摘要:

Hexane extracts of four commercial preparations of coal tar shampoos were studied for their mutagenic properties in the Salmonella /liver test system in vitro. Three of the four shampoos were highly mutagenic, whereas the fourth was not – under our experimental conditions. By high-performance liquid chromatographic, gas-liquid chromatographic, and gas-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometric analyses, more than 35 distinct fractions could be resolved; seven polycyclic aromatic chemicals believed to be present in coal tar were tentatively assigned as the major component of some of these fractions. The shampoo extract that was most mutagenic had a greater number of distinct fractions and contained approximately 50 times more benzo[a]pyrene, compared with the one shampoo extract that was not mutagenic under our experimental conditions. The possible clinical hazards of this observed mutagenicity of certain coal tar shampoos are presently not know

ISSN:0031-7012    

DOI:10.1159/000137336

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1980

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0031-7012    

DOI:10.1159/000137392

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1980

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

10 monkeys (macaques) received adriamycin by monthly intravenous injections at 12 mg/m2 (1 mg/kg). 8 of the 10 monkeys developed congestive heart failure at an average cumulative adriamycin dose (310 mg/m2) well below that considered the safe upper limit (550 mg/ m2) in man. Histologically, the myocardial lesions resembled those found in human anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy. 1 of the 10 monkeys developed acute myeloblastic leukemia after receiving 324 mg/m2 of adriamycin; the 10th monkey is alive and well 26 months after the last dose of drug. Our results suggest that adriamycin is a more potent cardiotoxin in monkeys than in man, and that leukemia may be a consequence of prolonged treatment with this drug.

ISSN:0031-7012    

DOI:10.1159/000137337

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1980

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The effects of 19 nitrate esters of genins and glycosides on the isolated guinea pig atrium and ileum were studied. The positive inotropic effect of glycoside nitrates correlated with the contracting effect on the ileum. Genin nitrates with weak cardiac activity were found to exert smooth muscle relaxing effects. Compared to genin nitrates, glyceryl trinitrate had a weaker relaxing effect on the ileum. On the coronary strip it had a stronger effect than Δ14-anhydrodigitoxigenin-3β-mononitrate, the most effective smooth muscle relaxing genin nitrat

ISSN:0031-7012    

DOI:10.1159/000137338

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1980

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The influence of age on tissue distribution of digoxin in mice and guinea pigs and uptake by mouse heart slices was investigated. 4 h after a single dose of 3H-digoxin, tissue:plasma ratios were significantly greater in very young animals and declined with increasing age. A similar relationship was apparent for packed red blood cell:plasma concentration ratios in mice. Uptake of 3H-digoxin by heart tissue slices was also higher for 21-day-old mice than 200-day-old mice. These data seem to correlate with the larger volume of distribution of digoxin observed in the young. Tissue digoxin relative to plasma concentration seems higher in the young, although they appear less sensitive to the effects of cardiac glycosides.

ISSN:0031-7012    

DOI:10.1159/000137339

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1980

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Rat lung slices were used to examine the effects of citalopram, a compound reported to be a specific inhibitor of neuronal uptake of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5HT), on the pulmonary accumulation of 5HT, noradrenaline (NA), imipramine (IP) and paraquat (PQ). 5 x 10–9 mol/l citalopram inhibited 5HT uptake by 30–40% but NA uptake was not affected at any of the concentrations of citalopram studied. At the highest concentrations of citalopram (10–5 to 10–4 mol/l) the accumulation of IP and PQ was reduced by 25–30%. It is concluded that at low concentrations, citalopram is a specific and potent inhibitor of 5HT uptake by rat lu

ISSN:0031-7012    

DOI:10.1159/000137340

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1980

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The thyroid accumulation, metabolism and urine excretion of (3SS) propylthiouracil was compared in the guinea pig and the rat. Per gram thyroid tissue, the guinea pig thyroid took up much less drug than the rat, metabolised it faster and had a shorter t½for total 3SS and free (35S) propylthiouracil. Liver metabolism, clearance of the drug from the serum and excretion in the urine were also considerably faster in the guinea pig. It is likely that a much larger dose of propylthiouracil would need to be administered to induce goitre in the guinea pig than is necessary in the rat

ISSN:0031-7012    

DOI:10.1159/000137341

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1980

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The effects of several paired analogs of angiotensin II and angiotensin III, designed as antagonists, have been compared in isolated smooth muscle (rat uterus) and by in vivo rat blood pressure assay. These analogs were (l)the angiotensin II series: (1-sarcosine, 7-X, 8-isoleucine-) angiotensin II, and (2) the angiotensin III series: (1-despartyl, 7-X, 8-isoleucine)angiotensin II, where X = sarcosine, N-methyl-L-alanine or DL-nipecotic acid. All of these analogs had very low pressor and myotropic activities in the vagotomized, ganglion-blocked rat and the isolated rat uterus, respectively, although the angiotensin II analogs had significantly higher intrinsic pressor activity than the angiotensin III analogs. In addition, the angiotensin II analogs were potent antagonists of the contractile response to angiotensin II in the rat uterus whereas the angiotensin III analogs were weak inhibitors. These observations demonstrate the existence of functional differences for the proline residue in angiotensin II and angiotensin HI analogs and may reflect differences in conformation and modes of binding to smooth muscle receptors between the two classes of peptides.

ISSN:0031-7012    

DOI:10.1159/000137342

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1980

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Following acute alcohol administration (80–160 mg/l00 g body weight) histamine levels of rat brain cortex and thalamus were elevated and histidine decarboxylase activity was decreased. The effect was less pronounced after chronic alcohol treatment (15% v/v in drinking water for 4 weeks). In the striatum there was no change in the metabolic pattern of histamine. Histamine-N-methyltransferase was unaffected in either case. Depolarisation-induced release of histamine was inhibited by alcohol in the hypothalamus, thalamus and cortex. The results indicate that ethanol affects the histamine metabolism and release processes in the histaminergic pathway of the brai

ISSN:0031-7012    

DOI:10.1159/000137343

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1980

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0031-7012    

DOI:10.1159/000137397

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1980

数据来源: Karger