摘要:

AbstractHeritability analyses were performed with clinical chemistry data collected on 360 twin pairs of white, middle‐aged male veterans during the second examination of the NHLBI Twin Study, a multicenter study of cardiovascular disease risk factors. Significant genetic variability was present for albumin, alkaline phosphatase, blood urea nitrogen, 1‐hr postload glucose, phosphorus, total protein, and uric acid. Calcium and aspartate aminotransferase had significantly different means by zygosity, which precluded further analysis. Total bilirubin and lactate dehydrogenase did not show evidence for genetic variation at this examination. Comparisons are made to results from similar twin studies and the first examination of the NHLBI Twin Study. Heritability estimates for phosphorus and blood urea nitrogen exhibited marked stability across studies, while heritability estimates for total bilirubin, total protein, and uric acid decreased in older study populations. The heritability of 1‐hr postload blood glucose decreased from 0.88 at the first NHLBI examination to 0.52 at the second one. Interpretation of these results requires consideration of possible selection biases, methodologic and demographic issues, and the view that for some clinical chemistries, biological aging along with prolonged environmental exposures may alter the amount of phenotypic variation explained by the additive effect of genes

ISSN:0741-0395    

DOI:10.1002/gepi.1370040102

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTwo rare types of familial periodontitis, a localized form usually diagnosed in late adolescence, and a more generalized form with a latter mean age of diagnosis, have been analyzed with respect to genetic models currently favored in the dental literature. These include autosomal recessive and X‐linked dominant (partial penetrance) inheritance. Since there is variation in severity, extent, age of onset, altered sex ratio of affected individuals, and a low population prevalence, it is not surprising that genetic mechanisms heretofore have not been revealed.We have compared the likelihoods of 33 kindreds ascertained through affected probands under the above genetic models. Our findings include (1) several families in which both forms of early onset periodontitis co‐occur, making it unlikely that the clinical varieties of the disease have unrelated genetic causes; (2) the autosomal recessive model is far more likely than the X‐linked dominant model. The superiority of the recessive hypothesis arises from the fact that there are only a few instances of affected individuals having affected parents and because the skewed sex ratio is shown to be incompatible with X‐linked inheritance. These conclusions are largely insensitive to the assumptions of the analysis. We conclude that the X‐linked dominant hypothesis is inadequate, and while the autosomal recessive model is by no means proven, it is clearl

ISSN:0741-0395    

DOI:10.1002/gepi.1370040103

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe familial occurrence of otitis media was studied in White Mountain Apache Indians at Canyon Day, Arizona. Of the 760 residents, 366 persons were seen during a village survey for otitis media. There were 133 first‐degree relatives involving 113 first‐degree relative pairs. Of these, there were 38 children involving 19 separate sibling pairs, for whom age‐ and sex‐matched controls could be assigned. Tympanic membrane scarring was assumed to be a marker of prior otitis media. The findings suggested (P<.01 for the nonindependent first‐degree relative pairs, and P<.05 for the independent sibling pairs) a familial predisposition. With the additional assumption that the severity of tympanic membrane scarring can be ranked, no association of severity of otitis media was apparent in the first‐degre

ISSN:0741-0395    

DOI:10.1002/gepi.1370040104

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPanic disorder, as defined by the DSM III diagnostic criteria, was diagnosed in 117 probands for whom age of onset ranged from 10 to 59 years, with a mean of 26.6 years. Diagnosis of parents and siblings was based on interviews with the probands, and only those with “definite” panic disorder by the FISC criteria were considered to be affected. The pattern of concordances for panic across different groups of relatives was estimated concurrently by a log‐linear model for binary pedigree data, assuming different values for the cumulative risk. When an adjustment for age was made, based on the age of onset of probands, there was no significant difference between parent‐offspring concordance and sibling concordance. There was a negative, but not significant, concordance between spouse pairs. Assuming the lifetime cumulative risk was 1.9% for males and 4.7% for females, values considered appropriate for this population, our model predicted that the presence of an affected parent or sibling incurs an approximately five times increase in the risk of developing panic disorder. Our model assumes in effect that this risk is multiplied for each further affected relative. Although the common concordance across relationship groups is consistent with a genetic hypothesis, it can also be explained by common family environmental factors. There is a need for further pedigree studies, using twins and relatives, for example, and reliable information on the cumulati

ISSN:0741-0395    

DOI:10.1002/gepi.1370040105

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractLinkage relations of the F13B gene with 38 marker genes are analyzed, which, along with the data of earlier reports on the same subject, brings the number of comparisons to a total of 49. Practically all the lod scores are totally negative. This will mean that the F13B gene can hardly be located on the chromosomes/chromosome arms 1p, 2p, 4q, 6p, 14p, 15p, 20q, 21p, 22 and also not on longer segments of 3q, 6q, 7q, 9p, 9q, 11q, 13q, 14q, 16p, and 16q.

ISSN:0741-0395    

DOI:10.1002/gepi.1370040106

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFor the case of three‐point linkage analysis, a simple goodness‐of‐fit test is proposed to test the order of gene loci. To use it for testing one locus order against another, one may apply the principle that evidence for one order comes from lack of fit of the observations to the other order. With n = 30 offspring from a phase known triple backcross mating, at a recombination fraction of 20% between adjacent loci, the test achieves a power of 80% (5% significance level). Interference (real interference as well as interference assumed in the analysis) increases

ISSN:0741-0395    

DOI:10.1002/gepi.1370040107

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0741-0395    

DOI:10.1002/gepi.1370040108

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0741-0395    

DOI:10.1002/gepi.1370040109

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0741-0395    

DOI:10.1002/gepi.1370040110

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0741-0395    

DOI:10.1002/gepi.1370040101

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY