compared with those of United States whites and blacks, Danish, Canadian Eskimos, French‐Canadians, Greenland Eskimos, Icelandics, Southern Chinese and South A

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1982.tb00359.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAll 350 patients referred to the Department of Stomatognathic Physiology during a 4‐month period were given a self‐administered questionnaire intended to give a review o(the patients' history. The questions concerning general somatic and psychic health, education and social conditions are dealt with in this article. Twenty‐five percent of the patients, more women than men, considered their general state of health to be impaired or poor. Seventy‐two percent of the patients denied having had nervous or psychic disorders while 9% were currently being treated for such symptoms. Patients who had answered with alternatives indicating a “poor social situation” had, for instance, more pain in the face and jaws, poorer general health, more nervous or psychic disorders and more symptoms of TMJ disorders than the other patients. When the influence of education was considered, the patients with low education reported more severe symptoms of TMJ disorders than those with higher education. The general level of somatic and psychic health of the patients in this study did not differ markedly from that of the general population, but a negative influence on the health of the masticatory system of poor social conditions and low educational level could be d

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1982.tb00360.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractForty‐eight children of an Israeli Kibbutz, aged 2–6 years, were examined for dental caries and dietary cariogenic intake, during and between meals. Multiple regression analysis was computed. A higher positive regression coefficient was found for caries and “during meals” cariogenic. intake than for caries and “between meals” intake. Both coefficients, but not the difference between them, were found statistically

ISSN:0301-5661    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1982.tb00361.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY