摘要:

ABSTRACTThis paper reports two experiments which use a micro‐computer driven self‐paced reading task to examine the reading strategies of good and poor readers. Unlike previous work using this technique the children were able to regress to earlier parts of the texts by pressing the appropriate computer key. The main focus of the experiments is on the relationship between reading strategies, reading ability and the length of the textual units which are presented to the children. Reading ability is found to influence reading strategies differently according to whether text is presented in single words or in phrases. A similar result is found for the time taken to read the texts. The results are discussed in the light of current theories of text processing. However the main point of the paper is to illustrate the use of a potentially powerful diagnostic tool which will operate on computers currently available in scho

ISSN:0141-0423    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9817.1989.tb00299.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTHalliday and Hasan's (1976) concept of textual cohesion has generated considerable interest among reading educators. However, there has been very little research which has considered how cohesion operates during reading. This paper reports on a study which used a selective deletion procedure to investigate how good and poor readers (N = 44) from a secondary school in England were able to use cohesion while reading fiction and non‐fiction. A feature of the analysis of the results thus obtained is the validation of the concept of a reading development continuum (RDC). Results indicate that good readers were more successful in maintaining the global unity of text than were the poor readers. As well, both groups of readers found it easier to perceive cohesion in fiction than they did in non‐fiction. Implications of these findings for reading instruction at the elementary and secondary levels are discus

ISSN:0141-0423    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9817.1989.tb00300.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThis paper reports the results of cloze tests in the reading and listening modes together with a computer analysis of responses to the tests. The subjects were groups of Scottish school children at the ages of 8‐9, 11‐12 and 13–14 years sampled over the whole country as part of a national survey of English language; the cloze tests were only a small part of the whole testing programme which also contained three other major reading tests. Approximately 400 subjects took cloze tests in each mode at each age. The test material was the same throughout for all stages tested. Two tests, each containing one narrative and one expository text were used.The mode of presentation did not significantly affect the types of cloze responses offered nor the total scores of the tests at any stage. However, results indicated better performance for older subjects when they read, and for the youngest group when they listened to, expository though not narrative passages. The comparisons of the results for the three different school stages showed continuing interdependence of reading and listening ability through the ages tested.The different cloze response patterns for the two types of text (in either mode) as well as the only moderate correlation between the texts, indicated that success in comprehending narratives may not necessarily transfer to comprehending inform

ISSN:0141-0423    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9817.1989.tb00301.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTResearchers generally assume that logographs such as numerals form a homogeneous set. This paper presents a study whose results challenge that assumption. Using a visual search task, it is shown that native Chinese speakers, who can read and speak English, process strings of Chinese numerals differently from the way they process strings of Western numerals. The different pattern of results found with these two sets of numerals also contrasts with the pattern typically found when native English speakers process Western numerals. An explanation of this result is proposed based on the notion that visual search functions can be the outcome of the combined effect of different basic search procedures.

ISSN:0141-0423    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9817.1989.tb00302.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe relation between performance in phonemic segmentation and reading and writing ability is discussed. Not much is known about how segmentation is carried out and which word properties influence performance. Therefore, effects of word properties (length, CV structure, syllabic structure, meaning) were investigated in two experiments. Strong indications were obtained that an onset‐rime distinction is relevant for the process of segmentation. The meaning of a word appears to have no influence. The decentration hypothesis can therefore be abandoned as an explanation for segmentation difficulties.Effects of length and syllabic boundary can be explained by the (disruptive) effect of consonant clusters, which are not only difficult to segment themselves, but also adversely affect the processing of segments earlier in the word. This leads to the conclusion that a simple, strictly serial model for segmentation cannot be adequate. The results furthermore suggest that an articulatory rather than a phonological code is the object of segmentatio

ISSN:0141-0423    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9817.1989.tb00303.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviewed in this article:GRIFFITH, P. (1987)Literary Theory and English Teaching.BLOOME, D. (ed) (1987)Literacy and Schooling.HANNON, P. and JACKSON, A.The Belfeld Reading Project Final Report: Belfield Community Council/National Children's BureauLRWIN, J.W. (ed)Understanding and Teaching Cohesion Comprehension.FOORMAN, B.R. and SIEGEL, A.W. (eds) (1986)Acquisition of Reading Skills: Cultural Constraints and Cognitive Universals.

ISSN:0141-0423    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9817.1989.tb00304.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0141-0423    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9817.1989.tb00305.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0141-0423    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9817.1989.tb00306.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY