摘要:

The growth in the demand for diagnostic radiology continues throughout the world. In Britain estimates vary, but a growth rate of between 5 and 10% per annum has been reported from many centres, and there is no evidence that a plateau has been reached.It is thetoretically possible to meet the demand by increasing resources, and an attempt has been made to do this. According to Raison (1976) the number of diagnostic radiologists increased by 15% between 1967 and 1972, but the workload in the same period rose by 30%, so that the demand exceeded capacity to meet it. At a time when many new and exciting developments are taking place in diagnostic radiology there is anxiety that the increasing workload could result in decreasing quality of radiological work.

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-50-593-299

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

There is an angiocardiogram of a catheter-perforated ventricle on the wrapper of this formidable book. It is only one of many (beautifully printed) pictures to make the radiologist reader wince. At one level the volume might be taken as a collection of horror stories, painstaking, comprehensive and spine-chilling.

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-50-593-301

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAnalysis of the individual components of the vertebrae permits the radiologist to identify and understand the fundamental physio-pathologic growth mechanisms affecting shape, size and architecture which operated during development. The achievement of this goal is facilitated by systematically paying attention to changes of the vertebral end-plates, anterior and posterior aspects of the vertebral body, the vertebral rim, neurocentral junction and interpedicular distance. The dynamic changes noted in followup studies of the spine in certain dysplasias may reveal the developmental history of the vertebral complex. The dimension of time is an important factor, which the radiologist has a unique opportunity to exploit. Vertebral configuration permits radiological analysis and diagnosis.

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-50-593-302

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The long course on diseases of bones and joints, sponsored in 1975 by the United States – Canadian Division of the International Academy of Pathology, was aimed at “continuing education for pathologists and clinicians”, and this publication will undoubtedly accomplish this objective.

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-50-593-311

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDirect needle arteriography of “pulseless” femoral arteries is described. The information obtained, and the excellent detail of the arterial tree, is discussed in cases of collateral filling of the femoral artery. Evaluation of occluded by-pass grafts is also mentioned.

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-50-593-312

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe effects of60Co γ rays and DTIC on two human malignant melanomas, inoculated and passed serially in athymic mutant nude mice, were studiedin vivo. Dose-response curves determined after single exposures to60Co γ radiation indicate that human malignant melanomas remain radioresistant after transplantation in mutant nude mice. A fractionated irradiation régime, used in the treatment of patients suffering from malignant melanomas, had a considerable effect but did not cure. A corresponding treatment régime with DTIC inhibited the tumour growth, but less effectively than60Co γ rays. These two treatments combined were more effective than either alone. The results obtained show no disagreement with results from clinical practice regarding treatment of disseminated malignant melanomas. This suggests that human malignant tissue, transplanted to mutant nude mice, retains its properties with respect to response to therapy. The mutant nude mouse may therefore be valuable in developing new treatment régimes for cancer.

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-50-593-314

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe response of a murine tumour to single doses of X rays has been measured using three different assays—animal cure, cell survivalin vitroafter irradiationin vivo, and tumour growth delay. The dose to cure 50% of the animals, the TCD50, was 79.0 Gy. This was not affected by clamping the tumours to render all the cells hypoxic at the time of irradiation, implying that most of the cells in the tumour were hypoxic already. The enhancement ratio for the hypoxic cell sensitizer Ro-07-0582 was 2.1. The cell survival assay gave an enhancement ratio of 1.6 and an hypoxic fraction of 5%. The discrepancy in the estimates of the hypoxic fraction can be explained by the ability of the naturally hypoxic cells, but not the oxic ones, to recover from potentially lethal damagein vivo. Neither the cell survival assay nor the growth delay assay agreed with the TCD50assay as to the effect of the hypoxic cell sensitizer, even allowing for recovery from potentially lethal damage. It is doubtful whether the measured survival curve would predict the measured TCD50.

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-50-593-321

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAbsorbed doses to red marrow and blood from131I therapy have been re-evaluated using data which has become available more recently. Uncertainties in the calculations are discussed and a comparison is made with previously published dose estimates. The mean dose to red marrow from the treatment of hyperthyroidism is estimated to be 0.59 rad mCi−1, compared with 0.36 rad mCi−1for the euthyroid state.

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-50-593-329

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

With the changes arising from the Health and Safety at Work Act and the European Council Directive on basic safety standards for protection against ionizing radiation, any guidance that enables the ICRP permissible dose limits to be interpreted in legislation and instrument design would be welcome.

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-50-593-331

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA whole-body counter comprising rectangular liquid scintillator detector modules is described. Photomultipliers are used economically and the use of local shielding leads to a further reduction in cost. In conjunction with a moving bed, the modular arrangement provides a versatile system which allows high sensitivity static counting using all detectors, or scan counting using selected combinations of detectors. The total body potassium content of a standard man (140 g K) can be estimated with a statistical counting error of 2.2% in a counting time of 1000 seconds. Methods of using the counter for total body potassium and gastro-intestinal absorption measurements are presented.

DOI:10.1259/0007-1285-50-593-332

出版商:The British Institute of Radiology    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY