ISSN:0268-9146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2052.1986.tb03182.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryHybridomas were made by fusing mouse myeloma cells with spleen cells from mice immunized with bovine red cells. Sixteen cloned lines which secreted haemolytic monoclonal antibodies reacting with antigens in the A, B, F, Z and S blood group systems were established; one of the antibodies identified a new factor in the B system. Extensive tests on red cells from 1000 animals indicated that several of the antibodies are suitable for use in routine blood typing; others are of potential use for genetic studies of the bovine blood group systems.

ISSN:0268-9146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2052.1986.tb03183.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThree families of English springer spaniel dogs with phosphofructokinase (PFK) deficiency causing haemolysis were studied. Four male dogs and one female dog with chronic haemolysis and haemolytic crises were found to have markedly reduced PFK activity in erythrocytes (8–20% of control English springer spaniels). PFK‐deficient erythrocytes exhibited an extreme alkaline and sucrose lysis. The oxygen dissociation curve of erythrocyte suspensions was shifted to the left with a 50% saturation of haemoglobin at a partial oxygen pressure of 16–17 mmHg (normal 26–31 mmHg). Muscle wasting and mildly increased serum creatine phosphokinase activity were also noted. Six clinically normal first degree relatives of affected dogs had erythrocyte PFK activities that were 38–51% of controls. In these family members, there was an erythrocytosis and mild reticulocytosis probably due to a mildly enhanced haemoglobin‐oxygen affinity but no increase in serum creatine phosphokinase. These studies confirm the familial nature of muscle‐type PFK deficiency in English springer spaniels and support the conclusion that this animal model of the human glycogen storage disease type VII is inherited as an autosomal re

ISSN:0268-9146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2052.1986.tb03184.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryIsraeli Holstein‐Friesian dairy bulls were screened for restriction fragment length polymorphisms by hybridizing cloned DNA probes for bovine growth hormone, for chymosin, and for rat muscle beta‐actin to restriction endonuclease‐digested DNA immobilized on nitrocellulose filters. The population proved to be polymorphic at the growth hormone locus, with evidence consistent with the phenotypes being inherited in allelic fashion. A low level of polymorphism was also observed at one of the beta‐actin gene family loci. The chymosin locus was monomorphic with the restriction enzymes utilized. The results illustrate the power of restriction fragment length polymorphism methodology in visualizing genetic variability in dairy cattle popu

ISSN:0268-9146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2052.1986.tb03185.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummarySerum and colostrum lysozyme activity was determined in primiparous cows employing a lysoplate method described elsewhere. Samples from 336 animals were collected over a 5‐year period from a research station. The animals were sired by 20 elite bulls, one of which (1893) is probably heterozygous for a dominant high lysozyme level gene. The resulting two‐population split of high and low level offspring from 1893 is also consistent for the present cow material both in serum and colostrum. A highly significant overall correlation (P<0–01) between serum and colostrum lysozyme was estimated. Positive correlation was also found within families and this was particularly high for 1893. No association between serum and colostrum lysozyme activity could be detected when high level animals were excluded. This means that the genetic association between lysozyme activity in the two body fluids is solely dependent upon the major gene described. Consequently, selection of bulls for serum lysozyme activity will influence the colostrum or milk lysozyme activity in the cow population, provided that the major gene is present in the popul

ISSN:0268-9146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2052.1986.tb03186.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryPrevious work has uncovered a dominant gene for high bacteriolytic activity of bovine serum against the test bacteriumMicrococcus lysodeikticus.This major gene effect is also fully expressed in colostrum. In the present study the lytic power of serum and colostral whey from high and low level cows was subjected to a degree of characterization. It was found that the enzyme activities studied exhibited properties in accordance with those defined for a lysozyme (EC 3.2.1.17), i.e. (1) lysis of a suspension ofM. lysodeikticus, (2) basic protein (pI = 10.0 and pI = 10.3 for bovine serum lysozyme (BSL) and bovine colostrum lysozyme (BCL), respectively), (3) molecular weight (MW) approximately 16 000 for both BSL and BCL, (4) liberation of free reducing sugars during action on cell wall peptidoglycan (the kinetics of BSL and BCL differed strongly), and (5) fairly heat stable, especially at acidic pH and relative labile at alkaline pH (BCL was far more sensitive to heating at alkaline pH than was BSL). The dramatic differences in activity between high and low level animals might be due to a major genetic mechanism influencing the amount of, or the activity of, circulating enzyme molecules, rather than a structural gene coding for a certain enzyme with a particular specific activity. This is also supported by the high correlation between the lytic capacity of BSL and BCL in spite of the different properties of these lysozymes (i.e. in respect of pi, enzyme kinetics and heat stability) reported in the present study.

ISSN:0268-9146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2052.1986.tb03187.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryGene frequencies were estimated in a sample of Baladi cattle for milk proteins, blood proteins and blood groups. Gene frequency estimates ofBos taurus, Bos indicusand Sanga breeds were assembled from the literature. The gene frequencies were utilized for estimating the genetic distance between the breeds and breed groups. The Egyptian Baladi cattle appeared to be closer toBos taurusbreeds than to the Sanga. They are far removed from Zebus.

ISSN:0268-9146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2052.1986.tb03188.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryA polymorphism at the adenosine deaminase locus of the house sparrow,Passer domesticus, has been investigated by starch gel electrophoresis. Five alleles have been identified, and most populations seem to be close to the Hardy‐Weinberg equilibrium. The allele frequencies differ strikingly across Europe, and in Britian there are significant differences between urban and rural populations. Samples from introduced populations in Australia and New Zealand lack some of the rarer alleles, as predicted from the Founder Effec

ISSN:0268-9146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2052.1986.tb03189.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryPlasma samples of fowl were analysed by horizontal polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (pH 90). Evidence was presented for the subdivision of an earlier reported esterase‐1 allele (Es‐1A) into two alleles designatedEs‐1A1andEs‐1A2.Family data were consistent with the hypothesis that the Es‐1 phenotypes were controlled by four codominant, autosomal allelesEs‐1C, Es‐1A1Es‐1A2andEs‐1B).The White Leghorn samples showed high frequency ofEs‐1A2(about 0·7) and also had considerable frequency ofEs‐1A2(0·2) and ofEs‐1B(0·1). The three meat‐type breeds studied (White Plymouth Rock, Rhode Island Red and New Hampshire) showed a very hig

ISSN:0268-9146    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2052.1986.tb03190.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY