摘要:

Abstract—(1) Fluxes of sodium, potassium, chloride and glutamate ions were studied in brain slices by aid of radio‐isotopes. Desaturation curves showed the efflux to occur from at least two compartments with widely different kinetics.(2) The slowly exchanging component comprises from about 10 (sodium, potassium, chloride) to about 30 (glutamate) per cent of the radioactivity in the tissue. An energy‐requiring uptake of potassium and extrusion of sodium seems to occur in this compartment, which probably includes the nerve cells.(3) A rather slow efflux of especially potassium ions from the rapidly exchanging fraction indicates that this component may not be purely extracellular, but also seems to include cells, which possibly are neuroglial. The hypothesis of a cellular origin is supported by the demonstration of an increase in the rate constant of the potassium efflux evoked in the presence of oxygen by high concentrations of potassium.(4) Evidence is presented that the increase in the rate constant of the potassium efflux is due to a potassium‐induced stimulation of active transport. No coupling seems to occur between the stimulated potassium transport and movements of sodium, but potassium ions may be accompanied by glutama

ISSN:0022-3042    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1968.tb06167.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract—Ribosomes isolated from the brains of rats treated with morphinein vivowere less active in promoting the incorporation of [14C]leucine into protein than ribosomes isolated from untreated rats. This inhibitory phenomenon was studied in relation to dose of morphine, time after drug administration and the pharmacological responses of hypothermia and analgesia. The inhibition of [14C]leucine incorporation into brain proteinsin vitrowas transient after a single injection of morphine and dose‐dependent, and related to the hypothermic response, but not prevented by keeping the rats at an ambient temperature which prevented hypothermia. The incorporation of [14C]leucine into protein by liver ribosomes was also inhibited in preparations from morphine treated r

ISSN:0022-3042    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1968.tb06168.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract—Disc electrophoretic patterns of soluble, acidic proteins in brain and liver nuclei and in the respective tissue homogenates were studied.In brain nuclei, a fast component moving with the electrophoretic front constitutes a relatively large amount of the acidic proteins which migrate toward the anode. Electrophoretic patterns obtained with fractionated brain nuclei (neuronal, astrocytic and glial) were similar to those obtained with total brain nuclei. The S‐100 protein could not be detected in any of the nuclei examined.Protein patterns in brain and liver nuclei markedly differed both quantitatively and qualitativ

ISSN:0022-3042    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1968.tb06169.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract—Afterin vivoadministration of [14C]uridine monophosphate to rats, radioactivity appears in cytidine nucleotides at comparable rates in the brain and the liver.Anin vitroassay, on the soluble fraction of rat brain showed that the enzyme required for amination of uridine nucleotide to cytidine nucleotide occurs in the brai

ISSN:0022-3042    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1968.tb06170.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract—The lipid composition of the central nervous system of some marine vertebrates and two mammalian species (rat and man) was analysed by one‐ and two‐dimensional quantitative thin‐layer chromatography, and the cerebroside fatty acids were analysed by gas chromatography.The concentrations of sphingomyelin and cerebrosides are higher in mammals than in fishes, while no significant differences are observed for other lipid classes.Furthermore, in mammals the ratio between hydroxy and normal fatty acids in the cerebrosides is much higher than in fishes. The cerebrosides of mammals contain more very long chain fatty acids than those of marine vert

ISSN:0022-3042    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1968.tb06171.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract—Synaptosomes were isolated from cerebral cortex of young rats and incubated with14C‐labelledl‐leucinein vitro. Amino acid incorporation into proteins of the synaptosomal cytoplasm, mitochondria and membrane components was observed. There was no incorporation into proteins of the vesicles. The protein‐synthesizing system was not stimulated by the addition of either ATP or an ATP‐generating system. ATP at all concentrations was inhibitory.Two different protein‐synthesizing systems operate in the synaptosome. One, sensitive to inhibition by chloramphenicol and related antibiotics, is found in the mitochondrial subfraction and the other, inhibited by cycloheximide, is located either in the membrane components or the synaptosomal cytoplasm. This second system resembles the eukaryotic ribosomal system in its sensitivity to cycloheximide. Both the synaptosomal soluble fraction and the synaptosomal membrane fractions were shown previously to contain RNA. This RNA could function in protein‐synthesizing mechanisms in the synaptosome. These results deomonstrate that protein is synthesized in axonal components and show that it is unnecessary to postulate that all axonal protein is supplied by somat

ISSN:0022-3042    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1968.tb06172.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-3042    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1968.tb06173.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-3042    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1968.tb06174.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1968

数据来源: WILEY