ISSN:0368-2935    

DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1959.tb01602.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0368-2935    

DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1959.tb01603.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0368-2935    

DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1959.tb01604.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0368-2935    

DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1959.tb01605.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0368-2935    

DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1959.tb01606.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryTheadultLeucinodes orbonalishas a median testicular mass from the posterior side of which a pair of vasa deferentia arises. Each vas deferens swells to form a seminal vesicle which continues behind into the long coiled paired ejaculatory duct into which also opens an accessory gland. The two paired ducts join to form the unpaired ejaculatory duct. The tubular aedeagus has a leafy valve on each side. The genitalia are covered above by a broad tegumen bearing a spherical uncus at its apex. The vinculum is a narrow plate below.The aedeagus and valves develop from the bifurcation of a pair of genital rudiments arising on the ninth sternum of the larva and hanging into the primary genital invagination formed on the ninth sternal region. The tegumen and uncus arise from the ninth and tenth terga respectively and the vinculum from the ninth sternum.The paired ejaculatory ducts arise as paired rudiments from the apex of the primary genital invagination. The accessory glands originate from the longitudinal splitting of the anterior ends of these rudiments. True vasa deferentia are formed from the testicular covering and join the paired ejaculatory ducts in the region of the eighth segment. The unpaired ejaculatory duct develops by the fusion of the aedeagus lobes and from the ectodermal invagination between them. The paired testes fuse with each other to form a median mass.

ISSN:0368-2935    

DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1959.tb01607.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryInthe adult, the ovaries have four ovarioles each. The paired oviducts join to form the common oviduct which opens on the ninth sternum through the muscular vagina. The tubular spermatheca opens into the vagina dorsally and a pair of tubular accessory glands opens in it posteriorly through a reservoir. The ventrally situated bursa opens on the eighth sternum by the ductus bursae which, in turn, communicates with the vagina by the narrow ductus seminalis.The ovaries arise as paired patches in the early larva. Later, these differentiate into ovarioles and their epithelial coverings form a pair of solid cords of cells which run up to the seventh segment. These develop lumina and give rise to the mesodermal parts of the paired oviducts in the pfepupa. The uterine and spermathecal rudiments appear as unpaired invaginations towards the posterior borders of the eighth and ninth segments respectively. The wide uterine rudiment grows forward and bifurcates and, in the late prepupa, each branch joins with the mesodermal paired oviduct of its side. A pouch arises ventrally from the uterine rudiment and forms the bursa. The spermathecal rudiment also grows forward. Its anterior part forms the spermatheca while the middle part touches and communicates with the uterine rudiment. A pouch arising from the posterodorsal aspect of the spermathecal rudiment gives out two outgrowths, thus forming the reservoir and the accessory glands. The connection between the bursa and the uterine rudiment narrows down to form the ductus seminalis so that the opening of the spermathecal rudiment becomes mainly the opening of the oviduct and the opening of the uterine rudiment that of the bursa.A pair of small ectodermal longitudinal grooves appears in the anterior parts of each of the eighth and ninth sterna in the early fourth instar larva. These are not connected with the uterine or spermathecal rudiments at any stage and disappear in the prepupa. These are considered to represent the ovipositors.The homology of the male and female organs has been discussed.

ISSN:0368-2935    

DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1959.tb01608.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary1. Three hundred and fifty‐one specimens of Forest, or, Three‐toed Kingfisher from Malaysia and nearby islands were examined in a quantitative study of the characters distinguishing the dark‐backed taxon,Ceyx erithacus, from the rufous‐backed taxon,C. rufidorsus.2. All the characters were shown to be variable and some form of intergradation between homologous characters was present in the majority of the sample.3. The frequency with which intergradation was found to occur between allo‐patric populations indicated that the two taxa freely interbreed wherever they come into contact.4. It is proposed that the taxa should be regarded as forming one polytypic species,Ceyx erithacus(Linnaeus).5. In a brief review of the palaeogeography of the area it was suggested that the rufous bird evolved in the islands of Malaysia while secondary isolation in northeastern Borneo resulted in the evolution of the dark‐winged rufous‐backed form characteristic of northern Borneo.6. With a fall in sea level at the height of the ice‐age there was a resumption of gene flow between previously isolated populations.7. Currently some of the effect of the exchange of genes is not readily evident due to swamping.8. A brief systematic review of the races ofCeyx erith

ISSN:0368-2935    

DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1959.tb01609.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary1. The literature on the use of paper chromatography in taxonomic work is reviewed briefly.2. The technique of paper chromatography on disks is described and the method has been applied to a number of species ofLymnaea.3. The chromatographic patterns of the species studied are described and discussed.4. The implications of the discovery of species‐specific substances in the body surface mucus of snails are discussed, both from the taxonomic and parasitological points of view.5. The possibilities of applying two‐dimensional chromatography to the free amino‐acids of snail blood are disc

ISSN:0368-2935    

DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1959.tb01610.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1959

数据来源: WILEY