ISSN:1541-132X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1541-1338.1982.tb00445.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The authors review five “definitions‐in‐use” that characterize regulatory policymaking and policy analysis. They survey these contradictory meanings and argue that the common use of all five has adversely affected efforts to reform and study government reg

ISSN:1541-132X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1541-1338.1982.tb00446.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Berry reviews the major theories for why legislative intent differs from regulatory output including: (1) theories of commission inadequacy, (2) group theories of political science, and (3) group theories of regulation offered by economists. He reviews the salient literature in each type and concludes that none alone incorporates a sufficient explanation for the wide range of regulatory outcomes. Such an explanation, he maintains, requires an analysis of all three actors, and of the variation in the incentives, resources, and goals of each.

ISSN:1541-132X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1541-1338.1982.tb00447.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The major arguments of this paper are that there is a need for an integrating framework for the study of regulation, including the design of regulatory institutions, and that the theory of agency may provide such a framework. The paper provides a brief overview of this approach. The theory of agency is a general theory of social relationships of “acting for” that is now under development in several disciplines, particularly economics and accounting. Regulation is seen as a generic relation observed widely in social behavior, and as a particular type of agency relationship. The problems of agency relations–e.g., the problems of principals in controlling agents and of agents in acting according to the principals' desires–have their counterparts in reg

ISSN:1541-132X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1541-1338.1982.tb00448.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The problem of protecting consumer interests in the regulatory process is viewed from the free enterprise, progressive, and pluralist paradigms. Berman considers the characteristics of each paradigm, the ways reformers have sought to implement each, and how they interact and shape the nature of the regulatory system. The greatest conflict lies between the free enterprise and progressive paradigms on the need for regulation. The author concludes, however, that the regulatory system can best be viewed as a blend of the different paradigms–unstable though that blend may b

ISSN:1541-132X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1541-1338.1982.tb00449.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The authors suggest that most arguments in favor of deregulation are really double‐edged swords which render the debate over deregulation inconclusive at best. They challenge the following positions as inconclusive: (1) that deregulation per se is good; (2) that it protects rights; (3) that deregulation removes uncertainties concerning the marketplace; (4) that it reduces “nitpicking” and coercive regulation; (5) that deregulation promotes greater productivity and efficiency; (6) that it combats inflation; (7) that regulations often cannot be justified by benefits over costs; and (8) there are serious problems of attaining optimum levels of regulation. Special interest groups in favor of deregulation are seen to bear a remarkable resemblance to groups opposed to deregul

ISSN:1541-132X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1541-1338.1982.tb00450.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The authors indicate how science and social science can be combined to assess the range and effectiveness of policy alternatives available to environmental decision‐makers. They focus on cost‐effective regulatory alternatives to the Los Angeles particulate sulfate problem. Both sciences are applied to the relationship of emissions to pollution levels and environmental quality. They reject the notion that a simple reduction in emissions leads to a commensurate reduction in pollution levels. The problem of applying licenses and emissions fees are reviewed, as are the difficulties of political feasibil

ISSN:1541-132X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1541-1338.1982.tb00451.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

After examining policies and proposals designed to achieve cost‐effective pollution abatement, the authors argue that design of economically elegant solutions to pollution control problems needs implementation analysis if the policies are to be successfully carried out. They review some institutional obstacles to implementation and conclude that these impediments should not prevent adoptio

ISSN:1541-132X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1541-1338.1982.tb00452.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Anderson reviews the notion of the “captured” regulatory agency and summarizes four theories for how it occurs. The author then uses the example of the newly formed Texas Public Utility Commission to demonstrate none of the four apply; that the regulators became “enraptured” with the interests of the industry rather than “captured

ISSN:1541-132X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1541-1338.1982.tb00453.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Sunset review seeks to determine whether governmental agencies meet a genuine public need, and to terminate those that do not. Some form of sunset review has been adopted by two‐thirds of the states. March reviews the last five years of sunset review in Colorado and characterizes it as a trial and error process punctuated with some mistakes, but a process which eventually became cost‐effective. The article narrates the history of different review processes, successes, and evaluation criterion. Evaluation methodologies were developed over time and altered occasionally as the criteria in the initial legislation was seen as unsatisfactory. In Colorado the process proved to be vulnerable to special interest gro

ISSN:1541-132X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1541-1338.1982.tb00454.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY