摘要:

Lyophilised birch pollen allergen extracts, reconstituted with different diluents (H2O, saline, Albumin diluent® (AD)) were investigated to determine whether the allergen activity and quality of the extracts deteriorated by nebulization with different nebulizers (Pari, Wright, and Samdoz). Allergen activity was measured by IgG4RAST inhibition technique and allergen quality was analysed by crossed immunoelectrophoresis (CIE). The distribution of particle sizes of aerosols different allergen solutions was determined by a TSI Aerodynamic Particle Sizer. A significant difference (P<0.05) in allergen activity was found between the AD and H2O diluents before and after using a Sandoz nebulizer and a Wright nebulizer equipped with a small chamber. This suggested greater allergen activity in AD‐diluted solutions, and the pattern was repeated with the other two nebulizers, but was not statistically significant. The samples diluted with saline showed no significant differences in quality after nebulization except for the impacted aerosol in which one of the precipitates was slightly diminished. In the AD‐diluted sample one of the precipitates disappeared from the impacted aerosol and from the nebulization chamber after 2 min nebulization. To CIE with rabbit anti‐human albumin in an intermediate gel. By this procedure one precipitate was transformed to a precipitate in the intermediate gel, indicating that one or more proteins in the extracts may associate with albumin. No significant difference in output was observed between the nebulizers. The particle size distribution curves for each diluent (saline, AD) were identical for the Wright nebulizer with 99% of the dry particles distributed within 0.5–2.0 μm. Although allergen solutions reconstituted with different diluents were not deteriorated in different nebulizers, it may be that the addition of human albumin to an allergen solution may induce one or more proteins in the extracts to associate with it. This could reduce allergen adsorption over periods longer than this study. The use of different diluents did not change the distribution of particle size generated by the nebuliz

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1991.tb00535.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1991.tb00640.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1991.tb00641.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1991.tb00642.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1991.tb00643.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1991.tb00644.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

During a 10‐year period 1,050 medical students were questioned regarding allergy and allergy like symptoms and 612 of them underwent skin prick tests with dog, cat timothy and birch allergens. Symptoms of eczema, asthma or non‐infectious rhmitis, past or current, or current reactions of pollen, lured animals, dust mould or food flexure type and a further 8% reported past symptoms of the same kind. Current contact eczema was reported by 7% and past contact eczema by a further 3%. Daily treatment with ointments was reported by 52% of the students with current flexure eczema and by 17% with current contact eczema. Current asthma was reported by 5% and past asthma by a further 3%. Of those with current asthma. 88% were allergic to pollens and/or lured animals and 57% used anti‐asthmatic drugs for at least 2 weeks/year. Current allergic symptoms in the nose and/or eyes were reported by 29% and a further 2% reported past symptoms. Of those with current symptoms 64% were allergic to pollens and/or furred animals, as judged by the history and skin tests. Almost 60% of the students with pollen allergy used anti‐allergic drugs for at least 2 weeks/year. Allergy to pollens was reported by 17%, to animals by 12%, to house dust by 10% to moulds by 2% and to foods by 15%. Allergy reported and confirmed by a prick test was found in 8% against birch, 6% against timothy, 10% against cat and 5% against dog. These prevalence figures are high, but are in accordance with those in other recent studies. Interestingly, no tendency to increasing figures with time was found during the study

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1991.tb00537.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1991.tb00645.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1991.tb00646.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Eosmophil cationic protein (ECP) is a protein specific to the granules of human eosinophil granulocytes. ECP is highly cationic and may damage tissue if not inactivated. Heparin is a highly anionic substance present in mast cells and basophil granulocytes. The presentin vitrostudy shows that ECP can inactivate the anticoagulant activity of heparin probably by the formation of a complex between the two molecules. This function may be of importance for the microenvironment of allergic diseases where secretion of heparin may promote penetration of mast cell products through tissues. Also this may constitute one mechanism whereby the cytotosic action of ECP is neutralized.

ISSN:0105-4538    

DOI:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1991.tb00538.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY