ISSN:0038-4348    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1978

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0038-4348    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1978

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;Four patients developed severe wheezing and dyspnea with clear chest films during the course of an influenza epidemic. A variety of factors appeared to play a role in the pathogenesis of the respiratory distress. Standard bronchodilator therapy produced no appreciable response. All patients did well with supportive care.

ISSN:0038-4348    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1978

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;Newborn infants are thought to be particularly susceptible to infection withMycobacterium tuberculosis, and the possibility of exposure to unrecognized clinical tuberculosis in nursery and hospital personnel is ever present. To reduce this possibility, periodic skin testing of hospital personnel is often carried out, and tuberculin‐positive personnel are given preventive treatment with isoniazid (INH). Also, environmental controls, such as ultraviolet light and periodic air exchange, are used. The efficacy of these measures has not been fully established. A nursery supervisor with smearand culture‐positive pulmonary tuberculosis and a productive cough exposed 528 newborns over a three‐month period before her disease was diagnosed. All 514 infants available for skin testing at approximately 3 months of age had negative skin tests. None received isoniazid preventive treatment. The nursery rooms all had ultraviolet lighting mounted above eye level. Calculated air changes per hour with positive pressure ventilation of fresh air ranged from 12 to 18. The hospital did not regularly test employees for tuberculosis. Periodic tuberculin testing of hospital personnel with preventive treatment of reactors presumably would have prevented this exposure.

ISSN:0038-4348    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1978

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0038-4348    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1978

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;This prospective study of the role that pelvic displacement osteotomy may have in the management of dislocatable hips in patients with myelomeningocele defines the technical points to be considered and gives preliminary results for ten hips in eight children. The procedure may salvage failed posterior iliopsoas transfers or, in patients not operated on previously, it may limit cephalad displacement of the femoral head. Both control of muscle imbalance and improvement of acetabular contour appear essential to a high rate of success in these patients. Eight of ten hips in this series were stable upon short‐term review. All patients were less than 7 years of age.

ISSN:0038-4348    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1978

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;From August 1973 through August 1976, 55 femoral shaft fractures in children were treated by manipulative reduction and immediate application of a double hip spica cast. All had satisfactory results and none had serious complications. Data from the study support our opinion that the immediate spica system is the treatment of choice for these fractures and that traction methods should probably be abandoned as definitive treatment of a femoral shaft fracture in a child.

ISSN:0038-4348    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1978

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;At our institution, 100 patients had ileal conduit diversion using the Pyrah technic between 1959 and 1975. The results of this technic compare favorably with those of other ileal conduit diversions, and it has the advantage of being somewhat shorter than the standard Bricker procedure. Sixty‐seven were done because of benign lesions of the urinary tract and 33 were done as part of the planned treatment of various malignant conditions. We did 56 diversions in patients with neurogenic bladder dysfunction. There were 67 early and 69 late complications, and the complication rate was much higher in patients having preoperative irradiation. The most common complications were wound infections, pyelonephritis, ureteroileal anastomotic leaks or stricture, and stomal stenosis. The upper urinary tracts showed signs of progressive deterioration after diversion in 19% of patients. The operative mortality was 6%. The mortality was four times greater in the group with malignant conditions.

ISSN:0038-4348    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1978

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;Studies of vesicoureteral reflux in a primate model were reviewed. Reflux was found to be uncommon in adults but frequent in infants, suggesting that maturation of the ureterovesical junction occurs. Repeated bladder infections did not prevent this maturation. Infection did not cause reflux unless the junction was only marginally competent. Reflux prolonged urinary tract infection in the infant, but in the adult monkey it did not.

ISSN:0038-4348    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1978

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;The recent rise in the number of patients with both glaucoma and cataracts has increased the controversy over the management of these concurrent problems. Visual acuity, strength of medication, and previous surgery must be considered when determining whether to do cataract extraction alone, glaucoma surgery alone, or a combined procedure. We have found that the type of glaucoma the patient has influences our choice of surgery. The combined procedure is reserved for patients who have had repeated attacks of angle‐closure glaucoma and those whose open‐angle glaucoma is difficult to control. Thermal sclerostomy with cataract extraction was successful in maintaining intraocular pressures of 18 mm Hg or lower without medication in 48 of 58 patients.

ISSN:0038-4348    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1978

数据来源: OVID