摘要:

A brief review of the literature notes that two styles of organizational analysis—the ‘neo‐human relations’ and ‘organismic’ approaches—criticize bureaucracy and advocate the construction of organizations in which structure is less prominent. Evidence is cited which indicates that a certain degree of structure may in fact be beneficial to organizations and their members. This is in turn linked to a discussion of three social science approaches, each of which points to the possibility that structure may not be thebête noirethat it is frequently taken to be in the neo‐human relations and organis

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1976.tb00324.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A great deal of research has been conducted over recent years in the field of occupational stress and its relationship to physical and mental illness. This paper attempts to provide a framework for examining this work, with the dual objectives of broadening the existing psychological literature with the extensive medical data available and also highlighting the research gaps in this area. By emphasizing the medical evidence it is hoped that we may encourage greater interdisciplinary work in the growing field of stress at work.

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1976.tb00325.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Most advanced societies, today, are committed to the principle of equal rights for men and women. In Britain, legislation is on the statute books with regard to equal pay and for the removal of unfair discrimination. Ideally, this legislation should be based on and supported by a full understanding of the relative abilities of men and women, so that it is just and can be operated with complete appreciation of its limitations and consequences. Unfortunately, few researchers have been willing to tackle questions of sex differences in ability, the general view being that any differences which exist must be the product of an unjust social system and that, if differences can be proven, this will only justify existing prejudices. This paper challenges these views. It argues that there are some differences between men and women which have serious implications for employment and that, rather than defeating the cause of sexual equality, an understanding of them is essential to its success.

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1976.tb00326.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

There is some evidence of the predictive value of attitudes in psychiatric rehabilitation. It is suggested that the most satisfactory way of assessing relevant attitudes is through specially developed questionnaires. Data are presented about the correlational structure of such a questionnaire in both a preliminary and a revised form. It is concluded that separate scales can be constructed to measure dimensions apparently equivalent to the concepts of confidence, perceived illness, perceived support and keenness to work.

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1976.tb00327.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The argument is put forward that the congruence of scientific standards and social relevance should be positively sought. Such an endeavour will lead to a practical psychology of work in tune with rapid and possibly discontinuous changes in our society. Four major hindrances to such objectives are identified and discussed.There is some evidence that a growing number of psychologists are prepared to advocate a change in philosophy, a wider experimentation with different methods, and a redefinition of our legitimate scientific‐professional concer

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1976.tb00328.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Writing apprehension, the apprehension an individual has about the active encoding of written messages, was hypothesized to affect both the desirability and choice of occupations. High writing apprehensives found occupations with low writing requirements significantly more desirable than occupations with high writing demands. A trend, in the opposite direction, for low apprehensive subjects was also observed. Occupational choices of high writing apprehensives were significantly lower in perceived communication requirements than those selected by low writing apprehensives.

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1976.tb00329.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviewed in this article:Creativity in Industry. By P. R. WHTTFIELDManagement in India—New Perspectives. By S. K. ROY.Contingency Approaches to Leadership. Edited by JAMES G. HUNT and LARS L. LARSON.Shift Work. By MARC MAURICE.Organizational change: An Exploratory Study and Case History. By MICHAEL TUSHMAN.Industrial Psychology(6th edition) by E. J. MCCORMICK and J. TIFFI

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1976.tb00330.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY