摘要:

AbstractRadiological observations in 28 patients with Paget's disease of bone treated for 10–40 months with synthetic human calcitonin are presented. A method of evaluating and scoring radiological changes was devised. The results suggest that response to treatment is dose-related. No patient on a dose of 0·5 mg twice daily showed evidence of deterioration and five showed improvement. On a dose of 0·5 mg a day, three patients improved and four deteriorated. On 0·5 mg a week, four patients deteriorated and none improved.

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-47-553-1

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA 6-year-old boy with juvenile Paget's disease and recurrent fractures has been treated by daily intramuscular injections of 1 mg of synthetic human calcitonin for 16 months. Regression of the bony abnormalities was apparent within seven months of the start of treatment. Levels of serum alkaline phosphatase and urine hydroxyproline fell during the first four months, but have remained high ever since. We suggest that these continuing high levels reflect in part the healing of the diseased bones.

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-47-553-9

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Most people will be familiar now with at least one of the twenty year-books published in medical specialties. The1973 Year Book of Nuclear Medicineinterprets the title rather liberally, covering most applications of radioisotopes in medicine (and, in one case, zoology).

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-47-553-15

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe doses received by the staff of the cardiac catheterization laboratory of the Brompton Hospital, London, have been measured at various positions upon their bodies. The measurements have been combined with the findings of a radiation survey to compare the hazards associated with the overcouch X-ray tube mounting now employed, with those of the undercouch tube mounting in use for four years previously.It is seen that the advantages of the overcouch X-ray tube are accompanied by increased potential radiation hazards to the staff. In a busy department diligent attention to protection discipline is essential to restrict radiation dosages, to the cardiologist in particular, to the maximum levels given in the Code of Practice (H.M.S.O., 1972).

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-47-553-16

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe use of ultrasonic pulse echo techniques to measure the biparietal diameter (BPD) of fetal headsin uteroand to monitor fetal growth rate has now become a routine procedure. Various claims as to the accuracy of ultrasonic cephalometry have been made. In an effort to reduce systematically the error in prediction of gestation age, an ultrasonic investigation has been made of aborted fetuses with a view to explaining the existence of a range of midline images.Our work suggests that whilst a midline is a necessary condition for BPD determination it is not, in general, a sufficient one. We have been able to demonstrate a variety of midlines corresponding to differing diameters of the fetal head at various levels of the fetal skull. Variations in acoustic impedance over the plane containing the falx cerebri are postulated to explain the appearance and position of the midlines. Beam divergence is adduced to explain our further observation that even when the sound strikes the fetal skull at angles other than normal incidence an image with a midline may nevertheless be found.A modification of the Campbell technique of determining biparietal diameters is proposed.

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-47-553-24

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe attainment of a tilted isocentre in radiotherapy treatments using the basic angular systems of a fully isocentric machine is described. Mathematical analysis is used to prove the system, and to calculate the data required for its practical application. The results are presented graphically to facilitate the routine use of the system.

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-47-553-34

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe effects of radiation upon circulating lymphocytes have been measured by two independent means, one monitoring the level of cytogenetic damage appearing in these cells, the other monitoring changes in their proliferative response to stimulation in culture by phytohaemagglutin (PHA). Response to PHA can be expressed quantitatively as lymphocyte replicating ability (LRA),i.e.the degree of3H-thymidine uptake measured under standardized conditions. Varying degrees of depression of LRA have been noted within a group of patients undergoing a wide range of radiotherapeutic procedures. The concomitant cytogenetic studies indicate that although cells bearing radiation damage do persist in the circulation after irradiation their numbers are insufficient to account for the marked reduction seen at the same time in LRA. It appears that the reduction is largely due to a fall in the number of thymusdependent lymphocytes in the circulatory pool.

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-47-553-37

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA retrospective study of late effects of irradiation on skin and underlying connective tissues in 94 testis tumour patients was conducted 5–8 years after irradiation. The late lesions were classified into five degrees of “severity of injury”. Among this population of patients, there was marked variation of “severity of injury” produced by similar dosage; or when viewed differently, each degree of “severity of injury” was produced by a wide range of doses. Therefore, since the late response of connective tissues was not constant, a “tolerance dose” could not be established, but only a “percent probability of threat” of a specific degree of injury.The data also indicate that within certain limits, the late effects are independent of overall time; and that they are dependent on the size of the daily fraction. Furthermore, biological features of non-proliferating connective tissue are not applicable to dynamically proliferating normal epithelial and cancerous tissues.

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-47-553-44

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMany institutions are still using85Sr for routine bone scanning due to the difficulty in acquiring or preparing short-lived radiopharmaceutical for this purpose. Five patients were studied for the use of167Tm HEDTA (half life 9·8 days) as a bone scanning agent.167Tm has been shown to be superior to85Sr on the basis of the detected photons for the same radiation dose to the patient. We have compared the167Tm HEDTA results with those obtained with18F in the same patients and found it to give images of equivalent quality.

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-47-553-51

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Until the middle 1960s, almost all reports in the literature relating to the safety of radio-pharmaceuticals referred only to radiation hazards. Accounts of specific adverse effects were also of this nature, usually an accidental over-exposure to radiation. A scattered literature later began to appear recording adverse reactions to the vehicle carrying the source of radiation and similar reports were from time to time mentioned among colleagues.During approximately the last decade there has been an explosive increase in the clinical usefulness of imaging using radioactive tracers. In part, this has been a result of improved instrumentation but a significant factor has been the introduction of a variety of vehicles for the radioactive tracer chosen. During roughly the same period, methods have been developed to make short-lived nuclides available at the site of use by elution from a column containing the longer-lived parent. This gave new impetus to the search for chemicals having desirable organspecific qualities which could be quickly and easily labelled with such nuclides. Thus there arose the current, still expanding, situation of a wide range of materials of various chemical and physical forms being in routine clinical use.The Nuclear Medicine Committee of the British Institute of Radiology decided, in 1972, to recommend to the Council of that Institute that it undertake informally to circulate a questionnaire to known users of radio-pharmaceuticals. This recommendation was accepted and the questionnaire was sent to 73 individuals.

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-47-553-54

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY