摘要:

A series of studies was conducted to adapt the Australian Self‐reported Delinquency Scale (Mak, 1993) for use with adolescents in the State of Western Australia. First, an item construction and analysis study was conducted to determine whether variations in State laws and rules between the Australian Capital Territory (where Mak's scale was developed) and Western Australia would require the deletion or addition of items to the present scale. As a result of this study, two items were deleted and six items were added to the scale. Second, the factor structure and content validity of the scale were tested by examining the item responses of 230 high‐school students to determine whether the same nine factors obtained by Mak would be yielded. The outcomes of this analysis identified seven factors, which were labelled theft and burglary, motor vehicle offences, drug‐related offences, assault, vandalism, public disorder, and school‐related offences. Finally, the scale was validated by comparing the item responses of 260 adolescents (80 delinquent, 90 at‐risk, and 90 not at‐risk adolescents) with the item responses of the Phase 2 sample using MICFA and the coefficient of congruence procedure. In line with Mak's findings, the outcomes of this study have shown the instrument to be highly reliable, indicating that the factors are dependable across different data sets, and that the values are sufficiently high to investigate meaningful group

ISSN:0004-9530    

DOI:10.1080/00049539608259498

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study investigated the relationships of pain and sleep with depressive symptoms in women with rheumatoid arthritis. Specifically, the study aimed to replicate the findings of Nicassio and Wallston (1992), and extend their investigations by examining the hypothesised relationships over multiple time intervals. A further aim was to explore the role of social activity in predicting depressive symptoms. Subjects were 81 women with a diagnosis of definite rheumatoid arthritis. Each woman completed questionnaires 12 times, at 3‐to 4‐month intervals. Data from the first five time‐points are used in the current analyses. At Time 1, pain was significantly associated with depressive symptoms, and there was also a trend for low social activity to be associated with concurrent depressive symptoms. Longitudinally, the interaction of either sleep with social activity or pain with social activity at Time 1 predicted depression 12 months later. When multiple time intervals were used in the analysis, disability was the only significant predictor of depressive symptoms. The implications of these results are disc

ISSN:0004-9530    

DOI:10.1080/00049539608259499

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study examined the relationships among perceived parental bonding and two common forms of adolescent deviance—alcohol use and conduct problems—using self‐reported data collected from 158 male and 235 female Australian secondary school students. The hypothesis that perceptions of parental neglect would be associated with both types of adolescent deviance was generally supported. Perceived parental overprotection was found to be predictive of conduct problems only. A hierarchical regression analysis of delinquency scores (with those from alcohol‐use items removed) revealed that alcohol misuse was a predictor of conduct problems above and beyond the contributions from various parental bonding and sociodemographic variables. Implications of the findings for theories of adolescent deviance and directions for future investigations and youth programs are di

ISSN:0004-9530    

DOI:10.1080/00049539608259500

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study used figural discrepancy ratings to investigate the cognitive (“thinking”) and affective (“feeling”) components of body image dissatisfaction. The subjects were 178 female undergraduate students. It was found that cognitive and affective measures of body dissatisfaction could be distinguished from each other on the basis of differential prediction of other weight and psychological variables, thereby providing evidence as to their construct validity. When feeling fat was treated as the outcome variable of interest, and weight and thinking fat were statistically controlled, feeling fat was predicted by dietary restraint, self‐esteem, and depressed affect. It was concluded that feeling fat represents something more important than simply being overweight or thinking oneself o

ISSN:0004-9530    

DOI:10.1080/00049539608259501

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study examined the effects of encoding instructions and subjects' prior knowledge on sensitivity to feature co‐occurrence in the learning of two novel, ill‐defined categories. Sixty‐five subjects were allocated to conditions in which they were either required to discriminate between the members of the categories (intentional instructions) or to identify the features of each category instance (incidental instructions). Categories were presented with neutral labels or labels that cued the retrieval of prior knowledge. This additional information was presented at the beginning or the end of the study phase. All instances were presented four times, followed by a test phase in which subjects classified old and new stimuli that varied in the extent to which they preserved the correlations between feature values that were present in the study items. Analyses of test‐phase categorisation indicated that intentional encoding led to greater sensitivity to feature correlations than incidental encoding, and that provision of meaningful category labels facilitated the encoding of correlations between features that were seen to be consistent with prior knowledge. The implications of these results for models of the interaction between similarity‐based processes and prior knowledge are

ISSN:0004-9530    

DOI:10.1080/00049539608259502

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper reports on a further set of measures of sex‐typing suitable for use with 8‐to 14‐year‐olds (see Antill, Russell, Goodnow,&Cotton, 1993). They involve stereotyping, egalitarianism, reactions to cross‐sex behaviours, preferences for sex‐typed occupations, and desire to be the same or the other sex. The measures fit conceptually into Huston's (1983) categoriesConcepts or beliefs (related to gender)andPreferences, attitudes and values (for self or others).The sample comprised first‐and second‐bom children from 191 two‐parent families (193 males, 189 females). The children in 161 families were assessed on a second occasion, on average 16 months after the first testing. The measures were shown to have suitable psychometric properties: moderate to high alpha coefficient values, sex differences in the expected direction where appropriate, and moderate consistency over time. Where changes in means occurred, they indicated greater flexibility in sex roles. Intercorrelations among the measures revealed some coherence within subgroups of measures, particularly within Huston's category Concepts or beliefs (related to gender). However, the results support a multidimensional view of sex‐typing, and draw attention to the limitations of studies which use single measur

ISSN:0004-9530    

DOI:10.1080/00049539608259503

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Schizophrenia. Empirical Research and Findings. Straube, E.R.&Oades, R.D. (1992).Stress, Personal Control and Health. Andrew Steptoe and Ad Appels (Eds.).A Dialogue With Albert Ellis: Against Dogma. Windy Dryden, (1991).Semantics, Culture and Cognition. Anna Wierzbicka. (1992) New York.Incestuous Families: An Ecological Approach to Understanding and Treatment. Maddock, J.W.&Larson, N. R. (1995).Developmental and Acquired Dyslexia: Neuropsychological and Neurolinguistic Perspectives. Leong, C. K&Joshi, R. M. (1995).The Mosaic Mind: Empowering The Tormented Selves of Child Abuse Survivors. Goulding, R. J.,&Schwartz, R. C. (1995)Forensic Neuropsychology: Conceptual Foundations and Clinical Practice. Valciukas, J. A. 11995).Problem Solving: Current Issues. Kahney, H. (1993).The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Social Psychology. Manstead A. S. R.,&Hewstone, M. (Eds.).Families Coping With Schizophrenia: A Practitioner's Guide to Family Groups. Atkinson, J. M.,&Coia, D. A. (1995).Reasoning and Decision‐Making. Johnsoniaird, P. N.,&Shafir, E. (Eds.).Educational Psychology: Constructing Learning. Mclnerney, D.&Mclnerney, V. (1994

ISSN:0004-9530    

DOI:10.1080/00049539608259504

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This is a scanned image of the original Editorial Board page(s) for this issue.

ISSN:0004-9530    

DOI:10.1080/00049539608259496

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY