摘要:

A brief sketch is given of the history of international cooperation in astronomy and of some of the initiatives that have been taken by the International Astronomical Union are described. ©1994 American Institute of Physics.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.47018

出版商:AIP    

年代:1995

数据来源: AIP

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.47006

出版商:AIP    

年代:1995

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The modern astronomy developments and its implications in cultural, scientific and technological contemporary world have raised the necessity of creating an astronomical observatory equipped with computer, electronics and astronomical new technology for the use and benefits of Central Americans as an option to contribute to strength essential aspects of their lives and to reduce the gap with industrialized countries. In this paper we present a project which contains the basis for the establishment of this astronomical center, and we describe the whole process required to choose the place for the observatory after site testing; the designs and construction of the observational system and its electronic and computer accessories, as those of the buildings and access too; the training of Central American scientists and technicians in basic space and astronomical sciences in Central American territories, and the provision of basic astronomical services to these countries. The financial support as well as the operation of this research center itself are considered in terms of permanent international cooperation to maintain: a critical mass of astronomers in continual scientific production in the region, a place where the international scientist community may attend to make his observations, and an infrastructure through which Central American countries could arrive and remain in the Spatial Era to participate in regional astronomical and space programs. ©1994 American Institute of Physics.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.47012

出版商:AIP    

年代:1995

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The present status of basic space science research in African countries is reviewed. The efforts being made to develop space science research at the University of Nigeria are discussed, as well as the proposed international collaboration on solar seismology. Such international collaborations appear to be the only way forward for African countries. It is emphasized that policy makers in African countries need to be made aware of the importance of space science and its various technological spin offs. ©1994 American Institute of Physics.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.46998

出版商:AIP    

年代:1995

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

The role of basic space science in the present curriculum for primary and secondary schools is discussed as well as the future development of Space Science Education at all levels (Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary). The importance of educating teachers in basic space science is emphasized. Provision of Planetariums in the country could go a long way to help in the education process as well as in popularizing space science. ©1994 American Institute of Physics.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.47002

出版商:AIP    

年代:1995

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Space science education constitutes an essential component of organizing space research in a developing country. Indian experience shows that this can be done more effectively through participation of university faculty in nationally coordinated research projects of relevance to space science. The impact of the awareness created by such projects and transmission of knowledge helps create an atmosphere towards avenues for imparting basic space science education and also for overall strengthening of curricula of basic science subjects. Details of such a situation in a few Indian universities which were selected for carrying out the observations of ground reaching solar multi‐wavelength radiation as part of national network are presented. Implications of such research activities on the basic space science education are also discussed. ©1994 American Institute of Physics.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.47003

出版商:AIP    

年代:1995

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Under quiet geomagnetic conditions the variations of the three geomagnetic elements H, Z, and D from one day to the next in June, October, and December 1986 at eight Indian observatories from about 0° to 22° dip latitude have been studied. The day to day variability is measured by sequential variability, SV(1). In all the three months, the magnitude of day to day variability in H, Z, and D has a diurnal variation with maximum around local noon and minimum in the night. This is most likely controlled by the diurnal variation of ionospheric conductivity. In the worldwide part of sq (WSq) zone, the SV in H, Z, and D is smaller in October than in June and December 1986, but SV(z) is greater than SV(H) and SV(D) in all the three months. In the equatorial electrojet (EEJ) zone, the SV due to the EEJ alone in H, Z, and D is greater in June than in October and December contrary to the seasonal variation of sq(H) and sq(Z) in the EEJ zone. The SV(D) due to the EEJ alone has a surprisingly large magnitude. There is evidence that the day to day variability of EEJ and the WSq are not in phase and consequently combine somewhat destructively within the EEJ Zone. ©1994 American Institute of Physics.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.47004

出版商:AIP    

年代:1995

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

Indian scientists have carried out many experiments, campaigns, and projects related to upper atmospheric research since its inception. Major contributions have been made by blending the effort of ground based and rocket borne measurements with modeling and theoretical studies. Attempt is made to summarize the highlights of scientific results obtained in the areas of ion chemistry, equatorial electrojet, F‐region electrodynamics and magnetospheric influence on low latitude ionospheric processes. Some of the important facilities established recently are mentioned in the context of further investigations. ©1994 American Institute of Physics.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.47005

出版商:AIP    

年代:1995

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

We have used a simple climate model to determine the duration of liquid water habitats on early Mars following up on the previous work of McKay and Davis. We used the weathering model of Pollacketal. to compute the pressure and temperature evolution of the atmosphere. We included the variability of the solar luminosity. Recent results which have considered the influence of CO2condensation suggest that Mars could not have been kept warm (above 0 °C) with only a dense CO2atmosphere. New stellar evolution theories have suggested a more massive early sun to explain the lithium depletion in the sun and predict a warmer climate for early Mars. We have therefore modified the model of McKay and Davis to include the effects of CO2condensation and the effect of a more massive early sun. Here we present the results of these additional effects on the duration of liquid water habitats on early Mars. We find that the increased luminosity suggested for the early sun when mass loss is taken into account can provide a climate on early Mars that results in fluvial features existing over 500 million years. ©1994 American Institute of Physics.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.47007

出版商:AIP    

年代:1995

数据来源: AIP

摘要:

This paper examines a number of analytic models which can describe the gravitationally stabilized fusion reactor of the Sun. An analytical multiparameter model is shown to reproduce various structure parameters such as density, mass, pressure and temperature throughout the solar core, which have been obtained by solving numerically the system of solar structure differential equations. For simplicity, numerical and analytical results are discussed in detail for a two‐parameter model. ©1994 American Institute of Physics.

ISSN:0094-243X    

DOI:10.1063/1.47008

出版商:AIP    

年代:1995

数据来源: AIP