ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Presenting this lecture named for my colleague, the late Robert Tiffany, is an honor. He was part of the first International Conference on Cancer Nursing 20 years ago, which was my first international meeting. It was part of what expanded our Texas-only cancer prevention and detection program for nurses into an international effort. Lessons acquired through this work in the past include learning to respect and honor cultural differences, adapting control programs to the resources at hand, accepting a role as a leader and being an agent for change, and passing on what has been learned to others. The challenges of today include the worldwide death and disability toll of lung cancer, the threat of breast cancer and the promise of regular screening to lower its morbidity and mortality, and the hope that a willingness to adapt screening for cervical cancer in developing countries will lower its mortality rate. Twenty years in the future we can expect nurses to remain educators, exemplars, and agents of change; cancer prevention and early detection to rise in the hierarchy of care; continued collaborative care between physicians and nurses; enhanced patient care through information access; and a larger role for cancer genetics in nursing practice.

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Communication is a vital component of nursing care that can improve outcomes for patients with cancer and their families in terms of psychological distress. Research indicates that nurses' communication skills have shown little improvement over the last 20 years. Communication is a practical skill that can be learned in theory from the literature or educational programs, but putting theory to practice in the clinical setting is far more problematic. Nurses need to be aware of their own communication skills by listening to themselves and learning from their mistakes. Only with this practice will skills improve. Communication can make or mar a person's illness experience. It is time for nurses to take effective communication seriously and actively accept personal responsibility for their actions because there is clear evidence showing that good communication makes a difference for patients and their families.

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

In the next century, tobacco will become the number-one cause of preventable death throughout the world, resulting in half a billion deaths. As global patterns of tobacco use change, tobacco-related morbidity and mortality will shift from developed countries to developing countries. Internationally, lung cancer will become the fifth leading cause of preventable death, affecting an increasing number of women. Tobacco cessation after a diagnosis of cancer may decrease treatment-related morbidity and increase survival. With the increasing number of cancer survivors, tobacco cessation becomes an important part of rehabilitation. This article aims to provide a foundation for developing strategies to involve cancer nurses throughout the world in an international campaign to prevent tobacco-related morbidity and mortality. The devastating health impacts of tobacco are reviewed, and highlights of new scientific findings about nicotine addiction are presented. New approaches to tobacco prevention, legislation, and regulatory policies are discussed. Tobacco assessment strategies and treatment interventions for use in cancer nursing clinical practice are reviewed, and global strategies for nursing action in tobacco control are offered.

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The developing knowledge of cancer is paving the way for a new era of management of this disease. New scientific knowledge has enabled different and exciting modes of cancer therapy to be tested in the clinical setting. These innovations will lead to the availability of novel cytotoxic agents in the near future. In addition to such agents, the last few years has seen the emergence of new radiotherapy and surgical techniques that have the potential to radically change nursing practice. Such developments require a knowledgeable nursing workforce who can provide anticipatory care in tandem with supportive care strategies to facilitate optimal patient outcomes. This article considers potential future developments in cancer management and raises the issue of nursing being integral to the treatment process.

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The modern hospice movement had its formal beginnings in the United Kingdom with the 1967 opening of the St. Christopher's Hospice in London by Dame Cicely Saunders. Global uptake of the hospice principles and, more recently, palliative care, is widespread. However, the movement has shifted from charismatic, charity-based, and independent hospices to routinized and increasingly bureaucratized palliative care. Global differences exist around the degree to which hospice and palliative care are established components of the health care system. Access appears to increase with the integration of services into mainstream health funding. The downside of this is increased regulation, competition, and a potential loss of specificity for those who are dying. This article explores the changing face of palliative care, with particular emphasis on palliative care delivery in the developing world. These issues for developing countries include access to services, access to morphine, and professional access to information and education.

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Social attitudes toward cancer, participation in early detection and screening services, and compliance with treatment are all known to be profoundly affected by cultural beliefs and norms. It is thus imperative that oncology nurses develop cultural competence and deliver culturally sensitive care. Cross-cultural nursing studies also require cultural sensitivity because they rely on the accurate choice of culturally relevant research methods. However, the specific steps that should be taken to enhance the cultural relevance of both nursing health care delivery and nursing research have yet to be elaborated. This article aims to clarify these issues on the basis of a critical survey of the literature on cultural views of cancer in multiethnic societies and in various countries around the world. The analysis of studies focusing on this subject illuminates misconceptions that may interfere with the application of cancer nursing to other cultures, and possible misinterpretations of cultural and cross-cultural research findings. The conclusions drawn from this analysis concern practical means for facilitating nurses' ability to properly address cultural diversity through the incorporation of culture-related variables into nursing interventions. They also relate to the education of nurses about cross-cultural aspects of cancer, culturally sensitive assessment tools, comparative studies, and theories in the field of international cancer nursing, all of which await further development.

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Quality of life perceptions, the meaning of cancer perception, and the meaning of illness are culture bound. Culture includes learned and shared ways of interpreting the world and interacting in society, and thereby provides all individuals with ideas about what is good or bad, desirable or undesirable, valued or devalued in life. Israel is an immigration country, and its citizens came from all over the world. It is also a meeting zone between Middle Eastern traditional culture and Western modern medicine. Cancer patients and a substantial proportion of doctors, nurses, and other health care professionals are from different ethnic backgrounds. In hospitals, clinics, and other places where health professionals live, work, or relax, there is a network of cultural factors that plays an important role in the well-being of patients. Cultural effects can considerably complicate the assessment of how an individual is likely to react to various aspects of the hospital environment, medical condition, treatment, staff, fellow patients, and so on. Ideal management includes the foresight to forestall problems that may arise and to create favorable psychosomatic effects that help patients to respond positively to treatment. To illustrate the cultural component in nursing care, four cancer patients from totally different cultural backgrounds are described: a bedouin, an Israeli-born Jew whose parents immigrated from Tunisia, and two immigrant patients, one from the United States and the other from Ethiopia. All four patients were treated by chemotherapy, radiation, or both in an oncology daycare unit at the Soroka Medical Center in Beer-Sheva. Also, a special education program for immigrant nurses is presented, as well as a new immigrant nurse from the former Soviet Union.

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

When the human experience is reduced to basic feelings, it becomes evident that the impact of cancer produces similar responses in people around the world. These responses are affected by the individual's culture, myths, and beliefs. Latin America includes several countries, each with different traditions and backgrounds. This article illuminates common cultural health beliefs in Latin America that play a significant role in the way Latin Americans perceive the experience of cancer. Nurses providing care to cancer patients should be aware of cultural differences and familiar with the lifeways of the major cultural groups in order to meet the needs of the patients under their care.

ISSN:0162-220X    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1999

数据来源: OVID