摘要:

Cutoff scores are used in a variety of settings to help managers make personnel decisions. Although cutoff scores are used widely, information about their derivation and appropriate use is scattered in the legal, psychometric, and professional literatures. The purpose of this paper is to analyze critically and to integrate these diverse literatures, to summarize what is known and what is unknown about the use and misuse of cutoff scores. Alternative methods are examined in relation to legal precedents set by the courts, to psychometric principles, and to the various sets of professional guidelines. Directions for future research are suggested, and we conclude with a set of recommendations regarding acceptable professional practice in this area.

ISSN:0031-5826    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-6570.1988.tb00629.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A highly structured employment interviewing technique is proposed, which includes the following steps: (1) develop questions based on a job analysis, (2) ask the same questions of each candidate, (3) anchor the rating scales for scoring answers with examples and illustrations, (4) have an interview panel record and rate answers, (5) consistently administer the process to all candidates, and (6) give special attention to job relatedness, fairness, and documentation in accordance with testing guidelines. Examination of psychometric properties for hiring entry‐level production employees (n= 149) reveals high interrater reliability (r= .88) and predictive validity (uncorrectedr= .34, correctedr= .56), as well as evidence for test fairness and utility. The levels of these properties are comparable to those of a comparison battery of typical employment tests, and correlations with the tests suggest that the interview has a strong cognitive aptitude component. Potential explanations for the effectiveness of this structured interviewing technique are discusse

ISSN:0031-5826    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-6570.1988.tb00630.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Reviews of self–supervisor, self–peer, and peer–supervisor ratings have generally concluded that there is at best a modest correlation between different rating sources. Nevertheless, there has been much inconsistency across studies. Accordingly, a meta‐analysis was conducted. The results indicated a relatively high correlation between peer and supervisor ratings (ρ= .62) but only a moderate correlation between self‐supervisor (ρ= .35) and self‐peer ratings (ρ= .36). While rating format (dimensional versus global) and rating scale (trait versus behavioral) had little impact as moderators, job type (managerial/professional versus blue‐collar/service) did seem to moderate self‐peer and self

ISSN:0031-5826    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-6570.1988.tb00631.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Transfer of training is of paramount concern for training researchers and practitioners. Despite research efforts, there is a growing concern over the “transfer problem.” The purpose of this paper is to provide a critique of the existing transfer research and to suggest directions for future research investigations. The conditions of transfer include both the generalization of learned material to the job and the maintenance of trained skills over a period of time on the job. The existing research examining the effects of training design, trainee, and work‐environment factors on conditions of transfer is reviewed and critiqued. Research gaps identified from the review include the need to (1) test various operationalizations of training design and work‐environment factors that have been posited as having an impact on transfer and (2) develop a framework for conducting research on the effects of trainee characteristics on transfer. Needed advancements in the conceptualization and operationalization of the criterion of transfer are also di

ISSN:0031-5826    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-6570.1988.tb00632.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0031-5826    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-6570.1988.tb00633.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In the past, research on grievances generally has excluded the views of grievants about the process and its consequences. This study is an analysis of self‐reports of 324 grievants concerning the characteristics of a grievance‐filing incident and its perceived outcomes. The results raise questions about the veracity of the industrial relations dictum that grievances should be settled at the lowest step in the process. Instead, the nature of the settlement and the type of grievance were perceived to have significant effects on outcome and attitude measu

ISSN:0031-5826    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-6570.1988.tb00634.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This research investigated the buffering role of social support in the relationship of work load to both tension‐anxiety and coping for police radio dispatchers (N= 60). Each dispatcher was observed throughout an entire 8‐hour work shift by a trained observer. Objective load consisted of the hourly rate of incoming telephone calls, police radio transmissions, and face‐to‐face or written communications from superiors, co‐workers, and others. At the end of each shift, measures were taken of dispatchers' perceived load, felt tension‐anxiety, and coping actions. Hierarchical regression revealed that support from superiors moderated the effects of both objective and perceived loads; no main effects of support were found. Statistically significant interactions confirmed the hypothesized buffering role of support: under high perceived load, dispatchers with high social support engaged in more coping actions and felt less tension‐anxiety than did low‐support dispatchers. No differences were found when perceived load was low. Support also buffered effects of objective load on tension‐anxiety

ISSN:0031-5826    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-6570.1988.tb00635.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study investigated the effectiveness of a self‐appraisal‐based performance evaluation system (SABPE) that incorporates self‐assessment into traditional supervisory evaluation procedures. Its subject sample consisted of 88 faculty members and their chairpersons at a land‐grant state university. Results indicated that (1) there was high congruency between self‐ and chairperson ratings, (2) both ratings had moderate to high levels of criterion‐related validity, and (3) both faculty members and chairpersons reported high SABPE acceptance. The implications of these results for future self‐appraisal research

ISSN:0031-5826    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-6570.1988.tb00636.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book Reviewed in this article:GOTTFREDSON, LINDA, S. (Ed.). ThegFactor in Employment.Journal of Vocational BehaviorNORD, WALTER R. and TUCKER, SHARON.Implementing Routine and Radical Innovations.SUNDSTROM, ERIC in collaboration with Mary Graehl Sundstrom.Work Places: The Psychology of the Physical Environment in Offices and Factories.BRINKERHOFF, ROBERT O.Achieving Results from Training: How to Evaluate Human Resources Development to Strengthen Programs and Increase Impact.CASCIO, WAYNE F.Applied Psychology in Personnel ManagementMUCHINSKY, PAUL M.Psychology Applied to Work: An Introduction to Industrial and Organizational PsychologyACKOFF, RUSSELL L.The Art of Problem Solving.STEVENS, NANCY DUNCAN.Dynamics of Job‐Seeking Behavior.BALKIN, DAVID B. and GOMEZ‐MEJIA, LUIS A. (Eds.).New Perspectives on Compensation.BLAKE, ROBERT R., MOUTON, JANE SRYGLEY and ALLEN, ROBERT L.Spectacular Teamwork: How to Develop the Leadership Skills for Team Success.PALLAK, MICHAEL S. and PERLOFF, ROBERT O. (Eds.).Psychology and Work: Productivity, Change, and Employment.FOX, WILLIAM M.Effective Group Problem Solving: How to Broaden Participation, Improve Decision Making, and Increase Commitment to Action.HARTMANN, HEIDI I. (Ed.).Computer Chips and Paper Clips: Technology and Women's Employment, Volume II. Case Studies and Policy Perspectives.LONDON, MANUEL and MONE, EDWARD M.Career Management and Survival in the Workplace: Helping Employees Make Tough Career Decisions, Stay Motivated, and Reduce Career Stress.FIEDLER, FRED and GARCIA, JOSEPH E.New Approaches to Effective Leadership: Cognitive Resources and Organizational Performance.BENVENISTE, GUY.Professionalizing the Organization: Reducing Bureaucracy to Enhance Effectiveness.GATEWOOD, ROBERT D. and FEILD, HUBERT S.Human Resource Selection.KLEINGARTNER, ARCHIE and ANDERSON, CAROLYN S. (Eds.).Human Resource Management in High Technology Firms.PFEIFFER, J. WILLIAM (Ed.).The 1987 Annual: Developing Human Resources.HOLOVIAK, STEPHEN J. and SIPKOFF, SUSAN STONE.Managing Human Productivity: People Are Your Best Investment.JOHNSON, HOMER H. The HRD Professional's Bibliography of Resources and Refere

ISSN:0031-5826    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-6570.1988.tb00637.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY