ISSN:0737-0024    

DOI:10.1207/s15327051hci0301_1

出版商:Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

In creating computer-based systems, we work within a perspective that shapes the design questions that will be asked and the kinds of solutions that are sought. This article introduces a perspective based on language as action, and explores its consequences for system design. We describe a communication tool called The Coordinator, which was designed from a language/action perspective; and we suggest how further aspects of coordinated work might be addressed in a similar style. The language/action perspective is illustrated with an example based on studies of nursing work in a hospital ward and contrasted to other currently prominent perspectives.

ISSN:0737-0024    

DOI:10.1207/s15327051hci0301_2

出版商:Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

What are the requirements on computer- and telecommunications-based tools to aid groups in producing intellectual products? In this article we examine research collaborations as a particularly informative example of group work and propose a framework for describing research collaboration that should provide guidance to those developing technology to support collaborative work. The framework is based on 50 semistructured interviews with researchers in psychology, management science, and computer science. It focuses on the problems in forming and maintaining personal relationships and completing tasks that researchers must solve to have a successful collaboration. These problems occur when collaborators are initiating projects, executing them, and documenting results.

ISSN:0737-0024    

DOI:10.1207/s15327051hci0301_3

出版商:Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Many researchers have investigated and speculated about the link between information technology and organizational structure with very mixed results. This article suggests that part of the reason for these mixed results is the coarseness of previous analyses of both technology and structure. It describes a new and much more detailed perspective for investigating this link. Using concepts of object-oriented programming from artificial intelligence, the information processing that occurs in organizations is characterized in terms of the kinds of messages people exchange and the ways they process those messages. The utility of this approach is demonstrated through the analysis of a case in which a reduction in levels of management is coupled with the introduction of a computer conferencing system. The detailed model developed for this case helps explain both macro-level data about the changes in the organizational structure, and micro-level data about individuals' use of the system.

ISSN:0737-0024    

DOI:10.1207/s15327051hci0301_4

出版商:Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor