摘要:

ABSTRACTThe nuclei of Purkinje cells and Bergmann astrocytes were counted on sagittal sections from cerebellum and the length of stratum gangliosum was measured in rats with CCl4‐induced liver disease, using an electronic image analyzer. After 8 weeks of CCl4‐administration a reduction was found in the number of Purkinje cells, many of which showed homogenizating changes. Ten weeks after termination of the administration period the number of Purkinje cells was reduced by 12 per cent. The number of Bergmann astrocytes remained significantly increased after 8 weeks of CCl4‐administration (max. 20 per cent). The changes of Purkinje cell and Bergmann astrocyte density developed during the period of severe liver necrosis, whereas only minor changes were found in the ensuing period of liver “cirrhosis”. In the perfusion fixed specimens, the Bergmann astrocyte nuclei increased in volume up to 65 per cent and immersion fixed brains showed typical Alzheimer type II nuclear changes. The impact of the increased plasma ammonia concentration on the astrocytes is

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1977.tb05623.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe density and size of astrocyte‐, oligodendrocyte‐ and neurone nuclei in corpus striatum were determined in rats with CCl4‐induced liver encephalopathy by means of an electronic image analyzer. After 8 weeks of CCl4‐administration, the astrocyte number had nearly doubled, and astrocytes with increased nuclear size appeared. After 20 weeks, a reduction (appr. 25 per cent) was found in the number of nerve cells and oligodendrocytes. The total number of glial cells, however, was unchanged during the experiment; this demonstrates the need of performing differential counts when evaluating gliosis. Probably, a part of the increase in the number of astrocytes was due to a transformation from precursor cells, usually classified as oligodendrocytes. The increased number and size of astrocyte nuclei are probably connected with an enhanced astrocyte metabolic capacity due to alterations in the ammonia and amino acid met

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1977.tb05624.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe literature on in vitro tests of sensitivity to brain antigen in multiple sclerosis is summarized in the tables. A study is presented using leukocyte migration in agarose as test system and a wide range of concentration of bovine encephalitogenic protein as antigen. Definite reactivity was seen in 12 out of 28 patients with MS. Some occurred in patients who had had no signs of disease activity for at least 5 years. Reactivity occurred more often in patients with active disease studied within 5 days after a relapse. The significance of the in vitro reactivity is briefly discussed.

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1977.tb05625.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTTen patients with MS were studied with leukocyte migration in agarose technique to detect changes in reactivity to encephalitogenic protein in connexion with a relapse. Six showed significant reactivity within a few days after the relapse. It decreased or disappeared during the 2 weeks after the relapse, but sometimes reappeared and was found in tests performed 2–3 months later. Five patients with cerebral infarction were studied in a similar way—in three, marked reactivity was noted within a few days after the stroke; in these, reactivity decreased or disappeared in later tests. In the two other patients, reactivity appeared in the second and/or third test. The possibility of a reactivity as an epiphenomenon due to CNS tissue destruction is discussed, and the need for antigens with a more restricted specificity for such an analysis is stres

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1977.tb05626.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTAmong 135 consecutive patients with myopathy, 17 showed abnormalities in the mitochondria of muscle. In eight of these patients the abnormalities were demonstrated by electron microscopy. In all patients Gömöri trichrome stain showed red masses at the sites of the mitochondria and diformazan deposits when stained for mitochondrial enzymes. The patients could be divided into three groups: i) Nine patients had weakness of the extra‐ocular muscles, either alone or associated with weakness of skeletal muscles and non‐muscular signs. One patient with the oculo‐cranio‐somatic syndrome had two affected sibs. ii) Four patients had a facioscapulohumeral distribution of weakness. Three (two sisters and a maternal aunt) were in the same family, and the fourth patient had an affected sister. iii) Four patients were clinically heterogeneous. When mitochondrial alterations were the only pathological change in many fibers in a muscle, they were most often associated with an ocular or oculo‐cranio‐somatic syndrome. Electromyography showed changes indicating or suggestive of myopathy in all but one patient. There was a discrepancy between severe changes in the EMG and nearly normal fibers by hematoxylin and eosin and van Gieson stains. Serum creatine kinase was increased in 10 of 17 patients, in most 2–4 times the upper

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1977.tb05627.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe present study was performed in 34 patients with transient cerebral ischemia, TCI. Twenty‐four of the patients were examined angiographically. Atherosclerotic abnormalities were demonstrated in 13 and a total occlusion of the interior carotid artery was found in one patient. The angiograms were normal in 10 patients. One patient suffered from hyperlipoproteinemia, type IV, and one from diabetes mellitus. The platelet aggregation in vitro was increased significantly, as more patients than normal controls showed secondary aggregation with low ADP‐concentrations: ≤ 1 μmol (p<0.01). The fibrinolytic capacity was significantly reduced (p<0.01) but not particularly in the patients with increased tendency for platelet aggregation. No correlation found between changes in platelet aggregation, the fibrinolytic activity and the angiographic findings. The results described may favor the concept that a prophylactic use of drugs excerting an antiaggregation effect on platelets might be useful in patients suffering fr

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1977.tb05628.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0001-6314    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1977.tb05629.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY