摘要:

Newspaper compositors, whose work has been redefined following the replacement of hot‐metal technology by an electronic production process, have been surveyed and interviewed some three years after the change. Data were sought concerning their attitudes to their new task content, their reaction to the change in work methods and control, and their ideas about their future. The sample has experienced reduced influence over the decisions of senior management, less utilization of old skills, and reduced future opportunities. However, the majority have adjusted to the change and some prefer i

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1986.tb00208.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The relationships among engineers' career aspirations, technical obsolescence, personal variables, work characteristics, and perceptions of the organization's reward system were examined in this study. A discriminant function analysis indicated that (a) perceptions of the organization's reward system for management careers and (b) administrative performance were two dimensions that could correctly classify 59·8 per cent of the engineers into one of three career‐orientation groups. Career orientation was unrelated to the amount of technical updating an engineer was currently engaged in; however, individuals aspiring to management careers were engaged in more coursework of a general, broadening nature. Also, the better technical performers most desired future management careers. Career orientations are discussed in terms of age, career stages, and organizational reward system. Changes in organizational reward systems and in work characteristics are suggested because of their consequences for technical personn

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1986.tb00209.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The study reported here focused on both the target and the agent of influence, and examined the differences in their perceptions of the reasons for and the tactics of influence. Following attribution theory, it was hypothesized that agents would give more reasons than targets signifying power over the targets' behaviour and exercise strong tactics to influence their targets. On the other hand, targets would minimize the strong tactics being exercised upon them and emphasize reasons signifying their self‐control and agents' dependence on their help. The differences between agents and targets were expected to be more significant for bosses as agents and subordinates as targets than for any other status‐perspective combination. A total of 206 middle‐level managers participated in the study; 125 of them responded as agents and 81 responded as targets. Kipniset al.'s (1980) questionnaire, consisting of five reasons for influencing others and 58 tactics of influence, was used. Nine dimensions of influence were found by factor analyses. Results clearly supported the research hypot

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1986.tb00210.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Foxet al. (1983) concluded that halo is not a unitary concept. This paper argues that their conclusion is erroneous and that it is based on a misunderstanding of the role of variance in statistical analysis, a mistaken use of ANOVA to calculate halo, and the confusion of those analyses that measure the similarity in ratings across raters with those that compare the similarities in ratings under different rating conditions.

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1986.tb00211.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The results of a survey of the techniques used for managerial selection from 108 organizations in Great Britain are presented. The results reveal that, whilst the usage by large organizations of assessment centre type exercises and biodata is increasing, most organizations still select managers on the basis of interviews and references.It is argued that psychological research and theory should have a bigger impact on selection practice. The limitations of current research and theory are discussed under the headings of criterion measures, validity and utility, and predictors.

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1986.tb00212.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study investigated, in the field, the effect on transfer of training of four different training methods. A ‘transfer module’ of one of four sorts for each trainee was added to training in micrometer use then, after a 13‐week lay‐off, training in vernier height‐gauge use was undertaken. The subjects were trainees on Youth Training Scheme construction courses. The results showed that subjects who received a transfer module consisting of exposition of the principle of vernier scales were more effectively trained to use vernier height‐gauges than subjects in all other groups. Subjects whose transfer module consisted of practical use of a wide variety of high‐accuracy measuring tools were more effectively trained to use a vernier height‐gauge than subjects in a control group who received no transfer module. Subjects whose training module was further practice with micrometers and those who learned about relationships between measuring tools, tasks, and jobs were no more effectively trained to use a vernier height‐guage than were control subjects. Results are discussed in terms of knowledge/action structures of memory which may be mecha

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1986.tb00213.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviewed in this article:Contemporary Issues in Leadership. by WILLIAM ROSENBACH&ROBERT TAYLOR.Redundancy Counselling for Managers. By GILES BURROWS.Negotiation: Theory and Practice. By JAMES A. WALL, JR.Computers at Work: A Behavioural Approach. By D. J. OBORNE.Comparative Industrial Relations: An Introduction to Cross‐national Perspectives. By R. BEAN.Everybody Needs A Mentor: How to Foster Talent within the Organization. By DAVD CLUTTERBUCK.Contrast Analysis: Focused Comparisons in the Analysis of Variance. By ROBERT ROSENTHAL&RALPH L. ROSNOWSocial Work Stress and Intervention. By STEPHEN FINEMA

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1986.tb00214.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY