摘要:

LISREL estimates of the parameters of a causal model of absenteeism are reported for a sample of 425 full‐time employees of a 327‐bed medical centre. The model modifies and extends the conceptual framework of Steers&Rhodes (1978) and includes routinization, centralization, pay, distributive justice, work involvement, role ambiguity, conflict and overload, kinship responsibility, organizational permissiveness, job satisfaction, job involvement, organizational commitment, health status and alcohol involvement as the determinants of absenteeism. Based on self‐report measures of absence frequency, significant positive direct effects of kinship responsibility, organizational permissiveness, role ambiguity and alcohol involvement, and negative direct effects of centralization, pay and job satisfaction yielded anR2for absenteeism of 21.6. Job satisfaction completely mediated the effects of routinization and work involvement, and partially mediated the effects of centralization and role ambi

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1989.tb00473.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Using the concept of organizational climate, this paper reports a study conducted to validate a measure of industrial relations climate. Industrial relations climate is defined as a subset of organizational climate that pertains to the norms and attitudes reflecting union‐management relationships in an organization. Data were collected by means of extensive interviews with management and union representatives, and by distributing a questionnaire to 729 employees in two organizations in Canada. The results showed the validity and the reliability of five scales measuring industrial relations climate. Four of the climate scales also demonstrated strong within‐organization and within‐group agreement (based on union/non‐union membership, bargaining unit and departmental affiliation). The potential theoretical and practical use of this construct for future research is di

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1989.tb00474.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study sought to test the disaggregation hypothesis of the relationship between life satisfaction and job satisfaction (Rice, Near&Hunt, 1980) which proposes that the relationship is stronger for individuals who value work in their lives. To date, tests of the hypothesis have been inadequate due to insufficient measures of work value and life satisfaction. This study found support for the hypothesis using improved measures and a more appropriate analytic technique. Principal component regression was the appropriate technique to detect a moderating effect in data with linear dependencies.

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1989.tb00475.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Most research on the use of sanctions has proceeded from an operant conditioning perspective. The general hypothesis explored here draws on social learning theory and examines the impact of positive and negative sanctions on group members other than the member actually sanctioned. Results of a laboratory experiment using 48 subjects in a repeated measures design and a field study with 106 respondents suggest that both rewards and punishments can have positive effects on observers' motivation, satisfaction and feelings of equity. Failure to use an appropriate sanction is associated with significantly lower levels of motivation, satisfaction and equity among task group members.

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1989.tb00476.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In a predictive study of qualified nursing staff in long‐stay settings, ‘burnout’ variables, role ambiguity and perceived support from their superior were assessed. Absence through sickness and job turnover were then measured over the subsequent two years. Ambiguity about authority predicted frequency of short absences in the subsequent 12 months. Perceived lack of support and emotional exhaustion predicted the frequency of absences of more than four days, and more than seven days, respectively, in the subsequent 12 months. Feelings of depersonalization were correlated with departure from the job during the subsequent two years. Hypotheses are offered to draw together these particular findings, emphasizing the mediating role which feelings of ‘professional depression’

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1989.tb00477.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper introduces a multifaceted construct labelled ‘employee focus of attention’. Conceptual and operational definitions for the construct are provided. Evidence from four different studies is presented to establish content, construct and face validity for the operationalization. Data support the general hypothesis that the degree to which employees think about various targets in their work environment affects their reactions to those targets. It is concluded that with further development the focus of attention construct may provide a viable way to enhance explanations of employee reactions to their work environments. Suggestions for future research on the focus of attention construct are provi

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1989.tb00478.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Longitudinal observations are reported on three samples of unemployed school‐leavers who were followed up after one, two and three years respectively following an initial survey taken while they were still at school. In each case interest focused on possible differences between those who had been continuously unemployed since leaving school and those who had become unemployed following job loss. The two unemployed groups did not differ consistently on any of the psychological measures; moreover, in general there was no evidence of an overall decline in psychological well‐being. It is concluded that job loss, as opposed to failure to find a job, is not in itself a traumatic experience for the young per

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1989.tb00479.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviewed in this article:Work, Unemployment and Mental Health.ByPeter Warr.Our Need for Others and its Roots in Infancy.ByJosephine Klein.The Polygraph Test: Lies, Truth and Science.Edited byAnthony Gale.Tasks, Errors and Mental Models.Edited byL. P. Goodstein, H. B. Andersen&S. E. Olsen.The Leadership Challenge—How To Get Extra‐Ordinary Things Done In Organizations.ByJames M. Kouzes&Barry Z. Posner.Managerial Job Change: Men and Women in Transition.ByNigel Nicholson&Michael West.The Individual in the Economy.ByStephen E. G. Lea, Roger M. Tarpy&Paul Webley.Controlling Stress—Effective Human Resource and Management Strategies.ByMichael T. Matteson&John M. Ivancevich.Stress in Health Professionals.Edited byRoy Payne and Jenny Firth‐Cozens.Occupational Stress: Issues and Developments in Research.Edited byJoseph L. Hurrell, Lawrence R. Murphy, Steven L. Sauter&Cary L.

ISSN:0305-8107    

DOI:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1989.tb00480.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY