摘要:

The Reagan Administration has cited significant support, among state and local officials, for the “principle” of reduced federal involvement in a range of policy functions. The administration has referred to that support in presenting its case for new federalism, but has failed to acknowledge that support reflects two distinct critiques of existing federal policies. The first critique focuses on the legitimacy of national standards regarding social welfare, while the second focuses on the effectiveness of existing efforts to address those standards. Based on an assessment of the distinct expectations implied in the two different criticisms and the specific provisions of the new federalism proposal, it is argued here that the effectiveness of national, state and local social welfare efforts will inevitably be undermined if those provisions become operationalized—thus that those provisions can not be reconciled with support for a national social welfare commitment. Support for the principle of decentralized authority over policy functions among local officials, who in many cases support the notion of a national social welfare commitment, is hypothesized to reflect their concern with the immediate impact of fiscal stress on their jurisdiction's ability to provide essential services. That support represents an effort to increase local discretion regarding the use of intergovernmental revenues in order to meet short‐term critical obligations rather than a lack of support for national social welfare commitments, as assumed by the Reagan Adminis

ISSN:0735-2166    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9906.1983.tb00019.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The Reagan urban policy is premised on a definition of efficient national economic growth which mandates public sector minimization. Such a policy is hostile to local economic revitalizalion and to attaching “social strings” to ensure that program benefits reach disadvantaged residents. Hence, such local economic development programs as EDA and UDA G have been attacked by the Reagan Administration. The CDBG program has been revised to allow states and localities further discretion to divert program funds from community development to economic development activities. Even the administration's enterprise zone plan does not attempt to contradict market forces in determining investment decisions. Rather, relief is given to business on business' terms with little assurance that the benefits of development will go to zone residents; and, eligibility is so broad as to allow zone designation in pockets of distress in otherwise economically healthy jurisdictions of the nat

ISSN:0735-2166    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9906.1983.tb00020.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The Reagan Administration has embarked upon a New Federalism strategy designed to improve the operation of the American federal system by determining the proper roles of the private and public sectors in the provision OJ services, and by correctly allocating service responsibilities within the public sector among the three levels of government. The purpose of our paper is to examine this proposed strategy and its potential impacts on state and local government fiscal behavior. Our conclusion is that the most important influences on state and local government have been the recession and self: imposed revenue and expenditure constraints. The reductions in federal aid have nor had the principal impacts.

ISSN:0735-2166    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9906.1983.tb00021.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The Reagan Administration would like to introduce housing allowances as the federal government's principal low‐income housing program. The results of HUD's 10‐year Experimental Housing Allowance Program suggest important structural limitations to this approach. Only a small portion of the housing allowance is spent on housing. An allowance is likely to least serve those who most need housing assistance. The stock of vacant units is inadequate to meet the demands of voucher recipients. Landlords are not likely to repair substandard units to meet this limited added buying power. And housing market discrimination inhibits mobility that might capture existing standard units. Additional evidence from the Section 8 existing housing and the public assistance programs suggest the limitations of the housing allowance approach. The true motivation for introducing housing allowances would appear to be a desire to withdraw the federal government from its traditional rote as housing provi

ISSN:0735-2166    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9906.1983.tb00022.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The study examines the attitudes of local officials to President Reagan's “New Federalism” proposals–proposals which would dramatically alter the mechanisms by which federal funds are made available to local governments, would significantly shift program responsibilities among the various levels of government, and would reduce the total amount of money made available by the federal government to localities. Examining especially the three factors of regionalism, metropolitan type, and partisan orientations, it is found that partisan orientations are most strongly related to local officials' evaluations of the President s proposals. Those officials identified as having a Republican partisan orientation are consistently more positive toward the various elements of the New Federalism. But, it is found that regionalism and whether officials are from large central cities or smaller suburbs are factors most strongly related to implications and possible responses to the program. Officials from larger, central frostbelt cities expect much more severe fiscal and policy implications than do officials from the sunbelt r

ISSN:0735-2166    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9906.1983.tb00023.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0735-2166    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9906.1983.tb00024.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY