摘要:

This one-day celebration organised by the British Association for the Advancement of Science in collaboration with the British Institute of Radiology and the National Radiation Protection Board was held at the Royal Society, London, on November 8, 1985.

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-59-700-B21

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The last decade has witnessed an unprecedented and explosive expansion of new modalities in diagnostic imaging. To a great extent this is the result of the investment of governments in weapons research and space and energy exploration. These have produced significant break throughs and advances in microcomputers, microcircuits, telecommunications and miniaturisation of equipment. The impact of the application of the new imaging modalities has been significant. The patient flow is changing from predominantly in-patient to largely ambulatory as diagnostic examinations have become less and less invasive. Even some therapeutic procedures have shifted from the operating room, where anaesthesia was required, to the high-technology imaging suite where interventional radiologists remotely control instruments, with the help of one of the imaging modalities. These changes are accelerating as technological advances continue and the benefits are so obvious that even the most severe critics are challenging not their benefits but their affordability in view of their rapid dissemination and high price.Furthermore, the advances in imaging technology are occurring in an atmosphere of retrenchment in expenses and a determination on the part of society in the USA and elsewhere rigidly to control the cost of medicine.In 1984 $387.4 billion were spent on all types of health care in the US (Waldo&Lazenby, 1985).

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-59-700-309

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Digital radiography as a subject area is beginning to show rapid growth, and this book is an indication of this. It presents the proceedings of a summer school held in 1984 and organised by the American Association of Physicists in Medicine.

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-59-700-316-b

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractEleven cases of bleeding aneurysms and pseudoaneurysms, with and without arterio-venous fistula, involving different vascular territories were treated by transcatheter embolisation and the results are reported. Gelfoam was used in two cases and steel coils in the remaining nine cases. Embolisation by the steel-coil technique proved to be very efficient. The experience in these 11 cases shows that it is usually not necessary to embolise the aneurysm cavity but simply to occlude the feeding proximal vessel, consequently sparing the weak aneurysmic wall the risk of rupture and allowing the aneurysms to clot as a result of reduced or occluded blood flow.

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-59-700-317

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSeventy-four adults with documented deep-vein thrombosis of the pelvis and/or lower extremities had baseline and follow-up radionuclide venography (RNV), giving a total of 171 studies. Fifty-nine of the patients had unilateral venous thrombosis, of which 36 (61.0%) involved the left side and 23 (39.0%) the right. The higher incidence in the left side was attributed to the longer and more horizontal course of the left common iliac vein, as well as to compression by the right iliac artery and inguinal ligament. In 13 patients bilateral involvement was noted. “Normalisation” of the venous circulatory pattern was characterised by recanalisation and partial or significant disappearance of abnormal collaterals. This occurred in 43/74 patients. In 24 cases, no change was recorded during the interval, while seven patients deteriorated.

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-59-700-325

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIntravenous digital subtraction angiography has been used to investigate 40 patients with suspected bypass graft occlusion. Its accuracy and clinical impact have been assessed.

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-59-700-329

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTwo patients are presented who had each previously undergone resection of a primary lung carcinoma. They later developed the classical triad of loin pain, haematuria and an abdominal mass suggestive of a primary renal tumour. Investigations, including intravenous urography, ultrasound and renal arteriography, supported the diagnosis. However, at operation both patients had para-aortic lymph node metastases from the lung carcinoma surrounding the renal pedicle and invading the renal parenchyma. It is suggested that further investigations might allow pre-operative diagnosis and thus avoid the need for surgery in such patients.

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-59-700-333

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFifty-seven patients with carcinoma of the breast were assessed with serial mammograms following local excision and radiotherapy. The mammographic appearances due to radiotherapy were categorised and the changes in these with the passage of time have been studied. Residual tumour was identified on the basis of remaining malignant-type microcalcification. Local recurrence was identified on mammography. The most useful signs were the development of a mass lesion and the increase or development of malignant-type microcalcification. Differentiation of radiotherapy changes from recurrence of carcinoma can be made when a reaction that is normally due to radiotherapy occurs to an inappropriate degree, or with inappropriate timing.

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-59-700-337

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA new, special purpose, low-dose computed tomography scanner has been developed for the precise measurement of bone density in the distal radius. The instrument includes an125I source and four scintillation detectors which are scanned across a section of the forearm to produce a cross-sectional image. A number of innovative features have been included to improve patient comfort and scanner precision. The reproducibility for trabecular bone measurement was 0.5% for repeated scans in 22 subjects. The long-term precision in a group of normal subjects was better than 5 mg cm−3. The high precision and the separate measurement of trabecular bone make this technique suitable for the longitudinal study of bone density in metabolic bone disease.

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-59-700-345

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPhysical experiments are described which simulated the main practical and technical problems encountered in estimating iron concentrations in liver by dual-energy computed tomography. In aqueous solutions located in an oval water phantom, the presence of Fe at concentrations of 1 and 2 mg/ml was detected and estimated with good accuracy and reproducibility. The main physical problem was that water showed a non-zero dual-energy difference reading whose magnitude varied with location, but this potential error was largely eliminated by measuring the location-specific water values using a technique readily adapted to patient studies. Experiments with pieces of bovine tissue in the same system suggested that the dual-energy response shown by liver tissue may include an Fe-independent contribution, reflecting its organic composition (including fat content): if attributed to Fe, this would correspond to an error<± 1 mg/g wet weight in the evaluation.

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-59-700-351

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY