摘要:

ABSTRACTA residential water demand equation is estimated using the only data set on water consumption that contains time series (monthly) observations on individual customers facing an increasing block rate schedule. Because the price of water both determines, and is determined by, usage, ordinary least squares estimation will yield biased estimates. Thus, two‐stage least squares and instrumental variables techniques are used. The estimated coefficients on lawn size, weather, house size, and income have the expected signs and are statistically significant. However, there is not any significant response to changes in water price, perhaps due to the relatively low cost of wate

ISSN:0017-4815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2257.1988.tb00458.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTHistorically, employment in high‐technology manufacturing industries has been concentrated in metropolitan areas. The product life cycle theory of industrial location suggests, however, that employment in this sector will decentralize as these industries mature and production processes are standardized. This study utilized shift‐share analysis and Enhanced County Business Pattern data to determine the extent to which a metropolitan‐to‐nonmetroplitan employment shift occurred from 1975 to 1982. Employment shifts for nonmetropolitan counties of different sizes, adjacency status, and cenus regions were estimated. Also, the specific high‐technology manufacturers (four‐digit SIC) participating in the decentralization process were identified. The findings of this study indicate that nonmetropolitan employment in the high‐tech sector increased by more than 13,000 as a result of decentralization. Small‐ and medium‐sized nonmetropolitan counties and nonmetropolitan areas in New England, the South, and the West experienced the greatest gains in high‐technology employment. Urban‐to‐rural employment shifts in innovative high‐technology industries was restricted to primarily counties adjacent to metropolitan areas and nonmetropolitan counties in the New En

ISSN:0017-4815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2257.1988.tb00459.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTRecent research has indicated that individual income distribution in the United States has tended toward greater inequality in recent years. Hypotheses are presented on the expected effect of that trend on suburban municipalities within large metropolitan areas. One major expectation is that the distribution of per capita incomes among the municipalities will be found to bifurcate. A methodology that rests on a graphical depiction of income and a revision of the famous Pearson plane is used to identify trends. Results indicate that the long term trend (at least since 1960) toward income homogeneity came to a halt by 1979 and began to reverse itself in the early 1980s, although bimodal distributions of income are not yet (1983) in evidence. Rapidly growing and rich communities are tending toward greater internal income homogeneity.

ISSN:0017-4815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2257.1988.tb00460.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTCross and net migration flows among the states for 1975‐80 were used to define migration regions, or groups of states with similar patterns of net interchange. This typology may be characterized as a transition from a northeastern “core” which lost to all other regions to a northwestern “periphery” which gained from all other regions. Florida and California were found to have an important role in redistributing population. The typology was also valid for all age groups and across racial and ethnic categories. The typology remained meaningful when the 1975‐80 data were compared to 1965‐70 and 1980‐85 data, despite great volatility in net migration and significant change in the placement

ISSN:0017-4815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2257.1988.tb00461.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTHuman capital is becoming recognized as an increasingly important factor in rural economic development. Economic research, however, has not provided clear empirical support of the relationship between human capital investment and economic growth. This paper applies stock and flow concepts to human capital and suggests an operational approach for applying stock and flow concepts to the analysis of the impact of human capital investments through education on economic growth.

ISSN:0017-4815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2257.1988.tb00462.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThis note investigates regional population growth in the U.S. for 1959‐84, taking into account four city sizes and three time periods. It is found that the growth is largest in city size (0.5 ‐ 1.0) million and (1.0 ‐ 2.0) million. Over time, the growth is largest in the less urbanized re

ISSN:0017-4815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2257.1988.tb00463.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviews in this article:Vintage WineJames M . Buchanan, Liberty, Market and State:New Trade OutlookJames J. Emery, Norman A. Graham, and Michael F. OppenheimerAn Interdisciplinary ApproachAllan Schnaiberg, Nicolas Watts, and Klaus Zimmermann, eds.Small‐Scale FarmingGerald G. Marten, ed.Traditional Agriculture in Southeast Asia: A Human Ecology Perspective.Technological AdvancementNathan Rosenberg and Claudio Frischtak, eds.Dividing up the OilWalter J. Mead, Asbjorn Moseidjord, Dennis D. Muraoka, and Philip E. SorensenA Substantial WorkHerman Van der Wee,Prosperity and Upheaval: The World Economy 1945‐1980.Development: Red, Blue, or Green?Herb Addo, et al. eds.,Development as Social Transformation: Reflections on the Global Problematique.The European ExperienceGraham Hall, ed.,European Industrial Policy.Urban HomesteadingDavid P. Varady,Neighborhood UpgradingAssessment and Future DirectionsMartin Fransman,Technology and Economic Development.Technology, Economics, EnergyNorman K. Whittlesey, ed.,Energy and Water Management in Western Irrigated Agriculture.Israeli EnigmaS.N. Eisenstadt,The Transformation of Israeli Society: An Essay in Interpretat

ISSN:0017-4815    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2257.1988.tb00464.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY