摘要:

Summary.Prediction of the fertilizing potential of human gametes underin vitroconditions has been a major field of interest of assisted reproductive programmes. However, sperm morphology has been regarded as a predictor of humanin vitrofertilization rate. This paper prospectively evaluates the relationships among normal sperm morphology and (1) motion characteristics viz. curvilinear velocity (VCL), straight line velocity (VSL), and linearity (LIN) (n= 37) and (2) spermzona pellucida binding capacity under HZA conditions (n= 144) of two separate groups of infertile couples. Semen was evaluated for sperm concentration, percentage motility, forward progression, and percentage normal morphology (strict criteria). The motility characteristics were measured using a computerized Sperm Motility Quantifier (SMQ). The zona binding potential of sperm was evaluated using the hemizona assay. Firstly, the VCL significantly differred between the P‐pattern and both the G (72.9 ± 7 vs. 86.3±16 μm s−1;P= 0.04) and N patterns (72.9 ± 7 vs. 91.0 ± 15 μm s−1;P= 0.002). The VSL differed only between the P and N patterns, being 19.7 ± 7 vs. 32.6±15 μm s−1(P= 0.02), respectively. No significant differences in LIN were noted between any of the three patterns. The sperm concentration differed significantly between the P and both the G (37.9±35 vs. 80.8 ± 9 × 106ml−1;P= 0.03) and the N patterns (37.9 ± 35 vs. 89.7 ± 72 × 106ml−1;P= 0.05). Significant differences were observed in the percentage motility between the P and both the G (38.0 ± 21% vs. 43.7 ±9%;P= 0.03) and the N patterns (38.0 ± 21% vs. 52.1±8%;P= 0.04).In the second study, the hemizona indices (HZI) differed significantly between the P and both the G (29.3 ± 26% vs. 57.6 ± 62%;P= 0.01) and the N patterns (29.3 ± 26% vs. 102.4 ± 80%;P<0.001). The G and N patterns also differed significantly in their HZI (57.6 ± 62% vs. 102.4 ± 80%;P= 0.005). Sperm concentration differed between the P and both the G (32.8 ± 29 vs. 76.1±54 × 106ml−1;P<0.001) and the N patterns (32.8 ± 29 vs. 95.44 ± 61 × 106ml−1;P<0.001). The percentage motility differs significantly between the P pattern and both the G (41.2± 17% vs. 50.9±11%;P= 0.002) and the N patterns (41.2±17% vs. 53.4±11%;P= 0.001). Sperm morphology seems to be indicative of important functional characteristics of spermatozo

ISSN:0303-4569    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0272.1994.tb00744.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.Sperm membrane components play an important role in the determination of sperm fertilizing ability. During spermatogenesis, epididymal transit, and capacitation, the sperm membrane undergoes various subtle changes which are important maturational events for the production of viable spermatozoa and hence partly determine fertility. Localization and intensity of wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) receptors are reported to be directly associated with male fertility. We examined the correlations and differences between the distribution patterns and intensities of WGA receptors of 75 semen samples, classified according to the strict criteria described for sperm morphology, namely P‐pattern (0–4% normal forms,n= 19), G‐pattern (5–14% normal forms,n= 41) and normal samples (>15% normal forms,n= 15). Results indicate distinct differences in WGA receptor intensity in all of the three groups as well as significantly (P<0.05) lower per‐cent staining of the equatorial segment amongst the P‐pattern group when compared to the other two groups. It would appear that there is a close relationship between WGA receptors on human sperm membranes and sperm

ISSN:0303-4569    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0272.1994.tb00745.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe aim of the study described here was to determine the possible contribution of the acrosin activity test to routine semen analysis in enhancing the precision of the prognosis of IVF success in a group of patients in which the contribution of the egg factor to infertility was ruled out (20 cases) compared to a control IVF group (39 cases). Semen analysis, acrosin activity and acrosome ultrastructure were determined for all semen samples. The group with high fertilization rates was comprised of normozoospermic patients while the group with low fertilization rates was comprised of astheno‐teratozoospermic patients. The mean acrosin level of the positive IVF group was significantly higher than that of the negative group (51.7 ± 33.2 and 28.6 ±13.7, respectively). Two parameters: per cent motile spermatozoa and acrosin level, were found to have a significant positive correlation with subsequent successful IVF (r= 0.36,P<0.006;r= 0.37,P<0.004, respectively); and agenesis of the acrosome was found to have a significant negative correlation (r= ‐0.33,P<0.01). The ability of these parameters to correctly predict fertilization success was 59%, with 5% false positive, among which 15.4% was predicted solely by the acrosin level (above 54 μIU 106cells−1) and 23% solely by per cent motile spermatozoa (above 50%). Abnormalities of the acrosome ultrastructure did not contribute further to the correct classification. The apparent clinical benefit of the acrosin level test is d

ISSN:0303-4569    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0272.1994.tb00746.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:The physiological acrosome reaction of the sperm occurs on the surface of the oocyte. Although its occurrence on the zona pellucida is considered to be a specific response to zona compounds, whether the simple attachment itself could influence the reaction of motile spermatozoa to a fixed surface and promote onset of the reaction is questioned. A motile human sperm head fixation method was developed recently, through which a group of head‐attached sperm can be established easily. These head‐attached sperm were investigated for their acrosome reactions. After staining by fluorescein iso‐thiocyanate conjugated peanut lectin (FITC‐PNA), many head‐attached spermatozoa (75.7%) were found to have undergone an acrosome

ISSN:0303-4569    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0272.1994.tb00747.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:Semen of Jamunapari goat bucks was frozen in three diluents egg yolk‐tris, egg yolk/citrate/glucose, and skim milk/egg yolk. In fresh ejaculated semen over 90% of the spermatozoa had normal head and acrosome morphology. Quantification of goat sperm structure with Giemsa stain revealed significant (P<0.01) damage to acrosome on freezing which varied between 38 to 43% in three diluents. Scanning electron microscopy defined and revealed greater damage during freezing with 50% sperm heads having normal acrosome structure in three diluents. The ultrastructural changes detected in frozen goat sperm was protrusion at the anterior cap, broken tail, swelling of acrosome, and loss of acrosomal contents. The leakage of five enzymes GOT, GPT, hyaluronoglucosaminidase, acid phosphatase, and alkaline phosphatase measured simultaneously revealed a positive correlation between enzyme release and acrosomal damag

ISSN:0303-4569    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0272.1994.tb00748.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:The effect of flutamide (FLU) administered during 6 weeks at doses of 50 or 100 mg kg−1body weight, on various reproductive characteristics of sexually active male golden hamsters was studied. The weight of seminal vesicles and epididymides showed a dose dependent inhibition with FLU, while testicular weight exhibited a biphasic response, its value being increased by 20% at lower FLU doses and reduced by 15% at higher FLU doses. An elevation of testicular and epididymal androgen‐binding protein (ABP) content and also of testicular testosterone content was observed with both doses of FLU. Serum levels of LH and testosterone exhibited a four‐fold increase, at both doses of FLU, while FSH serum level was elevated depending on the dose of FLU used. Results suggest that in the golden hamster the maintenance of the weight of testes and accessory organs depends mainly on androgenic stimulation, while production and transport of ABP is probably regulated by gonadotr

ISSN:0303-4569    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0272.1994.tb00749.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:Oligozoospermic and asthenozoospermic semen ejaculates, as well as cryopreserved sperm samples prepared by the wash and swim‐up procedure often result in unsatisfactory sperm recovery rates. In this study the glass wool filter and the wash and swim‐up preparation procedures were compared on the basis of their ‘effective’ (number of live sperm per millilitre) recovery rates. The glass wool filter procedure consistantly produced significantly (P= 0.0002) higher viable sperm concentrations, making it the preferred method for the preparation of cryopreserved sperm to be used in assisted reproduction techniques. The use of this preparation procedure has also been shown to have no adverse affect on the fertilizing potential of human spermatozoa in o

ISSN:0303-4569    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0272.1994.tb00750.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:A screening of 3196 semen analyses performed in our clinic from January 1986 to December 1990 revealed 314 (9.8%) patients whose semen was infected withBacteroides ureolyticus. Investigating the relationship between the presence ofB. ureolyticus, the seminal microflora and the conventional semen parameters, we observed that the presence of this micro‐organism in the semen was coupled (1) to an increased presence ofEnterococcusspecies, (2) to an increased number of short‐tailed spermatozoa and epithelial cells, and (3) to a decreased total fructose concentration (mg ejaculate−1). These results suggest thatB. ureolyticusor its toxins may influence sperm morphology and function by yet unknown mechanisms and may also increase the number of epithelial cells by soft tissue infectionin vivo. The decreased fructose levels suggest that this anaerobic micro‐organism might specifically colonize the seminal vesicles, while the normal zinc values recorded suggest a normal prostatic function. Overall, our data support the hypothesis that the presence ofB. ureolyticusis not associated with nongonococcal ure

ISSN:0303-4569    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0272.1994.tb00751.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:The role of opioidergic system in controlling gonadotropin secretion in elderly men still remains uncertain. In the present study, we attempted to examine the opioidergic inhibitory tone imposed on GnRH release mechanism in elderly men by monitoring the plasma gonadotropin response to the opiate receptor antagonist naloxone hydrochloride. Six normal young men and 10 elderly men with no endocrinological diseases volunteered for the present study. In young men, plasma LH showed a biphasic increase in response to naloxone and plasma LH level during naloxone treatment was significantly higher than the mean of pre‐naloxone control levels. In contrast, plasma LH in elderly men was not affected by naloxone. The ratio of the peak plasma LH response during naloxone treatment to the mean pre treatment LH level (plasma peak/basal LH ratio) declined with the advance of age (r = ‐0.74,P<0.005) and also correlated significantly with plasma free testosterone level (r= 0.45,P<0.05). These data suggest (1) that the hypothalamic opioidergic tone is reduced in elderly men and (2) that the primary testicular insufficiency with the advance of age may play a major role in the decline of the hypothalamic opioidergic tone in elderly

ISSN:0303-4569    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0272.1994.tb00752.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.In this paper a formula obtained by probability analysis is presented. This formula can predict the number of healthy spermatozoa in a sperm population containing more or less numerous different defects recognized in ultrathin sections by transmission electron microscopy or in entire cells stained with different specific antibodies, by fluorescence light microscopy. This formula is able also to orientate the diagnosis of the various sperm pathological affections and, can be used generally in the evaluation of any kind of populations of isolated cells examined in ultrathin sections or in immunocytochemical preparations.

ISSN:0303-4569    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0272.1994.tb00753.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY