ISSN:0031-7012    

DOI:10.1159/000136738

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

This study was designed to investigate whether the cholinergic system is involved in the genesis of the reflex vasodilatation which follows the systemic hypertension induced by fast intravenous injection of norepinephrine in the dog. Accordingly, in 7 dogs the gracilis muscle was isolated and perfused and the reflex evoked. The analysis of the integrated areas of vasodilatation after atropine pretreatment showed a significant decrease of the reflex response in the perfused circulation. In fact, the mean value of the integrated areas of vasodilatation which was 66 ± 8 mm Hg/min in the control condition, was reduced to 45 ± 4 mm Hg/min after administration of atropine in the gracilis artery; meanwhile the integrated areas of systemic hypertension did not show any change. Phentolamine intra-arterial administration completely abolished the reflex. These results suggest the existence of a cholinergic component in the reflex vasodilatation induced by transitory baroreceptorial stimulatio

ISSN:0031-7012    

DOI:10.1159/000136739

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0031-7012    

DOI:10.1159/000136956

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1967

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Inflammation was induced by application of kaolin into the hind paws of rats and its development under the influence of carboxypeptidase N and aprotinin (Antilysin®) was followed and compared with the effect of the phenylbutazone type of drugs. Partly purified rat serum carboxypeptidase N, applied subaponeurally (20 mg/kg) together with a nociceptive agent (kaolin), inhibited the inflammation very effectively. Aprotinin, applied as above (10,000 U/kg), enhanced the inflammatory reaction; if applied intraperitoneally 1 h before kaolin, it displayed anti-inflammatory effects similar to that of phenylbutazone (100 mg/kg). Carboxypeptidase N, administered intraperitoneally before kaolin, had a similar anti-inflammatory effect. The effect of phenylbutazone, ketazon and trimetazon on the bradykinin-induced rat uterus contraction was followed. All these substances inhibit the response of isolated rat uterus to bradykinin. From the results it can be assumed that phenylbutazone, ketazon and trimetazon exercise their effect by blocking centres of the rat uterus which are important for the constrictor effect of bradykinin

ISSN:0031-7012    

DOI:10.1159/000136740

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Ergot alkaloids possess a wide and divergent spectrum of central and peripheral pharmacodynamic actions. They interfere with different receptor sites to stimulate and/or inhibit effector structures. The concept of partial agonism on α-adrenoreceptors has replaced the ancient hypothesis of direct stimulation of vascular and uterine smooth muscle. The mechanisms which are considered to be relevant for the therapeutic use of dihydroergotamine, a potent drug increasing venous tone, and of bromocriptine, a specific inhibitor of prolactin secretion, are discussed in more detail

ISSN:0031-7012    

DOI:10.1159/000136805

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The distribution and movements of 14C-gentamicin were examined in rabbit aortic smooth muscle under a variety of conditions. Uptake of 14C-gentamicin reached a maximum value within 20 min. As the Ca2+ concentration in the incubation solution was increased to 10 mM, 14C-gentamicin tissue uptake was decreased significantly. Uptake of 14C-gentamicin was also inhibited by La3+ (1.5 mM) and high K+ (80 mM). Efflux of 14C-gentamicin was increased in a maintained manner by exposure to either nonradioactive gentamicin or high K+. Pretreatment with metabolic inhibitors (iodoacetic acid and dinitrophenol) did not alter either uptake or efflux of 14C-gentamicin. Lowering the temperature of the incubation solution (to 0 °C) did not alter 14C-gentamicin uptake. These findings indicate that, in rabbit aortic smooth muscle, gentamicin uptake appears to be confined to superficial (surface accessible) sites. This further supports the idea that aminoglycoside antibiotics do not enter the cell in significant quantities and therefore induce cardiovascular depressant effects by altering Ca2+ uptake

ISSN:0031-7012    

DOI:10.1159/000136741

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0031-7012    

DOI:10.1159/000136959

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1967

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Sex differences in the extent of binding of diazepam to plasma protein were assessed in a series of patients with renal insufficiency previously described by Kangas et al. Among identifiable independent variables, sex alone accounted for the greatest proportion of variability in percent unbound diazepam (r = 0.33), whereas age and serum creatinine accounted for practically none. The mean ( ± SE) percent unbound among females (10.8 ± 2.8%) was larger (p < 0.1) than among males (5.8 ± 1.3%). Since only the unbound fraction of diazepam in plasma is available for pharmacologic activity, the intensity and duration of diazepam’s clinical action in patients with renal insufficiency might differ between males and fem

ISSN:0031-7012    

DOI:10.1159/000136742

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Dementia is a symptom complex probably arising from cerebral metabolic insufficiency. The testing of drugs thought to improve cerebral metabolism is difficult and many problems have to be overcome. Assessment of brain failure requires objective tests of intellect and memory. Subjective tests are used for disorders of personality and affect. The most useful and practical tests are described in detail. Clinical trials have to be double-blind with strict control of all factors which may influence the tests. Hydergine has been tested in 1,300 patients and shown to be an effective therapeutic agent.

ISSN:0031-7012    

DOI:10.1159/000136806

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The effect of histamine on cyclic AMP was investigated in control and antigen-sensitized guinea pig lungs. Although histamine elevated the cyclic AMP levels in a dose-dependent manner in both groups, the response was consistently smaller in the sensitized lungs. In vivo pretreatment of control guinea pigs with histamine decreased the subsequent effect of exogenous histamine on cyclic AMP. Phosphodiesterase activity was not different in the two groups and it was not affected by histamine. These results indicate that the process of antigen sensitization results in an altered cyclic AMP response to histamine.

ISSN:0031-7012    

DOI:10.1159/000136743

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger