ISSN:0273-8481    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Treatment of burn injuries of the head and neck can be divided into acute and chronic stages. The acute phase consists of physiologic resuscitation of the patient and early care of the burn wound. The chronic stage begins from completion of wound coverage until the wound has matured. A major advance in the care of the patient with head and neck burns has been the realization that clinical application of exercise, traction, and pressure can reduce the development of contractures and hypertrophic scarring. Once the burn scars mature, the residual scar deformity can be improved by reconstructive surgical procedures.

ISSN:0273-8481    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

In a burn unit of a community hospital, a wide variety of topical antibiotics have been used to control—and in some cases—eradicate most common burn wound contaminants. Toxicity from topical solutions of parenteral antibiotics did not occur. Peaks and/ or troughs of the aminoglycosides did not even approach the low therapeutic ranges of each of the drugs, and they appeared safe in the concentrations used. Resistant strains did not emerge, with the exception of a single strain each of P. aeuruginosa and S. marcescens; in both instances, the bacteria were sensitive to colistin. Much of the bolus of topical antibiotic solution is apparently sequestered in the burn wound eschar, an indeterminate amount being lost to evaporation. Therapeutic levels of antibiotic concentrations were quantitatively measured in burn wound eschar. In higher concentrations than we normally use, it appeal's possible to sterilize a burn wound without danger of toxic levels in the bloodstream. Nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity did not develop, and mortality was low. Costs compare favorably with those of current standard topical preparations.

ISSN:0273-8481    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The surface area (in linear units squared) of a burn wound can be calculated simply and accurately by making a tracing of its periphery on the exterior surface of a sheet of surgical incise drape applied to the lubricated burn surface. This figure is retraced on the digitizing board and x-y coordinate plotter attachments of a computer programmed to total such data according to a simple land surveying formula. The use of this method, which is an alternative to older methods employing photographic technique and mechanical planimetry, is limited to wound surfaces that do not have highly complex topography.

ISSN:0273-8481    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Female Swiss-Webster mice, anesthetized with intraperitoneal pentobarbital sodium, were given full-thickness bums on a depilated area of the lower back with a stainless steel tube (2 cm) at 100C for 10 seconds. About 30 minutes postburn, various doses of ascorbic acid were given in drinking water or intraperitoneally. Mean burn seventy was evaluated on a scale of 0 (normal) to 4 (severe). The results suggested that appropriate intraperitoneal doses of ascorbic acid, administered shortly after thermal injury, significantly retard tissue necrosis in the murine burn wound for 72 hours.

ISSN:0273-8481    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Potentially, heavy metals may inhibit enzyme activity, eg, the silver in silver sulfadiazine, in enzymatic debridement of burns. We assayed clinically relevant silver concentrations in human and pig burn eschar. Initially, the silver concentration was determined in tangentially excised human burn eschar. However, because of large variations in concentrations, a standard swine burn model was utilized. Specimens obtained by serial tangential excision of eschar under standardized conditions were analyzed by atomic absorption for silver content. The concentration of silver in the superficial layer of eschar can be as high as 750 ppm but falls off rapidly at deeper levels. Keratin essentially blocks silver penetration into eschar.

ISSN:0273-8481    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Because of the broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity of para-chlorometa- xylenol (PCMX) and the need for additional topical agents for bacterial control of the burn wound, PCMX was tested in an in vitro topical antimicrobial susceptibility well assay system. For testing, data from 50 strains of Staphvlococcus aureus and 100 strains of various gram-negative micro-organisms were isolated from wounds of acute burn patients. Results showed that bums colonized by organisms other than P. aeruginosa could be treated with PCMX as a single agent, whereas burn wounds not so colonized could be treated with mixtures of PCMX and an antimicrobial that has anli-Pseudomonas activity. Alternatively, PCMX could be mixed with antimicrobials against which organisms show random resistance and thus expand their spectrum of activity. Therefore, further testing and development of PCMX as a topical antimicrobial preparation seems warranted.

ISSN:0273-8481    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Because the burned axilla in a child in a difficult area to immobilizepostgrafting, we developed a new device called the “papoose.” The papoose, which is made of 4-inch thick foam, positions the child with the arms in 20-degree horizontal adduction and 90- to 160-degree shoulder abduction, according to the patient's needs. This position is maintained by use of foam axillary wedges and velfoam straps attached to the papoose and secured around the arms, waist, and (if needed) legs.Of 23 children aged 6 and under in whom the splint was used post excision and grafting, 19 had 100% take; in four, graft loss apparently resulted from infection or incomplete initial excision. No grafts were mechanically dislodged, and there were no other complications. All patients showed full range of motion when released after an average of two weeks in the device.

ISSN:0273-8481    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0273-8481    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0273-8481    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1985

数据来源: OVID