摘要:

Since the People's Republic of China was founded in 1949, the area under petroleum exploration has continually expanded. The Chinese petroleum industry has developed rapidly. By 1988, crude oil production was 137 MM tons/year (2.74 MM b/d), and China was the world's fifth‐largest oil‐producing nation.The petroleum geology of China has recently advanced in the following five ways: (1) in the study of non‐marine facies hydrocarbon accumulations; (2) in the study of tectonic types of oil‐and gas‐bearing basins; (3) in facies studies of Meso‐Cenozoic lacustrine deposits; (4) in the theory and practice of composite megastructural oil and gas reserves in the Bohai Gulf Basin; and (5) in research on buried‐hill oil and gas traps. Future in‐depth petroleum‐geological studies and continuing intensive exploration activities will ensure that further oil and gas reserve

ISSN:0141-6421    

DOI:10.1111/j.1747-5457.1990.tb00248.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Numerous intraplate, fault‐bounded basins have been developed on the Chinese landmass as a result of interactions between the Pacific, Asian and Indian Plates since Mesozoic‐Cenozoic times. In Eastern China, continental‐rift basins were formed in a geodynamic regime during which the continental crust was stretched and thinned, and moved slowly towards the Pacific Ocean. These rift basins may be distinguished from those in NE, Northern and Southern China, due to differences in basement configuration and evolution.In Central China, cratonic subsidence depressions exist, with thin‐skinned décollement tectonics, fold belts and minor fore‐deeps. These include the Ordos, Sichuan and Chuxiong Basins, which can be differentiated according to their stage of development.In Western China, crustal compression resulted in horizontal shortening and vertical thickening; thus, fore‐deep and intermontane basins were developed, usually associated with basement thr

ISSN:0141-6421    

DOI:10.1111/j.1747-5457.1990.tb00249.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The Tarim Basin, NW China, whose total area is 560,000 sq. kms, is one of the largest inland basins in the world, with sediments around 15,000 m thick. The Tarim Block is a small continental plate, which is being over‐ridden at its western end from both the north and south, by the Eurasian and Indian continents, respectively. Abundant oil and gas accumulations are predicted to occur within the basin.Detailed analysis of Landsat imagery, integrated with published geological and geophysical data, has provided the basis for a re‐examination of the structural geology of the area, and has enabled a new interpretation of the tectonic development of the northern part of the Tarim Basin to be made.The region discussed in this paper is the northern margin of the Tarim Basin, including the Kalpin Uplift (Kalpintag), North Tarim Depression and Kuruktag Uplift. Remarkable geological structures outcrop in these areas, and are clearly visible on satellite imagery.The NW and SW margins of the Tarim Basin are dominated by compression; while the NE and SE margins are dominated by left‐lateral strike‐slip movements. South of the Kalpintag, west‐directed thrusting occurs in Palaeozoic platform sediments, which may have some production potential where they are buried beneath Neogene sediments.On the NW basin margin; where thrusting is predominant, crustal shortening is estimated to be around 50%. In the Kuqa Depression (the northern sector of the North Tarim Depression), Tertiary evaporites seal Mesozoic source rocks. The configuration above the décollement is discordant, and the spectacular Tertiary surface structures are not very prospective.The Kuruktag (at the NE corner of the Tarim Basin) is an area of compressional grabens which may contain both Mesozoic and Tertiary source rocks. These grabens are potential analogues of basins in southern California.Important structural features interpreted here include several major thrust complexes, and strike‐slip fault systems. In addition to detecting fault traces, a number of important fold structures were mapped and analysed using the imagery, and the resulting maps represent an improvement on existing publications. Tectonic features, particularly folds and faults near the basin margin, may provide traps for hydrocarbon accumulations.As a result of this study, many potential hydrocarbon traps, which merit close attention by geophysical field‐survey techniques such as seismic reflection, hav

ISSN:0141-6421    

DOI:10.1111/j.1747-5457.1990.tb00250.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The formation of the South China Sea was primarily controlled by the NeoCathaysian and Nanhai tectonic systems (Early Cretaceous‐Early Tertiary, and Late Oligocene‐Early Miocene, respectively). These two tectonic systems are associated with the first and second phases of spreading in the South China Sea, where 33 sedimentary basins have so far been located. Basin generation and development was tectonically controlled, and four basin types have been identified: tensile, tensile‐shear, compressive, and compressive‐shear. Tensile and tensile‐shear basins in the Nanhai system, and the compressive basins in the NeoCathaysian system, have the most promising oil and gas

ISSN:0141-6421    

DOI:10.1111/j.1747-5457.1990.tb00251.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The East China Sea Basin is a major Cenozoic basin, with a sedimentary fill greater than 10,000 metres in thickness. The evolution of the basin is divisible into four stages‐down‐faulting, fault‐sagging, down‐warping and draping. Tectonic movements were characterized by multiple episodes of spatial differentiation, and tectonic units are divisible into longitudinal zones and latitudinal blocks. Various types of trap structure are present, including Tertiary sandstone traps, basement traps, and ree

ISSN:0141-6421    

DOI:10.1111/j.1747-5457.1990.tb00252.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Commercial accumulations of Ordovician natural gas have been discovered in the Bohai Bay Basin, Ordos Basin and Sichuan Basin of eastern China. The total proved gas reserves account for about 4% of the non‐associated gas reserves of P.R. China. Accumulations can be divided into fault‐block, anticlinal and litho‐stratigraphic types. Reservoirs are located in carbonate rocks, and are sourced either from the Ordovician in situ or from the overlying Permo‐Carboniferous coal m

ISSN:0141-6421    

DOI:10.1111/j.1747-5457.1990.tb00253.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

With the increasing importance of quantitative studies of hydrocarbon generation, an accurate classification of kerogen types is needed. On the basis of the widley‐used trichotomic classification, which depends on elemental composition, a numerical kerogen type index (NKTI) has been depveloped; this takes the maturation level as a basic parameter, and provides a numerical value to describe the composition or type of a keroge

ISSN:0141-6421    

DOI:10.1111/j.1747-5457.1990.tb00254.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The Chaidam Basin forms one of the deepest sedimentary basins in the world, with over 14kms of sediment deposited since the Oligocene. Basement rocks consist of: (i) pre‐Sinian gneisses; (ii) Sinian and Lower Palaeozoic sediments folded by the Silurian ‐ Devonian orogeny; (iii) Upper Palaeozoic molasse in a half‐graben produced by the collapse of the Silurian mountain belt; (iv) Carboniferous terrestrial to shallow‐marine facies sediments deposited on the margins of Palaeotethys; and (v) Permo‐Triassic sediments deposited in a back‐arc basin N of the Palaeotethyan subduction zone.Triassic back‐are basin development was followed by thermal subsidence during the Jurassic to Eocene, with a low sedimentation rate, modified by flexural subsidence on the margins of the thickened and uplifted S Qilian Mountains. Gentle folds and SW‐propagating thrusts were developed in Jurassic strata. The region was uplifted as a whole during Early Jurassic and Middle Cretaceous times.The main period of subsidence occurred from the Oligocene to the Recent, producing a deep hinterland basin in western and central Chaidam. Uplift along the Kunlun and the Aerjin Fault Zone provided a ready sediment supply. Basin subsidence throughout the Neogene probably reflects lithospheric flexure due to the loading of the Tibetan lithosphere, although the rapid increase of Sedimentation during the latest Tertiary and Quaternary must reflect rapid Recent uplift of the Tibetan Plateau. During the Pliocene and Pleistocene, there was inversion and shortening of the Basin, associated with reworking of the Mesozoic strike‐slip and thrust faults. Thus, the Aerjin Fault Zone was reactivated to control the shortening direction across the Basin. Mesozoic thrusts were reactivated along the NE margin of the Basin during the Pliocene, but by Pleistocene times, WNW‐trending folds developed throughout the western part of the Basin. There was differential uplift; the zone nearest the Aerjin Fault was uplifted most, causing tilting and variations in sediment thickness and facies from NW and SE.There are numerous source rocks formed by lacustrine facies sediments of Jurassic and Neogene age. The burial history and the timing and location of structural and stratigraphic traps has controlled the locations of the major hydrocarbon occurrences in western and NW Chaidam. An evaluation of hydrocarbon prospectivity is given in the light of the tectonic ‐ stratigraphic framewo

ISSN:0141-6421    

DOI:10.1111/j.1747-5457.1990.tb00255.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0141-6421    

DOI:10.1111/j.1747-5457.1990.tb00256.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0141-6421    

DOI:10.1111/j.1747-5457.1990.tb00257.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY