摘要:

This paper examines an issue with significant implications for the viability of the Section 8 Rental Assistance Program for Existing Housing: the trade‐offs between the financial costs and benefits experienced by landlords participating in the program. Using a modified experimental design, these trade‐offs are analyzed in carefully matched samples of Section 8 and market rate units managed by two rental firms operating in very different neighborhoods within the St. Louis area—one poor, predominantly black, and central city in location; the other, middle income, white and suburban. Similar patterns are found in both cases: (1) Section 8 units cost significantly more to repair and maintain than comparable market rate units; (2) Section 8 authorized rents and rent collections are significantly higher than market rate; and (3) no significant cashflow differences before debt service are observed between Section 8 and market rate properties. In other words, added maintenance costs resulting from Section 8 participation are adequately compensated for by above‐market rents, thereby enhancing program viability. Implications for housing administrators and policy makers are examined in the concluding section of th

ISSN:0735-2166    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9906.1985.tb00072.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Although not often included in the literature devoted to exclusionary zoning practices, an examination of the use and abuse of family definitions in American municipal zoning ordinances is important to those who are concerned with the revitalization of American cities and suburbs. Many of the ideas suggested for innovative reuse of existing housing are linked to the family definition. Accessory units in single‐family dwellings and shared housing are two examples. This paper briefly examines the history of family definitions in municipal zoning ordinances, reviews the major court decisions concerning their use and discusses the relevance of the continued use of family definitions when current demographic changes are taken into consideratio

ISSN:0735-2166    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9906.1985.tb00073.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A public/private financial partnership to build a regional mall in the central business district was defeated in Bellingham, Washington, by a successful initiative drive. It prohibited the city from issuing bonds to pay for its share of the joint project. The purpose of this study was to find out who opposed the project and why. The research evidence suggests that critics of the intra‐urban shopping center supported the initiative for two interrelated sets of reasons: dislike of specific aspects of the matt proposal and dislike of the public/private financial planning approach. Since the concept of government/corporate cooperation is gaining popularity in public policies dealing with economic and land‐use planning, the research focused on the second type of opposition. The data revealed a pattern that may have relevance in other communities also. It appears that (1) traditional critics of government power, i.e., individualist‐conservatives, libertarians, and right‐wing populists; (2) traditional critics of corporate power, i.e., left liberals, American socialists, and left‐wing populists; and (3) traditional critics of large construction projects, i.e., “sensible growth” advocates, formed an unintended coalition and gained a voting majority

ISSN:0735-2166    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9906.1985.tb00074.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This article gives an overview of the techniques utilized by the United Stales, the Netherlands, and Belgium in the area of historic preservation. Comparisons are formulated as to the means available through the various governmental structures to implement historic preservation practices. In addition, the article cites specific examples to illustrate the similarities and differences in historic preservation practices of the three countries.

ISSN:0735-2166    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9906.1985.tb00075.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Neighborhood organizing as a means of urban and even national revitalization is currently experiencing a revival. What this contemporary interest in neighborhood organizing lacks, however, is a sense of its past. Neighborhood organizing is not a recent phenomenon: it has a long and instructive history. But few neighborhood organizers or members of neighborhood groups seem to know this. This paper, based on a larger study, seeks to remedy this situation by presenting a typology of the three dominant approaches to neighborhood organizing in the United Slates since the 1880s—social work, political activist, and neighborhood maintenance—and concludes with six prescriptions for current neighborhood organizing projects based on the successes and failures of past effo

ISSN:0735-2166    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9906.1985.tb00076.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A study was conducted from 1978 to late 1984 of the survival of inner‐city street trees planted by the Oakland, California urban forestry program. The tree survival rate of approximately 60 to 70 percent from the trees planted in neighborhood parkways through urban forestry sponsored block parties contrasted sharply with less than one percent survival of trees planted earlier by the Model Cities program without community participation or ceremonial plantings. Explanations for the high tree survival were tested using participant observation, interviews with residents, and a small panel.Tree survival was not found to be related to the explanations provided by urban forestry ideology; namely, that residents had been educated to hold both instrumental and expressive values toward trees. Rather, the explanation appeared to be the function of an unintended solution to the issue of parkway ownership. The tree planting process which included species selection meetings and tree planting ceremonies tended to define the parkway trees as a resident's property, thus decreasing the significance of the parkway‐property barrier. The generality of the Oakland illustration is discus

ISSN:0735-2166    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9906.1985.tb00077.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Objectives needs criteria adopted by local housing and community development administrators are typically not direct measures of urban blight; rather they are labels for disadvantaged circumstances assumed to be associated with adverse living conditions. This case study of Portland, Oregon, addresses the question of whether such criteria (1) document the actual presence of blighting problems, and (2) can be identified in spatial concentrations for the purpose of geographical targeting. The results of hypothesis tests, correlations, and factor analysis show strong positive relationships among most but not all locally adopted criteria. Findings support the conclusion that the principal benefits test and neighborhood strategy area concept, both integral to the original CDBG program, are still valid.

ISSN:0735-2166    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9906.1985.tb00078.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY